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All Journal METAMORFOSA Journal of Biological Sciences JSMARTech : Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology
Luh Made Ary Somia Vagestini
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) Merah dan Cokelat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Luh Made Ary Somia Vagestini; Retno Kawuri; Made Ria Defiani
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol 10 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2023.v10.i01.p17

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is known as bacteria that often cause respiratory tract disease in Indonesia. These bacteria are known to have developed resistance to several antibiotics. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of red ketapang leaves and brown ketapang leaves on the growth of S.aureus bacteria, determine the MIC of the two extracts, and determine the class of compounds in the extracts. The research method used includes sample extraction using the maceration method with 96% ethanol as solvent. The antibacterial activity test of the extract was carried out at concentrations of 20%, 15%, 10%, and 5% (w/v) with the disc diffusion method on Nutrient Agar media, and qualitative phytochemical tests were carried out. The results showed that the difference in leaf color affected the inhibition of S. aureus bacteria. The best inhibition was obtained at a concentration of 20% (w/v) red ketapang extract with an inhibition zone diameter of 13.67±0.76 mm. The results of the MIC test showed that the MIC value of the red ketapang extract was obtained at a concentration of 5% (w/v) with an inhibitory power of 1.47±0.25 mm and the cocoa bean leaf extract was obtained at a concentration of 10% (w/v) with the diameter of the inhibition zone. 1.73±0.25mm. The phytochemical test of the extracts showed that both extracts contained alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids, but terpenoid compounds were only found in the red ketapang leaf extract. Keywords: secondary metabolites, MIC, resistance, ketapang leaf color.
Antifungal Potential of Ethanol Extract of Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L) Leaves in Inhibiting the Growth of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Active Compound Profile Luh Made Ary Somia Vagestini; A.A.S.A Sukmaningsih, Retno Kawuri; Insani, Dinda Nur Malik
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
Publisher : JSMARTech

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.46

Abstract

Candida albicans is a pathogenic fungus that causes candidiasis and has developed resistance to several antifungal drugs. Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) leaves contain active compounds with antimicrobial properties which can developed as an alternative antifungal agents. This study aimed to analyze the antifungal activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanol extract of ketapang leaves against C. albicans ATCC 10231 and identify its active compounds. Antifungal assays and MIC tests were conducted using the well diffusion method. Extract partitioning, column chromatography, and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to identify active compounds. Terminalia catappa leaves extract showed the highest inhibition at 20% concentration with a 20.32 ± 0.39 mm inhibition zone and an MIC of 0.1% with a 9.19 ± 0.04 mm zone. The active compounds were found to be polar. Column chromatography yielded seven fractions, none of which exhibited antifungal activity individually. However, when all fractions were combined, a 14.60 ± 0.35 mm inhibition zone was observed. LC-MS analysis identified nine bioactive compounds, five of which, methoxybenzoic acid, cyanidin, pelargonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, pelargonidin 3-(6-p-coumaroyl)glucoside, and adamantane-1-carboxylate, are known for antifungal properties. These findings suggest that ketapang leaf extract holds potential as an antifungal agent against C. albicans ATCC 10231, with its activity relying on the combined effect of its active compounds. Keywords: MIC, pathogen, resistance, synergistic
Co-Authors A.A.S.A Sukmaningsih, Retno Kawuri Insani, Dinda Nur Malik Made Ria Defiani Retno Kawuri