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Instrumen Zakat Sebagai Sumber Penerimaan Dan Pengeluaran Keuangan Negara Onti Laura Citra; Yuyun Yuniara; Idia Jonionda Piolita; Andi Cahyono
Al-Khair Journal : Management, Education, and Law Vol 3, No 1 (2023): JUNI
Publisher : Kota Bengkulu, Provinsi Bengkulu, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29300/kh.v3i1.11094

Abstract

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to discuss the essence of zakat as an Islamic financial instrument as a source of state financial revenue and expenditure in the view of Muhammad Nejatullah Siddiqi.  Using qualitative methods, which are methods that produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words. The results of this study show that Muhammad Nejatullah Siddiqi is one of the contemporary Islamic economics from the mainstream class. The idea of zakat has always been linked to Islamic economics. Zakat is an obligation of the rich, the rights of the poor, and the state has an important role in its management. It contains moral, social, and economic aspects. Zakat is the axis and financial center of the country.  Its position on the one hand can be a potential source for alleviating poverty, on the other hand it can be a working capital for the poor in order to open jobs. It can even be used as the last shield for the economy so that it does not slump when consumption ability stagnates. Thus, it can be concluded that zakat instruments can be used as a source of state financial receipts and expenditures. So it can be suggested to increase zakat instruments as a source of state financial revenue in Indonesia.Keywords; Zakat Instruments, Sources of Revenue and Expenditure, State Finance.                                                                                                       Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk membahas tentang  esensi  zakat  sebagai  instrumen  finansial Islami  sebagai sumber penerimaan dan pengeluaran keuangan Negara dalam  pandangan  Muhammad  Nejatullah  Siddiqi.  Menggunakan metode kualitatif, yaitu metode yang menghasilkan data yang berupa deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan. Hasil  penelitian ini memperlihatkan  bahwa Muhammad  Nejatullah  Siddiqi  merupakan  salah satu  ekonomi  Islam  kontemporer  dari  golongan  mainstrem.  Pemikiran tentang zakat senantiasa terkait dengan ekonomi Islam. Zakat merupakan kewajiban   orang-orang   kaya,   hak   orang-orang   miskin,   dan   negara mempunyai    peran    penting    dalam    pengelolaannya. Di    dalamnya mengandung aspek moral, sosial, dan ekonomi. Zakat adalah poros dan pusat keuangan negara.  Kedudukannya satu  sisi  dapat  menjadi  sumber potensial  untuk  mengentaskan  kemiskinan  di  sisi  lain  dapat  menjadi  modal kerja bagi orang miskin agar dapat membuka lapangan pekerjaan. Bahkan dapat dipergunakan sebagai perisai terakhir bagi perekonomian agar tidak terpuruk ketika kemampuan konsumsi mengalami stagnasi. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa instrument zakat dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber penerimaan dan pengeluaran keuangan Negara. Sehingga dapat disarankan tingkatkan instrument zakat sebagai sumber penerimaan keuangan Negara di Indonesia.Kata Kunci; Instrumen Zakat, Sumber Penerimaan dan pengeluaran, Keuangan Negara
ANALISIS CIKAL BAKAL SISTEM PEREKONOMIAN ISLAM Andi Cahyono; Uswatun Hasanah
Al-Iqtishad: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 4 No. 01 (2022): Juli-Desember 2022
Publisher : Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the forerunner of the Islamic economic system. The research method used is qualitative research with a research approach (library research). The results of this study indicate that the Islamic economy has started since the Prophet Muhammad SAW served as head of state in Madina, then he made changes to the state's economic and financial system in accordance with the provisions of the Qur'an of the Prophet Muhammad SAW formed the Baitul al Mal, namely all results The collection of state assets is collected first, then issued according to the needs of the state. State income comes from kharaz, zakat, khusz, Jizyah, and other receipts such as kaffarah and inheritance of people who do not have heirs. As for fiscal policy in the early days of Islam, it can be seen that zakat played a very important role in achieving the objectives of fiscal policy, namely to finance government spending and to perform regulatory functions in order to achieve certain economic goals, such as economic growth and the creation of investment and employment. This is not much different from the function of taxes in modern fiscal policy. Therefore, zakat and taxes have similarities in their position in fiscal policy.