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RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN GULMA TERHADAP KEPEKATAN CAIRAN FERMENTASI PULP KAKAO SEBAGAI BIOHERBISIDA PASCATUMBUH Sujarman, Sujarman; Suprapto, Hermanus; Sembodo, Dad R.J.
Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Vol 1, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Departement of Agrotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Lampung

Cairan fermentasi pulp kakao mengandung asam organik dan polifenol yang mungkin dapat digunakan sebagai bioherbisida untuk mengendalikan gulma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui respons empat jenis gulma terhadap aplikasi kepekatan cairan fermentasi pulp kakao sebagai bioherbisida pascatumbuh. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Juli 2012 di Kecamatan Natar, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Berjalur (Strip Plot Design), ulangan 3 kali, dan perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (11 x 4) dengan ukuran petak 1 m x 2 m. Faktor pertama adalah kepekatan cairan fermentasi pulp kakao (K) yaitu 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, dan 100% dan faktor kedua adalah jenis gulma (G) yaitu (a) Richardia brasilliensis, (b) Axonopus compressus, (c) Setaria plicata, dan (d) Cyperus kyllingia. Data dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf Î± 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cairan fermentasi pulp kakao kepekatan 10-20% tidak meracuni semua jenis gulma, tetapi pada kepekatan 30% meracuni tiga jenis gulma dan tidak terhadap C. kyllingia. A. compressus menunjukkan respon keracunan tertinggi dibandingkan dengan gulma lain. Cairan fermentasi pulp kakao dengan kepekatan 100% mampu menekan bobot kering gulma total. Bobot kering jenis gulma berbeda, C. kyllingia menujukkan bobot kering terendah dibandingkan dengan R. brasilliensis, A. compressus, dan S. plicata.

Efikasi Herbisida Isopropilamina Glifosat Dalam Mengendalikan Gulma Perkebunan Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis) Belum Menghasilkan Pamungkas, Hendi; Sembodo, Dad R.J.; Evizal, Rusdi; Pujisiswanto, Hidayat
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lampung.

Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) merupakan tanaman perkebunan penting di Indonesia karena produknya digunakan sebagai bahan baku industri karet dan sumber devisa negara. Keberadaan gulma pada lahan karet menyebabkan terjadinya persaingan sarana tumbuh dan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman karet. Salah satu bahan aktif herbisida yang umum digunakan untuk mengendalikan gulma pertanaman karet TBM adalah isopropilamina glifosat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui dosis herbisida isopropilamina glifosat yang efektif mengendalikan gulma pada pertanaman karet TBM, (2) mengetahui perubahan komposisi gulma akibat aplikasi herbisida isopropilamina glifosat, (3) mengetahui apakah terjadi fitotoksisitas tanaman karet akibat aplikasi herbisida isopropilamina glifosat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kebun karet rakyat di desa Marga Agung, Kecamatan Jati Agung, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan dan Laboratorium Gulma Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung pada November 2016 hingga Maret 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat ulangan dan enam taraf perlakuan yaitu dosis herbisida isopropilamina glifosat 796,5 g/ha (P1), 1062 g/ha (P2), 1327,5 g/ha (P3), 1593 g/ha (P4), penyiangan mekanis (P5), dan tanpa pengendalian/control (P6). Homogenitas ragam data diuji dengan uji Bartlett, additivitas data diuji dengan uji Tukey, dan perbedaan nilai tengah perlakuan diuji dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) herbisida isopropilamina glifosat dosis 796,5 – 1593 g/ha efektif mengendalikan gulma total, gulma rumput hingga 12 MSA dan gulma teki hingga 4 MSA, serta dosis 1593 g/ha efektif mengendalikan gulma daun lebar hingga 8 MSA, (2) dosis 1327,5 – 1593 g/ha efektif mengendalikan gulma Ottochloa nodosa hingga 12 MSA dan Commelina diffusa hingga 4 MSA, (3) dosis 796,5 – 1593 g/ha efektif mengendalikan gulma Cyperus brevifolius hingga 4 MSA, serta dosis 1593 g/ha efektif mengendalikan gulma Asystasia gangetica hingga 8 MSA, (4) dosis 796,5 – 1593 g/ha menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan komposisi gulma pada 4, 8, dan 12 MSA, (5) dosis 796,5 – 1593 g/ha tidak meracuni tanaman karet. Kata kunci: Gulma, herbisida, isopropilamina glifosat, karet

Efikasi Herbisida Isopropilamina Glifosat Dalam Mengendalikan Gulma Perkebunan Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis) Belum Menghasilkan Pamungkas, Hendi; Sembodo, Dad R.J.; Evizal, Rusdi; Pujisiswanto, Hidayat
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lampung.

Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) is an important plantation crop in Indonesia because its products are used as raw material for rubber industry and source of stock-exchange. The existence of weeds on the rubber land causes competition of growing facilities and affect the growth of rubber plants. One of the most common herbicide active ingredients that used to control immature plant weeds is isopropylamine glyphosate. This research aims to (1) find out the dose of isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide that effectively control weeds in immature rubber cultivation, (2) to know the change of weed’s composition due to the application of isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide, (3) to know whether the phytotoxicity of rubber plants occurs due to isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide application. This research was conducted in smallholder rubber plantation in Marga Agung Village, Jati Agung Subdistrict, South Lampung Regency and Weed Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of Lampung University from November 2016 until March 2017. This research used randomized block design (RAK) with four replicates and six treatment levels dose of herbicide isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide 796,5 g/ha (P1), 1062 g/ha (P2), 1327.5 g/ha (P3), 1593 g/ha (P4), mechanical weeding (P5), and without restraint/control (P6). The homogeneity of various data was tested by Bartlett test, the data additivity was tested by Tukey test, and the difference of median treatment was tested by Least Significant Different (LSD) test at 5% level. The results showed that: (1) isopropylamine glyphosate herbicide dose 796,5 – 1593 g/ha effectively controlling total weeds, grass weeds up to 12 weeks after application and nut grass weeds up to 4 weeks after application, and dose 1593 g/ha effectively controlling leaf weeds up to 8 weeks after application, (2) dose 1327,5 – 1593 g/ha effectively controlling Ottochloa nodosa weeds up to 12 weeks after application and Commelina diffuse up to 4 weeks after application, (3) dose 796,5 – 1593 g/ha effectively controlling Cyperus brevifolius weeds up to 4 weeks after application, and doses of 1593 g/ha effectively controlling Asystasia gangetica weeds up to 8 weeks after application, (4) doses of 796,5 – 1593 g/ha resulted in changes in weed’s composition at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after application, (5) doses 796,5 – 1593 g/ha does not poison the rubber plant.

Pengaruh Jenis dan Tingkat Kerapatan Gulma Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Anggeraini, Dita; Sembodo, Dad R.J.; Sunyoto, Sunyoto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan Vol 16, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lampung.

Sorghum is one of serealia plants that have a big potential to be developed. Sorghum is beneficial as a source of food, animal feed, as well as various industrial raw materials. Sorghum is potential to be developed with the application of proper cultivation, one of them is optimal maintenance. The lack of maintenance cause low production. One of maintenance is weed control. Weeds can create a competition with cultivation plants to fight means growing. Type and weed density are influence growth a development of sorghum. The purpose of this research is to know: (1) The influence of type of weeds to growth and production of sorghum plants, (2) The influence of weeds density to growth and production of sorghum plant, and (3) There is interaction between type and weeds density when influence the growth of weeds, also growth and production of sorghum plants. This research is done in South Lampung and weeds laboratory University of Lampung on December 2014 - April 2015. Treatments arranged in a factorial strip plot design with three replications. The first factor is three types of weeds, that are Asystasia gangetica, Cyperus rotundus, and Rottboelia exaltata. The second factor is density 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 weeds/m2. If assumption are met, the data is analyzed by using variance analysis and followed by a least significant difference (LSD) 5%. The result shows: (1) The type of weeds influence growth and yield component of plant height and steam diameter 3 WAP, fresh weight and dry stover, also weight of 100 grains on water content) WC14%, (2) The density of 80 weeds/m2 influence the height a plant 3 and 9 WAP, number of leaves 6 MST, steam diameter 3, 6, and 9 WAP, weight of fresh stover plant, weight of 100 grains on water content 14%, weight of sorghum seed, and (3) There is no interaction between the type and weeds density when influence growth and sorghum production, but there is interaction when influence the growth of weeds. Keyword: sorghum, weeds, competition

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