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All Journal Resital: Jurnal Seni Pertunjukan (Journal of Performing Arts) International Journal of Cultural and Art Studies (IJCAS)
Ricky Nelson, Ricky
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Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Music Transformation of Gondrang Sipitu-pitu in Simalungun Community Nelson, Ricky; Purba, Mauly; Ginting, Pulumun Peterus
Resital: Jurnal Seni Pertunjukan Vol 26, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Institut Seni Indonesia Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24821/resital.v26i1.15410

Abstract

This study investigates the transformation and adaptation processes of gondrang sipitu-pitu music within Simalungun society in response to social, cultural, and technological dynamics. Originally serving as a medium for ritual and spiritual communication in the context of Simalungun customs, gondrang sipitu-pitu has undergone significant changes in its musical structure, social function, and performance style due to the influence of religion, modernization, and external cultural forces. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, drawing upon Margaret Kartomi theory of transformation and adaptation, Jeff Todd Titon theory of musical style, and William F. Ogburn theory of socio-cultural change. The findings reveal that although modern instruments have begun to challenge the dominance of traditional ones, key musical elements such as rhythm, sarunei melodies, and ensemble structure remain preserved. The emerging musical style reflects the creative adaptation of traditional artists to contemporary performance contexts. However, this transformation is also accompanied by critical issues, including the erosion of sacred meaning, the influence of modern aesthetic pressures, and the commodification of local culture. The shift from sacred ritual to popular entertainment raises concerns regarding the authenticity and sustainability of cultural values. Thus, this transformation must be understood not merely as an adaptive process, but as a contested arena of meaning, identity, and cultural power within Simalungun society.
Changes in the structure and style of gondrang in Simalungun musical tradition Nelson, Ricky
International Journal of Culture and Art Studies Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Culture and Art Studies (IJCAS)
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/ijcas.v9i2.20877

Abstract

Gondrang is one of the most important musical ensembles in the Simalungun tradition, originally serving as sacred accompaniment in ritual contexts, particularly funerary ceremonies. Previous studies have largely focused on the social and cultural transformations of Gondrang, while the specific changes in its musical structure and style have not been analyzed in depth. This study aims to describe and analyze the internal musical changes of Gondrang, including its instrumentation, rhythmic organization, ensemble formation, melodic orientation, ornamentation, and performance expression. Employing a qualitative ethnomusicological approach, the research is based on observation of performances, interviews with musicians and cultural elders, and audio-visual documentation. The results show that Gondrang has experienced structural changes such as the addition of modern instruments and flexible ensemble settings, and stylistic changes including faster tempos, melodic expansion, ornamented improvisation, and more expressive performance gestures. Despite these changes, core rhythmic patterns and symbolic identity have been preserved. This study contributes to ethnomusicology by highlighting the internal dynamics of musical change, showing how Gondrang adapts to modern contexts while maintaining its cultural essence.
Co-Authors Mauly Purba, Mauly Pulumun Peterus Ginting