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All Journal Medula Jurnal Agromedicine Unila: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Agromedicine
Shinta Nareswari
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Dentistry Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Journal : Medula

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HIV stadium IV on ARV, Tuberculosis Paru dan Gizi Buruk Tipe Marasmus pada Anak Perempuan 10 tahun: Laporan Kasus Anniza Agustina; Kinanti Rahmadita; Shinta Nareswari
Medula Vol 12 No 4 (2022): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v12i4.539

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection remains a global problem, with nearly 38 million people infected worldwide. Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection found in HIV patients. Malnutrition in children with HIV infection can be caused by various factors such as individual factors, namely the absorption and metabolism disorders of children. Reported a 10-year-old girl with complaints of fever, cough and weight loss. The patient has been diagnosed with HIV since 4 years ago. The HIV status of both parents is unknown. History of contact with adult TB, namely the patient's father. Physical examination found multiple submental and submandibular lymph nodes (KGB) measuring 1x1cm palpable soft. On auscultation of the lungs there were crackles in both lung fields. Nutritional status of malnourished patients with marasmus type. AP chest x-ray examination revealed a primary impression of TB. The medical therapy given was continuing antiretroviral drugs (tenofovir, lamivudine, and evapirenz), D5¼NS fluids 1200cc/day, antibiotics ceftriaxone 1.2g/24 hours, antipyretic paracetamol syrup 3x7.5ml, folic acid 1x5mg on the first day and 1x1mg on the next day, Vitamin C 2x50mg, vitamin B complex 1 tablet per day and salbutamol 3x1,5mg. Pulmonary TB was treated with rifampin 200 mg/day, isoniazid 140 mg/day, ethambutol 300 mg/day, and pyrazinamide 500 mg/day. Non-medical therapy in the form of oral nutrition, namely rice, side dishes, and milk with a total calorie of 55kcal/kgBW/day.
Obesitas pada Anak : Penyebab dan Konsekuensi Jangka Panjang Ananda Fitriliani; Bayu Anggileo Pramesona; Shinta Nareswari
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.605

Abstract

Obesity in children has reached epidemic levels in both developed and developing countries. Overweight and obesity in childhood are known to have a significant impact on physical and psychological health. Overweight and obese children tend to be obese into adulthood and are more likely to develop non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease at a younger age. The mechanism of obesity is not fully understood and is believed to be a disorder with various causes. In general, overweight and obesity are assumed to result from increased calorie and fat intake. On the other hand, there is supporting evidence that excessive sugar intake through soft drinks, an increase in portion size, and a steady decline in physical activity play a major role in the increase in obesity rates worldwide. Child obesity can greatly affect children's physical, social and emotional well-being, and self-confidence. It is also associated with poor academic performance and a lower quality of life experienced by children. Many comorbid conditions such as metabolic, cardiovascular, orthopedic, neurological, hepatic, pulmonary, and renal disorders have also been seen to be associated with childhood obesity. The growing problem of childhood obesity can be slowed, if society focuses on its causes. Overweight and obesity cannot be solved through individual actions alone. A comprehensive response is needed to create a healthy environment that can support individuals in making healthy choices based on knowledge and skills related to health and nutrition. This response requires government commitment and leadership, long-term investment, and whole-of-society engagement to protect children's right to good health and well-being. Progress can be made if all actors remain committed to working together towards the common goal of ending childhood obesity. This literature review discusses obesity in children by explaining what risk factors influence and long-term consequences for children.
Co-Authors Ananda Fitriliani Anniza Agustina Azzahra Gadis Junita Perdana Bayu Anggileo Pramesona Kinanti Rahmadita