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All Journal JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
Budhi Santoso Reksohadiwinoto, Budhi Santoso
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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EFFECTS OF Rhizopus oryzae FERMENTATION OF COCOA BYPRODUCT ON CERTAIN AMINO ACID AND THEOBROMINE CONTENTS Sriherwanto, Catur; Reksohadiwinoto, Budhi Santoso; Mahsunah, Anis Herliyanti; Suja’i, Imam; Toelak, Sarny; Rusmiyati, Mia
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol 3, No 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (766.613 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v3i2.945

Abstract

Being the world’s third largest producer of cocoa (Theobroma cacao), Indonesia provides abundant cocoa pod husk byproduct. Despite its high content of biological materials, its use as animal feed, however, has been limited due to its low nutritive values and significant content of antinutritive substances. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the changes of selected amino acids glutamate, aspartate, valine, alanine, and proline, as well as the antinutritional compound theobromine in cocoa byproduct-rice bran mixed substrate following fermentation using Rhizopus oryzae. The fermented substrate obtained had its true protein content increased from 1.95% to 23.16%. After analyses using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, the following amino acids, namely: total and free glutamates, total and free valine, total proline, as well as free alanine underwent increase, while the others decreased. The concentration of the antinutritional factor theobromine was below the limit detectable by HPLC.Keywords: Rhizopus oryzae, Theobroma cacao, theobromine, fermentation, amino acidsABSTRAKSebagai penghasil kakao (Theobroma cacao) terbesar ketiga di dunia, Indonesia mempunyai hasil samping melimpah berupa kulit cangkang kakao. Meskipun kandungan bahan biologisnya tinggi, penggunaan produk samping ini sebagai pakan ternak masih terbatas karena nilai gizi yang rendah serta kandungan zat antinutrisi yang tinggi. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perubahan kandungan asam amino glutamat, aspartat, valin, alanin, dan prolin, serta senyawa antinutrisi teobromin dalam campuran hasil samping coklat-dedak padi pasca fermentasi menggunakan Rhizopus oryzae. Substrat hasil fermentasi mengalami peningkatan kandungan protein sejati dari 1,95% menjadi 23,16%. Hasil analisis menggunakan ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, menunjukkan bahwa kandungan asam amino: glutamat total dan glutamat bebas, valin total dan valin bebas, prolin total, serta alanin bebas mengalami peningkatan, sementara asam amino selainnya mengalami penurunan. Kandungan antinutrisi teobromin berada di bawah ambang batas deteksi oleh HPLC.Kata kunci: Rhizopus oryzae, Theobroma cacao, teobromin, fermentasi, asam amino 
Enzim Laccase dari Edible Mushroom untuk Pemutihan Pati Sagu Ramah Lingkungan Reksohadiwinoto, Budhi Santoso; Rosmalawati, Syofi; Cahyana, Purwa Tri; Hariyanto, Bambang
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 18 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (408.606 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v18i2.1790

Abstract

Sagu pada umumnya berwarna kecoklatan dan bau kurang sedap. Kelemahan ini dapat diperbaiki dengan penambahan enzim Laccase dalam produksi pati sagu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan enzm Laccase dari edible mushroom.  Bahan yang digunakan adalah jamur Plurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus dan Rhyzopus  oligosporus yang diperoleh dari pasar dan bahan kimia media. Metoda yang digunakan adalah melalui fermentasi cair menggunakan skala flask.  Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa  Pleurotus ostreatus pada uji agar cawan petri membentuk zona ring merah kecoklatan yang tebal menunjukan kemampuan oxidase senyawa guaicol dan syringaldazine. Uji fermentasi cair skala flaks 500 mL kultur jamur Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus, Rhyzopus oligosporus selama 21 hari. Hasil Laccase yang diproduksi oleh Pleurotus ostreatus mempunyai aktivitas tertinggi yaitu mencapai 774 U/L pada analisa spektrofotometer menggunakan substrat ABTS. Sementara itu, Agaricus bisporus dan Rhyzopus oligosporus mencapai puncak produksi laccase masing-masing 484 U/L dan 480 U/L.Kata kunci : Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus, Rhyzopus oligosporus, Laccase, bioleaching, dan kualitas pati sagu
EFFECTS OF Rhizopus oryzae FERMENTATION OF COCOA BYPRODUCT ON CERTAIN AMINO ACID AND THEOBROMINE CONTENTS Sriherwanto, Catur; Reksohadiwinoto, Budhi Santoso; Mahsunah, Anis Herliyanti; Suja’i, Imam; Toelak, Sarny; Rusmiyati, Mia
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (766.613 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v3i2.945

Abstract

Being the world’s third largest producer of cocoa (Theobroma cacao), Indonesia provides abundant cocoa pod husk byproduct. Despite its high content of biological materials, its use as animal feed, however, has been limited due to its low nutritive values and significant content of antinutritive substances. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the changes of selected amino acids glutamate, aspartate, valine, alanine, and proline, as well as the antinutritional compound theobromine in cocoa byproduct-rice bran mixed substrate following fermentation using Rhizopus oryzae. The fermented substrate obtained had its true protein content increased from 1.95% to 23.16%. After analyses using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, the following amino acids, namely: total and free glutamates, total and free valine, total proline, as well as free alanine underwent increase, while the others decreased. The concentration of the antinutritional factor theobromine was below the limit detectable by HPLC.Keywords: Rhizopus oryzae, Theobroma cacao, theobromine, fermentation, amino acidsABSTRAKSebagai penghasil kakao (Theobroma cacao) terbesar ketiga di dunia, Indonesia mempunyai hasil samping melimpah berupa kulit cangkang kakao. Meskipun kandungan bahan biologisnya tinggi, penggunaan produk samping ini sebagai pakan ternak masih terbatas karena nilai gizi yang rendah serta kandungan zat antinutrisi yang tinggi. Oleh karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perubahan kandungan asam amino glutamat, aspartat, valin, alanin, dan prolin, serta senyawa antinutrisi teobromin dalam campuran hasil samping coklat-dedak padi pasca fermentasi menggunakan Rhizopus oryzae. Substrat hasil fermentasi mengalami peningkatan kandungan protein sejati dari 1,95% menjadi 23,16%. Hasil analisis menggunakan ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry, menunjukkan bahwa kandungan asam amino: glutamat total dan glutamat bebas, valin total dan valin bebas, prolin total, serta alanin bebas mengalami peningkatan, sementara asam amino selainnya mengalami penurunan. Kandungan antinutrisi teobromin berada di bawah ambang batas deteksi oleh HPLC.Kata kunci: Rhizopus oryzae, Theobroma cacao, teobromin, fermentasi, asam amino 
Co-Authors Anis Herliyanti Mahsunah, Anis Herliyanti Bambang Hariyanto Cahyana, Purwa Tri Catur Sriherwanto, Catur Imam Suja’i, Imam Mia Rusmiyati, Mia Sarny Toelak, Sarny Suja’i, Imam SYOFI ROSMALAWATI