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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Literacy : International Scientific Journals of Social, Education, Humanities
Putri Mahirah Afladhanti
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Humanities Education Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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POTENSI DAUN TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis) SEBAGAI INHIBITOR MAIN PROTEASE (Mpro) COVID-19: SEBUAH STUDI MOLECULAR DOCKING Haidar Ali Hamzah; Junoretta Haviva Ernanto; Putri Mahirah Afladhanti; Theodorus Theodorus
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 7 No 2 (2022): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v7i2.789

Abstract

Green tea is an herbal plant that has active compounds including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-allergic, and antiviral compounds. A previous study, flavonoid compound in tea leaves has been proven as antiviral. The development of effective antiviral drugs against COVID-19 remains a challenge for researchers across the world. A previous study investigated the role of the main protease enzyme (Mpro) which is useful in the viral life cycle as a promising drug target. This study aims to know the potential compounds of green tea leaves as a COVID-19 Mpro inhibitor using molecular docking. 12 compounds and lopinavir were used. Lipinski analysis was carried out to assess potential compounds as a drug. Docking was carried out by Autodock Tools 1.5.6 and Autodock Vina. The visualization was carried out by Discovery Studio v16. The results showed that all compounds compiled the criteria as a drug based on Lipinski rules. Catechin and epicatechin have the same energy bond as lopinavir with a binding energy of -7.1 kcal/mol. Catechin gallate and epicatechin gallate have the strongest energy bond with a binding energy of -9.0 and -8.2 kcal/mol. All compounds bind in the active site of the COVID-19 Mpro so they are competitive inhibitor. Catechin gallate is the strongest inhibitors.
POTENSI DAUN TEH HIJAU (Camellia sinensis) SEBAGAI INHIBITOR MAIN PROTEASE (Mpro) COVID-19: SEBUAH STUDI MOLECULAR DOCKING Haidar Ali Hamzah; Junoretta Haviva Ernanto; Putri Mahirah Afladhanti; Theodorus Theodorus
Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 7 No 2 (2022): JIIS
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36387/jiis.v7i2.789

Abstract

Green tea is an herbal plant that has active compounds including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-allergic, and antiviral compounds. A previous study, flavonoid compound in tea leaves has been proven as antiviral. The development of effective antiviral drugs against COVID-19 remains a challenge for researchers across the world. A previous study investigated the role of the main protease enzyme (Mpro) which is useful in the viral life cycle as a promising drug target. This study aims to know the potential compounds of green tea leaves as a COVID-19 Mpro inhibitor using molecular docking. 12 compounds and lopinavir were used. Lipinski analysis was carried out to assess potential compounds as a drug. Docking was carried out by Autodock Tools 1.5.6 and Autodock Vina. The visualization was carried out by Discovery Studio v16. The results showed that all compounds compiled the criteria as a drug based on Lipinski rules. Catechin and epicatechin have the same energy bond as lopinavir with a binding energy of -7.1 kcal/mol. Catechin gallate and epicatechin gallate have the strongest energy bond with a binding energy of -9.0 and -8.2 kcal/mol. All compounds bind in the active site of the COVID-19 Mpro so they are competitive inhibitor. Catechin gallate is the strongest inhibitors.
Legal Responsibility of Medical Personnel in Cases of Malpractice in Telemedicine Yohanes Firmansyah; Putri Mahirah Afladhanti
LITERACY : International Scientific Journals of Social, Education, Humanities Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): August : International Scientific Journals of Social, Education, Humanities
Publisher : Badan Penerbit STIEPARI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56910/literacy.v4i2.2467

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of telemedicine in Indonesia as a cross-regional alternative to conventional healthcare services. This technology-based medical practice offers increased accessibility and efficiency, yet it also presents legal challenges, particularly concerning physicians' liability in malpractice cases. This study aims to examine the legal responsibility of physicians in post-pandemic telemedicine using a normative juridical approach. It analyzes six key areas: the innovation and legal challenges of telemedicine; the concept of malpractice and legal liability; regulatory dynamics in Indonesia; malpractice risks in virtual practice; international legal comparisons (United States, United Kingdom, Singapore); and recommendations for legal reform. The method used was a normative legal study with statute and comparative approaches. The secondary data used consists of primary legal materials (laws and regulations), secondary sources (academic literature), and tertiary materials (dictionaries/encyclopedias). The data was then systematically reviewed with a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings indicate that although Law No. 17 of 2023 and Government Regulation No. 28 of 2024 recognize telemedicine practice, technical regulations have led to legal uncertainty for patients and physicians. In contrast, other countries have already established legal frameworks that emphasize doctors' responsibilities in virtual care as equivalent to those in in-person settings. In conclusion, Indonesia must successfully formulate implementing regulations governing service standards, digital informed consent, complaint mechanisms, and the delineation of responsibilities between medical practitioners and platform providers. Such legal reform is essential to ensure that telemedicine evolves as an innovation aligned with patient rights protection and the principles of legal justice.
Co-Authors Haidar Ali Hamzah Junoretta Haviva Ernanto Theodorus Theodorus Yohanes Firmansyah