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HAK ASUH ANAK DARI ISTRI MUSLIM YANG BERCERAI DAN MENIKAH LAGI DENGAN SUAMI NON MUSLIM DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF Suhendry Suhendry; Hendra Karunia Agustine; Linda Linda
El 'Ailaah Vol 1 No 1 (2022): El 'Aailah: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Keluarga
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga (Ahwal Syakhshiyah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (641.655 KB)

Pokok permasalahan penelitian ini adalah hak asuh anak dari istri muslim yang bercerai dan menikah lagi dengan suami non muslim dalam tinjauan Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami bagaimana pandangan hukum Islam dan pandangan hukum positif terhadap hak asuh anak dari istri muslim yang bercerai dan menikah lagi dengan non muslim. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif serta penulis mengumpulkan data dengan menggunakan metode library research (penelitian kepustakaan), dengan mengumpulkan data melalui buku-buku, jurnal, perundang-undangan putusan hakim, dan internet. Fenomena pernikahan beda agama dewasa ini marak terjadi baik seorang laki-laki muslim menikah dengan perempuan non muslim maupun perempuan muslim menikah dengan laki-laki non muslim. Terlebih lagi jika si ibu memiliki seorang anak hasil pernikahannya dengan suami non muslim dari pernikahannya yang pertama. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk mencari hukum dari hak asuh anak dari istri muslim yang bercerai dan menikah lagi dengan suami non muslim dalam tinjauan Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan peneliti menemukan bahwa menurut Hukum Islam adalah menjadi tanggung jawab kedua orang tua secara kerjasama dalam hal mengasuh, mendidik, merawat, memenuhi nafkah anak, serta para ulama tidak menetapkan bahwa yang berhak mengasuh anak adalah ibu atau ayahnya dan majelis hakim sangat berhati-hati dalam memutuskan siapa yang akan berhak dalam masalah hak asuh anak pada keluarga yang beda agama. Dalam Hukum Islam harus memperhatikan syarat-syarat sebagai pengasuh, yaitu harus baligh, berakal, mampu mendidik dengan baik, dapat dipercaya, dan terutama harus beragam Islam. dan menurut hukum positif adalah keduanya sama sama berkewajiban untuk merawat, mendidik anak dengan baik, dan apabila keduanya terjadi perselisihan maka pengadilan yang berhak memberi keputusan dalam pengasuhan anak. sehingga peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa Agama kedua orang tua yang akan mengasuh anak menjadi pertimbangan utama hakim dalam menentukan hak asuh anak.

Gratis Ongkir pada Metode Pembayaran Tertentu di Shopee dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Mia Hanifa; Hendra Karunia Agustine; Muhammad Hasmi
Al Barakat Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Al Barakat: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Muamalah)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59270/jab.v6i1.401

Shipping free is a cost of shipment for goods borne to the buyers by the sellers during buy and sell transaction. Shopee provides the free shipping XTRA program to ease the burden on customers who are concerned about the total purchase price of goods plus the shipping costs they have to pay. Terms and conditions are applied to get free shipping, one of the criteria that shall be fulfilled by the buyer to get free shipping coupon is using a particular payment method. For customers who do not use required payment method by Shopee, this, they won’t get free shipping. This research is to learn administerial practice of free shipping only by particular payment method on Shopee platform and its relevance with Islamic legal status. The researcher used descriptive qualitative research method by using source of data earn directly from the field (field research) through the site of Shopee an interview results. The researcher carried out interview to Shopee users as sellers and buyers parties. All source data that were obtained by the researcher were re-educated, presented, and concluded in the form of narration. The result of the research are one, there were 3 things regarding of the free shipping administration was only for particular payment method; a) Shopee requires specific payment method to be eligible for free shipping. b) There are terms and conditions other than payment methods. c) Administration fee borns to the sellers. Two, free shipping that buyers get are in accordance with the Islamic law. Shopee requires specific payment method to improve service usage of the payment method, provide security and convenient during transaction, practically it is similar with wakalah bil ujrah. Reward in the form of free shipping is earned based on the success of completing work by all criteria determined by Shopee party, in the Islamic law this practice is similar with ju’alah contract. The administration fee borns to the seller is to improve shop promise is in line with wakalah bil ujrah contract.

Mekanisme Pinjaman Kuota Darurat pada Provider Tri dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam Arif Nur Fauzi; Hendra Karunia Agustine; Eka Eka
AL-MASHALIH (Journal of Islamic Law) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): AL-MASHALIH (Journal of Islamic Law)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Husnul Khotimah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59270/mashalih.v6i2.348

Emergency Package is a service from Indosat Ooredoo Hutchison (including Tri) for prepaid users in the form of credit or quota paid during the next top-up, either all at once or in installments. This service is not a subscription. Tri users must first activate to purchase emergency quota through the Bima+ application. This service is subject to an administration fee and the quota is only valid for certain applications such as YouTube and Netflix, unlike regular quota. This study aims to determine the mechanism of emergency quota loan, legal status and relevance to Islamic Law. The author uses a qualitative research method by combining field research through interviews and library research from books and journals. Data collection techniques include literature studies, interviews, and documentation. As for the results of research: 1) The results show two problems in the Tri emergency quota mechanism through the Bima+ application. First, there is an additional fee so that the price of the emergency quota is more expensive than the regular quota. Second, the emergency quota is only valid for certain applications without the user's knowledge, creating ambiguity in the contract; 2) A review of Islamic law on the emergency quota loan mechanism on the Tri provider shows that the contract is closer to bai' bitsamanin muajjal (sale and purchase with deferred payment) than qardh (loan), because the customer receives the benefit first and pays later. The additional fee in this service has the potential to contain elements of riba nasi'ah, namely additional costs due to delayed payment, but is still considered valid because it meets the pillars and conditions of the sale and purchase. However, limiting the use of the quota to only certain applications without detailed explanation creates an element of gharar (ambiguity). Therefore, this mechanism is not fully in accordance with sharia principles because it leads to a fasid sale and purchase, namely a transaction that is valid according to the contract but contains defects in its conditions or pillars according to Islamic law.

Praktik Sanda sebagai Akad Gadai dan Tinjauannya dalam Hukum Islam Mega Dini; Hendra Karunia Agustine; Eka
AL-MASHALIH (Journal of Islamic Law) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): AL-MASHALIH (Journal of Islamic Law)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Husnul Khotimah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59270/mashalih.v7i1.411

Sanda is a form of pawn transaction practiced by the community of Cinangka Village, Serang Regency, Banten Province. In this practice, the lender obtains benefits from the collateral pledged by the borrower while the debt remains unpaid. Furthermore, if the borrower fails to redeem the debt, the collateral in the form of agricultural land is transferred to the lender as debt settlement, resulting in a transfer of ownership. This study aims to analyze the mechanism of sanda as a pawn contract and examine its conformity with the principles of Islamic law. The research employs a qualitative method combining field research and library research. Data were collected through interviews, documentation, and literature studies from relevant books and scholarly articles. The findings reveal three main issues in the implementation of sanda. First, the absence of a clearly determined repayment period at the time of the contract. Second, the utilization of the pledged property by the lender without proportional compensation. Third, the provision that the collateral may be used as debt repayment if the borrower fails to settle the debt, even when the value of the collateral exceeds the amount owed. From the perspective of Islamic law, the practice of sanda is not fully consistent with the principles of rahn (Islamic pawn). The ambiguity regarding the repayment period contains elements of gharar (uncertainty), the utilization of collateral by the pledgee is impermissible when the benefits received are disproportionate to the costs incurred, and the transfer of ownership of the collateral as debt settlement contradicts the principle of justice because collateral serves merely as security for debt rather than as a means of repayment. Therefore, the practice of sanda in Cinangka Village requires adjustment to align with the principles of Islamic law.

Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Praktik Multiakad dalam Produk Tabungan Pendidikan Rusmalana; Hendra Karunia Agustine
AL-MASHALIH (Journal of Islamic Law) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): AL-MASHALIH (Journal of Islamic Law)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Husnul Khotimah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59270/mashalih.v7i1.413

The multi-contract (multiakad) approach has become one of the methods used to develop products in Islamic banking. This practice stems from innovation as a form of ijtihad in muamalah transactions currently implemented in the industry. One Islamic banking product applying the multi-contract concept is the educational savings scheme at Bank Syariah Indonesia, Kuningan Sub-Branch Office (BSI KCP Kuningan). The issue, however, is that the permissibility of multi-contracts is not without limits; certain boundaries must be observed to avoid elements of riba (usury), gharar (uncertainty), and maisir (gambling). This study aimed to examine the multi-contract mechanism within BSI KCP Kuningan’s educational savings product and to review it from the perspective of Islamic law. Employing a qualitative field research design, data were collected through interviews with bank staff and documentation from brochures and articles. The data were then reduced, displayed, and concluded in narrative form. The findings revealed two key points. First, the multi-contract practice in this product involves two contracts with opposing motives: a mudharabah muthlaqah contract, which is business-oriented, and a tabarru contract, representing social (non-commercial) insurance protection. Second, the Islamic legal review indicates that the multi-contract structure in this educational savings product does not fully comply with fiqh muamalah provisions.

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