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Fintech and Islamic Finance: Literature Review and Research Agenda Hasan, Rashedul; Hassan, Mohammad Kabir; Aliyu, Sirajo
International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF) Vol 3, No 1 (2020): IJIEF Vol 3 (1), January 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Fintech revolution started with the introduction of credit cards in 1960 and have been revolutionized with blockchain technologies. Integration of Fintech based solution with Islamic finance has gained interest among academics. However, the lack of literature evidence on this issue has motivated us to conduct a systematic literature review on Islamic Fintech. We have identified fourteen documents relevant to the context of the study and conducted the content and thematic analysis. An extensive review of past literature allows us to identify Shariâ€™ah compliance as one of the major challenges for the growth of Islamic fintech. In addition, we conclude that Islamic fintech might pose challenges for Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) in terms of operational efficiency, customer retention, transparency and accountability. We contribute by providing insights on the challenges faced by the Islamic finance industry toward integrating Fintech based solutions with reference to past studies and indicate areas for future studies that could reduce the gaps in Islamic Fintech literature.

DO POLITICALLY CONNECTED BANKS PERFORM BETTER IN A DEMOCRATIC ENVIRONMENT? Hasan, Rashedul; Hassan, Mohammad Kabir; Tian, Jiayuan
Journal of Central Banking Law and Institutions Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jcli.v3i2.173

This paper elucidates the intricate relationship among bank performance, political connections, and the democratic environment. The existing body of evidence is notably limited in illustrating the impact of a democratic environment on bank performance. Our study examines a sample of 397 banks spanning 14 countries and districts, encompassing both politically affiliated and non-politically affiliated banks in both democratic and non-democratic settings. The empirical findings reveal a reduction in non-performing loans but an escalation in loan loss provision within a democratic environment. This phenomenon may be attributed to the diminished level of financial constraints prevalent in democratic settings. Furthermore, our investigation revealsthat political connections exert a deleterious effect on the non-performing loans (NPL) ratio, coupled with a salutary impact on loan loss provision. Conclusively, our research identifies that the stock return of politically connected banks in democratic environments is inferior to their counterparts in non-democratic environments. Additionally, the non-performing loans ratio (NPL) of politically connected banks in democratic environments tends to be higher compared to their non-democratic counterparts. Conversely, the loan loss provision of politically connected banks in democratic environments tends to be lower than that in non-democratic environments. This nuanced analysis contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between democratic environments, political connections, and bank performance.

Financing Alignment and Financing Performance of Chinese Companies within Buyer-Supplier Relationships: The Moderate Effect of Supply Chain Finance Challenges Ashfaq, Muhammad; Zhang, Aoer; Tariq, Adeel; Hasan, Rashedul
International Journal of Supply Chain Management Vol 9, No 5 (2020): International Journal of Supply Chain Management (IJSCM)
Publisher : ExcelingTech

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59160/ijscm.v9i5.4203

Purpose – The aim of this study is twofold. In academia, this study attempts to enrich the scarce empirical literature regarding Supply Chain Finance (SCF) adoptions. In practice, this study aims to support the buyers and suppliers in a supply chain that consider the application of blockchain technology in SCF, especially in emerging countries.Design/ methodology/ approach – Through a cross-industry survey, 152 responses from companies located in China have been collected to test the hypotheses empirically.Findings – The results show that buyer-supplier financing alignment could positively influence on the buyer-supplier financing performance in the context of Chinese companies. However, insufficient evidence exists to suggest a moderating effect of SCF challenges.Research limitations/ implications – Future study may identify the related challenges within the blockchain technology-driven SCF. An additional in-depth case study might be a desirable methodology to realize how Chinese companies implement SCF, and gain insights that are more practical. Another possibility is to generalize the research model to other emerging countries. Further, future research may also consider involving other participants within the supply chain to investigate the SCF issues in China.Practical implications – This paper implies that both buyers and suppliers could consider applying blockchain technology-driven SCF to enhance the financial performance in a supply chain. Additionally, when companies are implementing SCF, it is essential to maintain the long-term buyer-supplier relationship in order to improve the financing performance. Originality/ value – This study enriches the scarce empirical researches regarding SCF adoptions. Meanwhile, this study tries to shed light on the influence of buyer-supplier financing alignment on buyer-supplier financing performance, especially in the emerging country.Keywords – Supply chain finance, Finance collaboration, Finance performance, Challenges, China

EVALUATION OF TAKĀFUL OPERATORS’ EFFORTS IN REALISING MAQASID AL- SHARĪʿAH Hasan, Rashedul; Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq; Nordin, Haziq bin
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 3 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Takāful has emerged as a Sharīʿah-compliant alternative to conventional insurance, which is embedded in realising its underlying maqasid (goals or objectives) of Sharīʿah. Contrary to previous studies that attempted to provide evidence that takāful products are compliant with the Sharīʿah in practice of takāful operators (TOs), this paper seeks to take a different approach to investigate their compliance with the fulfilment of the three broad categories of maqasid al-Sharīʿah. In light of the theoretical perspectives of maqasid, each objective was operationally defined for statistical analysis. Six TOs from Malaysia were selected, and five-years’ data (2011-2015) have been collected from World Bank’s websites and annual reports. Secondary data were analysed through balanced panel data approach. Hausman test results indicate that fixed effect model is more appropriate in explaining the explored phenomena. Taxes paid by TOs were found to have a significant positive impact on economic growth and poverty alleviation while payment of zakah found to have a negative impact. The prohibition of riba (interest) should not be the only decisive difference between Islamic finance and its conventional counterpart. Islamic banks (IBs) and TOs are accountable toward Allah, and thus their activities should be directed toward the fulfilment of maqasid al-Sharīʿah. While earlier published literature has explored efficiency and profitability of TOs, the current paper has attempted to focus on the ability of TOs in serving the maslaha (public interest/common good of the community).

CASH WAQF INVESTMENT AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION: CASE OF TABUNG MASJIDS IN MALAYSIA Hasan, Rashedul; Hassan, M. Kabir; Rashid, Mamunur
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol 4 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Recent investigations of the financial management practices of mosques in Indonesia have influenced this study, which investigates the ability of mosques in Malaysia to invest cash waqf for development activities. The impact of cash waqf investment is further extended to study the importance of such cash waqf donations toward poverty alleviation. 100 mosques in Melaka and Terengganu are selected for the purpose of conducting a survey using a self-developed questionnaire. Data collected from the survey are tested for their validity and reliability before conducting Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis using Smart PLS 3.0. This study finds that cash waqf donation plays a positive role in increasing the ability of the selected states to alleviate poverty. The negative relationship between cash waqf investment and donation raises the need for a rigorous analysis. A conceptual model integrating cash waqf investment, donation, and poverty alleviation is provided in this study, which is the first of its kind. The results provided by the study will allow regulators and mosque fund managers to understand the significance of cash waqf donations and the importance of effective cash waqf management. Efficient investment of cash waqf can ensure sustainable and perpetual income that will allow a mosque to play a vital role in improving the living standards of the Muslim Ummah. The findings of the study cannot be generalized for all states in Malaysia due to the limitation of purposive sampling.

EVALUATION OF TAKĀFUL OPERATORS’ EFFORTS IN REALISING MAQASID AL- SHARĪʿAH Hasan, Rashedul; Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq; Nordin, Haziq bin
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v3i2.897

Takāful has emerged as a Sharīʿah-compliant alternative to conventional insurance, which is embedded in realising its underlying maqasid (goals or objectives) of Sharīʿah. Contrary to previous studies that attempted to provide evidence that takāful products are compliant with the Sharīʿah in practice of takāful operators (TOs), this paper seeks to take a different approach to investigate their compliance with the fulfilment of the three broad categories of maqasid al-Sharīʿah. In light of the theoretical perspectives of maqasid, each objective was operationally defined for statistical analysis. Six TOs from Malaysia were selected, and five-years’ data (2011-2015) have been collected from World Bank’s websites and annual reports. Secondary data were analysed through balanced panel data approach. Hausman test results indicate that fixed effect model is more appropriate in explaining the explored phenomena. Taxes paid by TOs were found to have a significant positive impact on economic growth and poverty alleviation while payment of zakah found to have a negative impact. The prohibition of riba (interest) should not be the only decisive difference between Islamic finance and its conventional counterpart. Islamic banks (IBs) and TOs are accountable toward Allah, and thus their activities should be directed toward the fulfilment of maqasid al-Sharīʿah. While earlier published literature has explored efficiency and profitability of TOs, the current paper has attempted to focus on the ability of TOs in serving the maslaha (public interest/common good of the community).

CASH WAQF INVESTMENT AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION: CASE OF TABUNG MASJIDS IN MALAYSIA Hasan, Rashedul; Hassan, M. Kabir; Rashid, Mamunur
Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Vol. 4 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Bank Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21098/jimf.v4i2.1006

Recent investigations of the financial management practices of mosques in Indonesia have influenced this study, which investigates the ability of mosques in Malaysia to invest cash waqf for development activities. The impact of cash waqf investment is further extended to study the importance of such cash waqf donations toward poverty alleviation. 100 mosques in Melaka and Terengganu are selected for the purpose of conducting a survey using a self-developed questionnaire. Data collected from the survey are tested for their validity and reliability before conducting Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis using Smart PLS 3.0. This study finds that cash waqf donation plays a positive role in increasing the ability of the selected states to alleviate poverty. The negative relationship between cash waqf investment and donation raises the need for a rigorous analysis. A conceptual model integrating cash waqf investment, donation, and poverty alleviation is provided in this study, which is the first of its kind. The results provided by the study will allow regulators and mosque fund managers to understand the significance of cash waqf donations and the importance of effective cash waqf management. Efficient investment of cash waqf can ensure sustainable and perpetual income that will allow a mosque to play a vital role in improving the living standards of the Muslim Ummah. The findings of the study cannot be generalized for all states in Malaysia due to the limitation of purposive sampling.

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