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a RIVIEW: SINTESIS BIODIESEL DENGAN KATALIS HETEROGEN DARI CANGKANG HEWAN MOLLUSCA Mukhlash Imaduddin; Samik Samik
Unesa Journal of Chemistry Vol 12 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Surabaya State University, located at Jl Ketintang, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (209.157 KB) | DOI: 10.26740/ujc.v12n1.p12-19

Abstract

Energy is a very important need in human life. Most of the energy needs that humans need are supplied from non-renewable natural resources such as oil, natural gas and coal. The solution given is to replace it with biodiesel. Biodiesel is an alternative energy based on plants and animals. Sources of vegetable oil can be obtained from rubber seeds and cooking oil. Rubber seeds contain about 40-50%-w vegetable oil with the dominant fatty acid composition being oleic acid and linoleic acid, while the rest are palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid and other fatty acids. Catalysts derived from several shells showed that the yield value of the highest shellfish was in green mussels with a yield of 90.1% with a reaction temperature of 65oC for 4 hours with a catalyst weight of 5% of the weight of biodiesel.. Keywords: Calcination, Transesterification, Mollusca
Karakterisasi Abu Sekam Padi dengan Menggunakan XRD samik samik; Nita Kusumawati; Maria Monica Sianita; Dina Kartika Maharani; Amalia Putri Purnamasari; Mukhlash Imaduddin; M Iqbal Al Ghifari
Unesa Journal of Chemistry Vol 11 No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Surabaya State University, located at Jl Ketintang, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (781.735 KB) | DOI: 10.26740/ujc.v11n3.p153-159

Abstract

Rice husk ash is a material that mostly contains silica (SiO2). Silica can be used as a raw material for various industries. This research is an experimental study, covering the synthesis of rice husk ash with various calcination temperatures, namely 800 oC, 900 oC, and 1000 oC. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of solid and crystalline phases of RHA so that the results of this study could be used as a basis for further research on the use of RHA. The results of the synthesis produced four types of samples, namely samples calcined at a temperature of 800 oC (coded S-800), calcined at 900 oC was gray (S-900 A), calcined at 900 oC was white (S-900 P), and samples were calcined at a temperature of 1000 oC (S-1000). Characterization using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed that all samples included crystalline solids with the tridymite crystal phase and cristobalite were detected in samples S-800, S-900 P, S-900 A, and S-1000. Cristobalite and tridymite are silica mineral polymorphs with the same chemical formula as quartz, SiO2, but have different crystal structures. The percentage of crystallinity of the sample was calculated by comparing the sample which has the highest peak intensity (S-1000). The crystallinity results for S-1000, S-900 P, and S-900 A were 100%, 96%, 79%, and 32%. The lower the calcination temperature, the smaller the percentage of crystallinity. Keywords: rice husk ash, calcined, silica, XRD, crystalline solid