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All Journal FIAT JUSTISIA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Journal of Law, Society, and Islamic Civilization
Meliza Meliza
Universitas Terbuka
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Halal Certification and Trademark for Consumer Protection in Indonesian Micro-Enterprises Deviana Yuanitasari; Meliza Meliza; Agus Suwandono; Muhammadafefee Assalihee
Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 19 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v19no4.4529

Abstract

Halal certification and trademark registration are key legal instruments for strengthening consumer trust in Muslim-majority markets such as Indonesia. For micro-enterprises, they function not only as regulatory compliance mechanisms but also as strategic tools for brand differentiation and market expansion. This study examines the legal frameworks governing halal certification under Law No. 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance and trademark protection under Law No. 20 of 2016 on Marks and Geographical Indications, using a normative juridical approach complemented by qualitative interviews with selected micro-entrepreneurs. The findings show that integrating halal certification and trademark registration generates dual consumer trust based on religious assurance and brand authenticity. However, bureaucratic complexity, limited legal literacy, and cost barriers constrain adoption. The study therefore recommends streamlining procedures, strengthening outreach, and providing targeted financial support to promote broader compliance, consumer protection, and inclusive economic growth.
Keabsahan Jual Beli Hak Atas Tanah Kepada Warga Negara Asing (WNA) Meliza Meliza; Bintang Parashtheo
Journal of Law, Society, and Islamic Civilization Vol 14, No 1: April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jolsic.v14i1.117425

Abstract

This study seeks to examine the legal validity of transactions involving the sale and purchase of land rights by foreign nationals in Indonesia, as well as to identify the legal problems that frequently arise in practice. Indonesia’s national land law, especially Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles, provides that ownership rights in the form of freehold title are reserved exclusively for Indonesian citizens, whereas foreign nationals may only obtain more limited forms of land rights, such as rights of use or rights acquired through certain legal entities in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. Nevertheless, in practice, attempts by foreign nationals to control land are still carried out through nominee arrangements, simulated transactions, and the misuse of legal entities. This research employs an empirical legal method with a socio-legal approach, viewing law as both a normative system and a social reality. The study was conducted in Bali Province, an area characterized by high levels of foreign investment and tourism activity. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with officials of the National Land Agency (BPN), Notaries/Land Deed Officials (PPAT), and other relevant parties, as well as field observations. Secondary data were collected through library research consisting of statutory regulations, court decisions, books, and scientific journals. All data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method. The findings indicate that nominee arrangements and other forms of legal circumvention are contrary to the nationality principle in agrarian law and fail to satisfy the lawful cause requirement under contract law, rendering such transactions potentially null and void. In addition, weak administrative supervision, misuse of zoning regulations, and limited public understanding of land ownership restrictions for foreign nationals remain significant concerns. Therefore, stronger supervision, improved inter-agency coordination, and more effective legal education are necessary to ensure legal certainty and to protect national interests in the land sector.
Co-Authors Agus Suwandono Bintang Parashtheo Deviana Yuanitasari Hanif Hardianto Madina Dzakkiyyah Chairunnisa Megafury Apriandhini Muhammadafefee Assalihee Nadia Nurani Isfarin Seno Wibowo Gumbira