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Glady I. Rambert
Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Description of SGOT and SGPT Levels in Pregnant Women with Confirmed COVID-19 Clara V. I. Ponto; Glady I. Rambert; Mayer F. Wowor
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.37836

Abstract

Abstract: Physiological changes that occur during pregnancy cause pregnant women to become more susceptible to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 that could cause liver disorders. This study aimed to determine the overview of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels in pregnant women with COVID-19 This was a descriptive study with a retrospective approach using secondary data in the form of patient medical records at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital in the period of July-August 2021. The results showed that based on the SGOT level among the second trimester patients, 1 patient (50%) had an increased SGOT in the range of 27-54 U/L and 1 patient (50%) had normal SGOT levels (<27 U/L). Among the third trimester patients, 15 patients (31%) had increased SGOT in the range of 26-53 U/L, 9 patients (18%) with increased SGOT >52 U/L, and 25 patients (51%) had normal SGOT. Based on SGPT levels among the second trimester patients, both patients (100%) had normal SGPT (<35 U/L), while in the third trimester patients, 4 patients (8%) had increased SGPT in the range of 29-58 U/L, 4 patients (8%) had increased SGPT >58 U/L, and 41 patients (84%) had normal SGPT (<29 U/L). In conclusion, most of the patients had normal SGOT and SGPT levels. There were more patients with increased SGOT than those with increased SGPT.Keywords: COVID-19; pregnant women; SGOT; SGPT Abstrak: Perubahan fisiologis yang terjadi selama kehamilan menyebabkan wanita hamil lebih mudah terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 dan mengalami gangguan pada hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) pada wanita hamil terkonfirmasi COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medik pasien di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode Juli-Agustus 2021. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan distribusi nilai SGOT pada pasien trimester II, didapatkan 1 pasien (50%) mengalami peningkatan SGOT pada rentang 27-54 U/L dan 1 pasien (50%) memiliki nilai SGOT normal, yaitu <27 U/L. Pada pasien trimester III, terdapat 15 pasien (31%) yang mengalami peningkatan SGOT pada rentang 26-52 U/L, 9 pasien (18%) dengan peningkatan nilai SGOT >52 U/L, dan 25 pasien (51%) memiliki nilai SGOT normal, yaitu <26 U/L. Pada distribusi nilai SGPT pasien trimester II, kedua pasien (100%) memiliki nilai SGPT normal, yaitu <35 U/L, sedangkan pada pasien trimester III, terdapat 4 pasien (8%) yang mengalami peningkatan SGPT pada rentang 29-58 U/L, 4 pasien (8%) mengalami peningkatan SGPT >58 U/L, dan 41 pasien (84%) memiliki nilai SGPT normal, yaitu <29 U/L. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar pasien memiliki SGOT dan SGPT normal. Pasien yang mengalami peningkatan SGOT lebih banyak daripada pasien yang mengalami peningkatan SGPT.Kata kunci: COVID-19; wanita hamil; SGOT; SGPT
Overview of Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Pregnancy with COVID-19 in 2019-2020 in Several Asian Countries Nathanael T. Tarore; Mayer F. Wowor; Glady I. Rambert
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.37840

Abstract

Abstract: Pregnant women are vulnerable to be infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) due to changes in the anatomy and physiology of the body. Mortality of pregnant women differs by country and can be affected by risk factors. This study aimed to determine the risk factors and outcome of pregnant women with COVID-19 in several Asian countries. This was a literature review study using three databases namely Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The keywords were “Maternal” OR “Pregnancy” OR “Pregnancies” AND “COVID-19” OR “Coronavirus Disease 2019” AND “Outcome” AND “Risk Factor”. Overall, the most common risk factors were hypertension (10.6%), followed by hypothyroidism (8.1%), diabetes (7.7%), obesity (3.8%) and asthma (1.3%). The majority of patients were above 30 years of age and had gestational age at the 3rd trimester. As many as 70.5% of patients were asymptomatic and had only mild symptoms. Qualitatively, the highest mortality rates were found in Iran (4%), followed by Pakistan (2.1%), India (1.74%), Japan (1.3%), and Saudi Arabia (0.5%). Meanwhile, China, Kuwait, Singapore, and South Korea reported no deaths. In conclusion, the most common risk factor was hypertension and the most common clinical outcome was asymptomatic and had mild symptoms.Keywords: COVID-19; pregnant women; risk factor; clinical outcomes Abstrak: Wanita hamil merupakan kelompok rentan terinfeksi severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dikarenakan terjadinya perubahan anatomi dan fisiologik tubuh. Mortalitas wanita hamil berbeda pada tiap negara dan dapat dipengaruhi oleh fakor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor risiko dan luaran klinis kehamilan dengan COVID-19 pada beberapa negara Asia. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review dengan menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, Science Direct, dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan ialah “Maternal” OR “Pregnancy” OR “Pregnancies” AND “COVID-19” OR “Coronavirus Disease 2019” AND “Outcome” AND “Risk Factor” Secara keseleruhan faktor risiko yang terbanyak ialah hipertensi (10,6%), diikuti hipotiroid (8,1%), diabetes (7,7%), obesitas (3,8%), dan asma (1,3%). Mayoritas pasien berusia di atas 30 tahun dan usia kehamilan pada trimester 3. Sebanyak 70,5% pasien bermanifestasi asimtomatis dan bergejala ringan. Secara kualitatif angka mortalitias paling tinggi ditemukan di Iran (4%), diikuti Pakistan (2,1%), India (1,74%), Jepang (1,3%), dan Arab Saudi (0,5%). Cina, Kuwait, Singapura, dan Korea Selatan melaporkan tidak ada kasus kematian. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah faktor risiko yang paling umum ditemukan berupa hipertensi dan luaran klinis yang paling umum ditemukan berupa asimtomatis dan bergejala ringan.Kata kunci: COVID-19; wanita hamil; faktor risiko; luaran klinis
Description of Leucocyte Differential Count in Pregnant Women with COVID-19 Nabila Alifiah; Siemona L. E. Berhimpon; Glady I. Rambert
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v3i2.37841

Abstract

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a high rate of transmission. Pregnant women are at high risk of infection due to the changes in their physiological and immune systems. This study aimed to determine the leukocyte differential count leukocyte in pregnant women with COVID-19. This was a descriptive study with a retrospective approach, using secondary data of the patients’ medical records during the periode of July-August 2021 at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. The results showed that of 57 pregnant women with COVID-19, 92% had normal leukocyte differential count, 100% had normal basophil and eosinophil counts, 12% had neutrophilia, 23% had lymphopenia, and 95% had normal monocyte counts. In conclusion, in pregnant women with COVID-19 at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, the most common abnormalities in leucocyte differential count are lymphopenia and neutrophiliaKeywords: pregnant women; COVID-19; leukocyte differential count  Abstrak: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mempunyai tingkat penularan yang sangat tinggi. Wanita hamil berisiko tinggi terinfeksi COVID-19 karena adanya perubahan fisiologik dan sistem imun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran hitung jenis leukosit pada wanita hamil dengan COVID-19. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data sekunder rekam medik periode Juli-Agustus 2021 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dari 57 wanita hamil terkonfirmasi COVID-19, terdapat 92% dengan nilai hitung leukosit normal, 12% mengalami neutrofilia, 23% mengalami limfopenia, 95% memiliki nilai hitung monosit normal, dan 100% memiliki nilai hitung basofil dan eosinofil normal. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kelainan hitung jenis leukosit yang paling sering ditemukan pada wanita hamil terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou ialah neutrofilia dan limfopenia.Kata kunci: wanita hamil; COVID-19; hitung jenis leukosit
Gambaran Kadar C-Reactive Protein pada Penyakit Tidak Menular di Indonesia Fahrezi Isnul Muhammad; Siemona L. E Berhimpon; Glady I. Rambert
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v4i1.44684

Abstract

Abstract: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the main cause of death and disability worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to detect and treat as early as possible for each case of NCDs. C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the supporting tests that helps to detect and monitor the NCDs. This study aimed to analyze the literatures of C-reactive protein levels in several NCDs in Indonesia. This was a literature review study. The results obtained 15 articles with a total of nine discussed diseases, as follows: cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), colorectal cancer, injury, chronic kidney disease (CKD), obesity, rheumatological diseases, and epilepsy with depression. In several types of NCDs in Indonesia, there were increased CRP levels with a maximum value of 199.4 mg/L and a minimum of 0.02 mg/L in patients aged 18-60 years. In conclusion, CRP levels are increased in the reviewed NCD cases. Keywords: C-reactive protein; non-communicable diseases   Abstrak: Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) merupakan penyebab utama kematian dan kecacatan di dunia. Dibutuhkan deteksi, screening, dan terapi sedini mungkin untuk setiap kasus PTM. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) merupakan salah satu pemeriksaan penunjang yang membantu mendeteksi dan memonitoring PTM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kadar C-Reactive Protein pada beberapa penyakit tidak menular di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 15 artikel dengan total sembilan penyakit yang dibahas yaitu penyakit kardiovaskuler, hipertensi, diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2), kanker kolorektal, cedera, penyakit ginkal kronis (PGK), obesitas, penyakit reumatologi, serta epilepsi dan depresi. Pada beberapa tipe PTM di Indonesia terjadi peningkatan kadar CRP dengan nilai maksimum 199,4 mg/L dan minimum 0,02 mg/L untuk pasien dengan kisaran usia 18-60 tahun. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat peningkatan kadar CRP pada kasus penyakit tidak menular yang dikaji. Kata kunci: C-reactive protein; penyakit tidak menular
Gambaran Interleukin 6 dan Hepidin pada Penyakit Kronis yang Dapat Menyebabkan Anemia Natasya G. Rorimpandey; Glady I. Rambert; Mayer F. Wowor
Medical Scope Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Medical Scope Journal
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/msj.v5i1.45131

Abstract

Abstract: Anemia of chronic diseases is the second most common anemia after iron deficiency anemia. Hepcidin is a key factor that regulates iron metabolism, meanwhile interleukin 6 plays an important role in stimulating hepcidin mRNA. Chronic inflammation can stimulate macrophages to produce IL-6 and induce hepcidin, which will inhibit iron absorption in small intestine and also reduce iron release from macrophages resulting in anemia. This study aimed obtain the description of interleukin 6 and hepcidin in chronic diseases causing anemia inter alia tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This was a literature review using three databases namely PubMed, Google Scholar and Elsevier. The results obtained 15 literatures to be reviewed, consisting of three articles about tuberculosis, four articles about HIV, three articles about RA, three articles about IBD, dan two articles about SLE. Most literatures showed increased IL-6 and hepcidin levels, therefore, both could be used as diagnostic markers for anemia. Minimum and maximum levels that caused anemia in chronic diseases for IL-6 was 1.17-98.00 pg/ml and for hepcidin 0.5-228.1 ng/ml. In conclusion, in chronic diseases causing anemia, there are increases of IL-6 and hepcidin, therefore, they could be used as diagnostic markers for anemia. Keywords: interleukin 6; hepcidin; anemia of chronic diseases   Abstrak: Anemia pada penyakit kronik merupakan anemia kedua terbanyak setelah anemia defisiensi besi. Hepsidin merupakan faktor kunci yang mengatur metabolisme zat besi sedangkan interleukin 6 berperan penting dalam merangsang mRNA hepsidin. Inflamasi kronis dapat merangsang makrofag untuk memroduksi IL-6 dan menginduksi hepsidin, menghambat penyerapan besi di usus halus dan juga menurunkan pelepasan besi dari makrofag sehingga terjadi anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran interleukin 6 dan hepidin pada penyakit kronis yang dapat menyebabkan anemia, antara lain tuberkulosis, infeksi human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) dan systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Jenis penelitian ini ialah suatu literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga sumber database yaitu PubMed, Google Scholar dan Elsevier. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 15 literatur yang dilakukan review. Terdapat tiga artikel tentang tuberkulosis, empat artikel infeksi HIV, tiga artikel RA, tiga artikel IBD, dan dua artikel SLE. Sebagian besar literatur memperlihatkan peningkatan kadar IL-6 dan hepsidin sehingga keduanya dapat dijadikan penanda diagnostik anemia pada penyakit kronis. Nilai minimum dan maksimum IL-6 pada beberapa penyakit kronis yang dapat menyebabkan anemia ialah 1,17-98,00 pg/ml dan hepsidin 0,5-228,1 ng/ml. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pada penyakit kronis yang dapat menyebabkan anemia terdapat peningkatan kadar IL-6 dan hepsidin sehingga keduanya dapat dijadikan penanda diagnostik anemia. Kata kunci: interleukin 6; hepsidin; anemia penyakit kronis
Gambaran Faktor Risiko pada Wanita Hamil Trimester 3 yang Terkonfirmasi Positif SARS-CoV-2 Aurelia S. Posumah; Mayer F. Wowor; Glady I. Rambert
eBiomedik Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): eBiomedik
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/ebm.v9i2.31879

Abstract

Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are several groups that are susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV-2, one of which is pregnant women. This can be attributed to changes in the physiology and immune system that occur in pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the most risk factors that cause pregnant women in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou was infected with SARS-CoV-2. This type of research is descriptive with a retrospective approach, using secondary data in the form of data from the patient's medical record status. From 5 patients studied, there were 4 patients with risk factors for hypertension (80%) and 1 patient with close contact risk factors (20%), but other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, travel history in transmission areas, obesity and smoking are not found. In conclusion, from 5 patients studied, the most risk factor that causes pregnant women in the third trimester to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 is hypertension (80%).Keywords: 3rd trimester pregnant women, SARS-CoV-2, risk factor  Abstrak: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Terdapat beberapa kelompok yang rentan terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2, salah satunya wanita hamil. Hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan perubahan fisiologi dan sistem imunitas tubuh yang terjadi pada wanita hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif, yaitu menggunakan data sekunder berupa data dari status rekam medik pasien. Dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, didapatkan 4 pasien dengan faktor risiko hipertensi (80%) dan 1 pasien dengan faktor risiko kontak erat (20%), namun pada faktor risiko lain seperti diabetes melitus, riwayat perjalanan di daerah transmisi, obesitas dan merokok tidak ditemukan. Sebagai simpulan, dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil trimester 3 terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 adalah hipertensi (80%).Kata Kunci: wanita hamil trimester 3, SARS-CoV-2, faktor risiko
Co-Authors Aurelia S. Posumah Clara V. I. Ponto Fahrezi Isnul Muhammad Mayer F. Wowor Nabila Alifiah Natasya G. Rorimpandey Nathanael T. Tarore Siemona L. E Berhimpon Siemona L. E. Berhimpon