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Dental student’s perception to Aesthetic Component of IOTN and demand for orthodontic treatment Wees Kaolinni; Thalca Hamid; Ervina R. Winoto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: The aims of orthodontic treatment are to achieve the best interdigitation in centric occlusion in relation with good facial aesthetic and to get a pleasant dento-facial looked with good function as well. Nowadays, people who are seeking orthodontic treatment to fulfill those need come to orthodontist, mostly for aesthetic reason, for good teeth arrangement that will be more aesthetically favorable. However, not all people with malocclusion seek the orthodontic treatment due to the fact, they do not realize that they have orthodontic problem. On the other hand, some other feel they need orthodontic treatment but they can not afford it. Purpose: To determine the knowledge of malocclusion and demand for orthodontic treatment in related to Aesthetic Component (AC) IOTN. Methods: The samples were 107 college students of Faculty of Dentistry Airlangga University divided into two as 1st and 7th semester group. Both of the groups were given questionnaire about their knowledge of malocclusion and demand of orthodontic treatment. Then, they were asked to examine themselves using AC IOTN, then researcher and orthodontist examine them. Results: There was a significant difference on knowledge of malocclusion between both groups, no significant difference on demand of orthodontic treatment between both groups, and no correlation between demand and AC IOTN in both groups. There was a significant difference in AC IOTN score examined by respondent, researcher and orthodontist. Conclusion: Knowledge of malocclusion was not the only factor that determines demand of orthodontic treatment.Latar belakang: Tujuan perawatan ortodonti adalah untuk mendapatkan hubungan interdigitasi yang baik berhubungan dengan penampilan estetik wajah untuk mendapatkan fungsi dan penampilan dento-fasial yang baik. Saat ini, banyak orang mencari perawatan ortodonti untuk memenuhi kebutuhan fungsi dan penampilan. Tujuannya adalah susunan gigi yang rata yang lebih dapat diterima secara estetik. Namun, tidak semua orang dengan maloklusi mencari perawatan ortodonti, karena sebagian dari mereka tidak menyadari bahwa mereka memiliki masalah ortodonti, sedangkan sebagian lainnya merasa mereka membutuhkan perawatan ortodonti tetapi tidak bisa membiayainya. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan maloklusi dan demand perawatan ortodonti dengan Aesthetic Component (AC) IOTN. Metode: Sampel adalah 107 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Airlangga yang dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok, semester 1 dan semester 7. Kedua kelompok kemudian diberi kuesioner tentang pengetahuan maloklusi dan demand perawatan ortodonti. Kemudian responden diminta untuk menilai diri mereka sendiri menggunakan AC IOTN, setelah itu responden dinilai peneliti dan ortodontis. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan maloklusi yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok, tidak ada perbedaan demand perawatan ortodonti yang signifikan pada kedua kelompok, tidak ada hubungan antara demand dan AC IOTN pada kedua kelompok. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada skor AC IOTN yang diperiksa oleh responden, peneliti dan ortodontis. Simpulan: Pengetahuan maloklusi bukan satu-satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi demand perawatan ortodonti.

Shear strength of orthodontic bracket bonding with GIC bonding agent after the application of CPP-ACPF paste Melisa Budipramana; Thalca Hamid; Sianiwati Goenharto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: White spot lesion is a major problem during fixed orthodontic treatment. This problem can be solved by minimizing white spot lesion before the treatment and using a fluoride-releasing bonding agent. The application of casein phosphopeptidesamorphous calcium phospate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) paste as remineralization agent before treatment and GIC as orthodontic bonding agent is expected to overcome this problem as well as to strengthen GIC bonding. Purpose: To measure the shear strength of fix orthodontic appliance using GIC bonding with CPP-ACPF application prior treatment. Methods: In this study, 50 extracted premolars were randomly divided into 2 groups: group 1 as treatment group and group II as control group that was not given CPPACPF pretreatment. After having been cut and put into acrylic device, the samples in group I were given pretreatment with CPP-ACPF paste on enamel surface for 2 minutes twice a day as instructed in product label for 14 days. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with GIC bonding agent on all samples in both groups as instructed in product label. Then, the shear strength was measured by Autograph Shimatzu with crosshead speed 0.5 mm/minute. The data was analyzed with Independent t-test. Results: The mean shear bond strength in treatment group was 19.22 ± 4.04 MPa and in control group was 12.97 ± 3.97 MPa. Independent t-test analysis showed that there was a significant difference between treatment and control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: CPP-ACPF pretreatment could increase GIC orthodontic bonding shear strength.Latar belakang: Lesi putih karies merupakan masalah utama selama perawatan dengan peranti cekat ortodonti. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan cara mengurangi lesi putih sebelum perawatan dengan menggunakan bahan bonding yang mengandung fluorida. Aplikasi pasta casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phospate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) sebagai bahan remineralisasi sebelum perawatan dan bahan bonding GIC diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah ini sekaligus menambah kekuatan cekat bahan bonding GIC. Tujuan: Mengukur kekuatan geser piranti cekat ortodonti menggunakan bonding GIC dengan aplikasi pasta CPP-ACPF. Metode: 50 gigi premolar dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok I sebagai kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok II sebagai kelompok kontrol. Setelah gigi dipotong dan ditanam dalam tabung akrilik, diaplikasikan pasta CPP-ACPF pada permukaan enamel sampel pada kelompok I selama 2 menit 2 kali sehari selama 14 hari. Aplikasi pasta CPP-ACPF tidak dilakukan pada kelompok kontrol. Kemudian breket ortodonti direkatkan dengan bahan bonding GIC pada semua sampel di kelompok I dan kelompok II. Kekuatan geser diukur dengan menggunakan alat Autograph Shimatzu dengan kecepatan cross head 0.5 mm/menit. Data dianalisis dengan statistik independent t-test. Hasil: Rerata kekuatan geser pada kelompok perlakuan 19,22 ± 4,04 MPa dan pada kelompok kontrol 12,97 ± 3,97 MPa. Analisis Independent t-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol (p<0.05). Kesimpulan: Kekuatan geser antara piranti cekat ortodonti dengan bahan bonding GIC meningkat setelah aplikasi pasta CPP-ACPF.

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-8 gene in fixed orthodontic patients Susilowati Susilowati; Mansjur Nasir; Imam Mudjari; Thalca Hamid
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 1 (2011): March 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance produces structural and biochemical changes and breaking the balance between the synthesis and the breakdown of the collagen in the periodontium. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) plays an important role in the remodeling of periodontal ligament during orthodontic movement. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to observe the expression of MMP-8 gene in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of fixed orthodontic patients. It is expexted that the result can be used as a reference to decide the proper time for elastomeric chain to be reactivated. Methods: Orthodontic fixed appliances were placed on 8 patients and elastomeric chains exerting 75 grams were attached to produce canine distalization. GCF samples were collected from the distal side of upper canines before force application, 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4 weeks after application consecutively. The samples were analyzed by using RT-PCR. Statistical analyses used were univariate analysis and Mann-WhitneyU test. Results: The expression of MMP-8 in the GCF at t0 was 31.3% but the force application elevated its expression to 65.6% at t1, and then decreased continously at t2, t3, and t4. There was no statistically significant difference of MMP-8 gene expression between t0 and t3. Conclusion: The highest level of MMP-8 gene expression due to orthodontic forces was occured in the first week, but it declined continously in the following weeks. The proper time to reactivate an elastomeric chain was 3 weeks after application.Latar belakang: Perawatan ortodontik dengan peranti cekat menghasilkan perubahan-perubahan stuktural dan biokimiawi pada jaringan periodontal dan mengganggu keseimbangan antara sintesis dan pemecahan kolagen pada periodonsium. Matrix metalloproteinase-8MMP-8 memainkan peran yang penting dalam remodeling ligamentum periodontal selama pergerakan gigi ortodontik. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengamati ekspresi gen MMP-8 dalam cairan krevikuler gingiva (GCF) dari pasien ortodontik cekat. Diharapkan bahwa hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk menentukan waktu yang paling tepat untuk mengaktivasi kembali rantai elastomer. Metode: Peranti ortodontik cekat dipasang pada 8 pasien dan rantai elastomer dengan kekuatan 75 gram dipasang untuk menarik gigi kaninus ke distal. Sampel GCF dikumpulkan dari bagian distal gigi kaninus atas berturut-turut sebelum aplikasi gaya, 1-, 2-, 3-, dan 4 minggu setelah aplikasi. Sampel dianalisis dengan menggunakan RT-PCR. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan uji Mann-Whitney U. Hasil: Ekspresi gen MMP-8 di dalam GCF pada t0 adalah 31.3%, tetapi pemberian tekanan menaikkan ekspresinya menjadi 65,6% pada t1 dan kemudian menurun secara kontinyu pada t2, t3, dan t4. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik antara ekspresi gen MMP-8 pada to dan t3. Kesimpulan: Tingkat ekspresi tertinggi dari gen MMP-8 akibat tekanan ortodontik terjadi pada minggu pertama, tetapi kemudian menurun pada minggu-minggu berikutnya. Waktu yang paling tepat untuk mengaktivasi kembali rantai elastomer adalah 3 minggu setelah aplikasi.

Treatment results evaluation using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need Thalca Hamid
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 42 No. 4 (2009): December 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: The use of orthodontic indices were increasingly popular in the last few years. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) usually was used to assess the needs and demand of orthodontic treatment, eventhough, indices can be used for more than one purpose. Purpose: To determine whether the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) could be able to evaluate the treatment results as well. Method: Data was obtained by evaluating each of 202 study models from 17 Orthodontic Postgraduate students. The ‘before’ and ‘after’ treatment models were assessed, using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. Result: Using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, the assessment of Dental Health Component (DHC) and Aesthetic Component (AC), before and after orthodontic treatment showed significantly differences from each others (p : 0,000 < α : 0.05). The Null hypothesis were rejected. The grade of DHC and AC were decreasing to a better score. Conclusion: The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) could be used to assess the orthodontic treatment outcomes, to evaluate before and after orthodontic treatment of the patients. The results of the treatment showed good improvements of dentofacial appearance of the patients which means the successful achievement of the clinical works programs.

The severity and direction prevalence rate of patients with a mandible deviation compared to Cobb’s angle Kimberly Clarissa Oetomo; I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani; Thalca Hamid; Komang Agung Irianto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 54 No. 2 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i2.p74-77

Background: Patients with mandible deviation often have idiopathic scoliosis, which might affect the result of orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment. Orthodontic treatment not only focuses on aesthetic and functional but also orthopaedic stability. A thorough examination is needed to obtain orthopaedic stability by evaluating the occlusion and posture to establish the best strategy of treatment and interdisciplinary approach. Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the correlation between mandible deviation and idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. From 60 samples, 35 patients were chosen based on the inclusion criteria of the total sampling technique. Patients were referred to have skull posteroanterior (PA) and a thoracolumbar PA radiograph taken. Skull PA radiographs were analysed with Grummon’s method using the Orthovision program. Cobb’s angle analysis was used by the radiologist to analyse the thoracolumbar PA radiographs. The data gathered was then further analysed using the Spearman test and the Crosstabs test, using SPSS 23.0. Results: Correlation between mandible deviation and the severity of idiopathic scoliosis is not significant (p=0.866). The direction prevalence of mandible deviation towards Cobb’s angle is 54.3% to the right and 45.7% to the left. All patients with mandible deviation have Cobb’s angle. Conclusion: There is no correlation between mandible deviation and the severity of idiopathic scoliosis. However, many cases showed that the direction of mandible deviation and of idiopathic scoliosis is the same.

Comparison of Tungsten Carbide and Arkansas Stone For Adhesive Removal On Enamel Surface After Debonding Procedure Noviyanti Putri, Aditya Kartika; Hamid, Thalca; Triwardhani, Ari
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Background: Debonding aims to remove orthodontic appliances from the patient's teeth and cleanse all residual adhesive material on the surface of the tooth to restore surface conditions such as before orthodontic treatment. Damage may occur after debonding process. Removal of the remaining adhesive material has a major effect on the enamel surface conditions, the researcher wants to know the effect of cleaning adhesive material using Tungsten carbide 12 flute burs, Arkansas stone bur on the enamel surface Purpose: To determine the effect of cleaning the remaining adhesive material using Tungsten carbide 12 flute burs and Arkansas stone bur Against the Surface of the Enamel. Method: This study was experimental laboratory (in vitro study) with 4 groups division, first control group was tooth before bracket was installed, group 2 was done debonding without cleaning of residual adhesive, group 3 was done adhesive cleansing with Arkansas stone and group 4 was done adhesive cleaning with tungsten carbide 12-flutted Result: Showing that the use of 12-flutted tungsten carbide was able to clean enamel surfaces with the most delicate results and did not cause cracks or cracks on enamel surface Conclusions: The best method to clean the remaining adhesive is using 12-flutted tungsten carbide bur using contra angle high speed and with adequate water flow and sprays to prevent increasing of temperature that damage dental pup.

Analysis of Soft Tissue Cephalometry in Skeletal Class I with Post Operation Unilateral and Bilateral CLP Fitrianto, Ardan; Hamid, Thalca; Narmada, Ida Bagus
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Background: Facial appearance is an important diagnostic criterion that must be considered in orthodontics treatment plan. Orthodontics treatment is one of the dental treatments to prevent or correct tooth position abnormalities so that optimal function can be achieved including occlusion, proportional arrangement of the teeth and facial profile, as well as the harmony of facial profiles. Common facial abnormality cases include cleft lip and palate. Cleft lip and palate are caused by congenital defects and environmental factors. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine post-operative soft tissue cephalometric analysis of skeletal class I with post-operative of unilateral and bilateral CLP. Methods: This was a descriptive observational study. The subjects were secondary data from radiographic cephalometry obtained from the CLP Center Premier Hospital Surabaya and Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital. Result: There was a significant difference in line angle parameters in both groups with a significant value of 0.002 (p <0.05). There were also significant differences in the Li-H line parameters in both groups with a significant value of 0.000 (p <0.05). There were H line angle and Li-H line differences in soft tissue cephalometric analysis between skeletal class I group with post-operative unilateral and bilateral CLP group. Conclusion: There was no difference in soft tissue cephalometric analysis between the post-operative of unilateral CLP and bilateral CLP on all parameters.

The Effect of Combination of Soy Milk and Calcium in Orthodontic Tooth Movements on Female Rats With Estrogen Deficiency Ramadhani, Vanda; Narmada, Ida bagus; Hamid, Thalca
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Background: Orthodontic treatments in elderly patients are influenced by hormonal changes and their effects on the process and prognosis of the treatment. Estrogen deficiency in the post-menopausal period results in bone loss. The process of bone remodeling during Orthodontic treatment for elderly patients is also influenced by the balance of resorption and bone formation processes. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of soymilk combination calcium on orthodontic tooth movement in female rats with estrogen deficiency. Methods: Twenty rats were divided into 5 groups with 4 samples for each group. All samples were performed bilateral ovariectomy. The control group (K) was observed on day 0, P1 group was observed on day 7, P2 group was observed on day 14, P3 group was observed on day 7, and P4 group was observed on day 14. NiTi closed coil spring was placed between the incisor and maxillary molars to move the molars toward the mesial. Osterix and ALP expression were analyzed using SPSS program. Results: The results showed that the highest number of osteoblasts, Osterix and ALP expression was found from the group soy milk and calcium intake in 14 days observation (P4) with a mean ± SD Osterix: 15.75 ± 0.2600, and ALP with a value of 12.60 ± 1,220. Conclusion: Soy milk combination calcium has a very good effect to balance the hormonal condition and bone remodelling for elderly patient or menopause, maintaining bone stability and density during orthodontic treatment.

Benefits and Risks of Orthodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review Hamid, Thalca; Triwardhani, Ari; Wardhana, Louis Krisna
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v5i1.2022.18-26

Background: Malocclusion is one of the main problems of oral and dental health, ranked third after caries and periodontal diseases. In Asian population, the percentage of class II and III Angle malocclusion is 21.42% and 5.76% respectively. Thus, orthodontic treatment is still needed by the people. However, not every patient knows the potential risks that orthodontic treatment, and whether the treatment will bring them benefits they want to achieve. Purpose: this study aimed to describe benefits and risks of orthodontic treatment on the patient and operator through scooping review. Review(s): The search of literatures show that orthodontic treatment increases patient's oral health related quality of life, reducing the risk of traumatic dental injuries in children with large overjet, and reducing the incident of muscle tenderness, and myofascial pain. However, orthodontic treatment poses the risk of damage to the teeth, oral and mucosal pain, speech problems, allergic reactions, and orthodontics relapse. Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment can provide benefits to patients' oral health related quality of life, as well as reducing the incidence of temporomandibular disorder and traumatic dental injuries in children with large overjet. But these benefits must outweigh the risks that can occur in the patient such as teeth damage, oral and mucosal pain, speech problems, allergic reactions, and the probability of relapse must also be minimized.

Comparison of arch length and width in the angle Class II malocclusion with extraction and non-extraction in the Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga Hamid, Thalca; Adhim, Muhammad Fauzan; Alida, Alida
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijdm.v7i2.2024.57-59

Background: Depending on the disparity seen, orthodontic treatments frequently take into account the possibility of tooth extraction or non-extraction. Class II Angle malocclusion cases are the specific emphasis of this study, whereas Class I Angle malocclusion patients were the focus of earlier research. Purpose: Examining how tooth extraction and non-extraction therapies affect arch length in patients with Class II Angle malocclusion is the goal. Method: Arch length was measured using pre- and post-treatment models of individuals with Class II Angle malocclusion who had extraction and nonextraction treatments. To find out if there were any notable variations, the collected data was analyzed. Results: The maxillary and mandibular arch lengths in the extraction group were significantly different before and after orthodontic treatment (p<0.05). Likewise, the the widths of the mandibular and maxillary arches before and after orthodontic treatment were significantly different (p<0.05). The maximum and arch length in the non-extraction group had a signifiant different before and after orthodontic treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: the sagittal arch length decreased in both extraction and nonextraction treatments, the arch width decreased in extraction treatments, and the arch width increased in non-extraction treatments. In patients with Class II malocclusion, there are notable changes in the sagittal arch width and length before and after orthodontic treatment, whether extraction or non-extraction. Compared to the non-extraction treatment group, the extraction treatment group experienced more substantial alterations in sagittal arch length and width.

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