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ASUHAN GIZI PADA HIPERTENSI Kresnawan, Triyani
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 34, No 2 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v34i2.110

Prevalensi kejadian hipertensi di Indonesia cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan beberapa negara Asia dan berbagai dampak dari kejadian hipertensi memerlukan perhatian dan penanganan khusus. Untuk mencegah hipertensi dan mengendalikan hipertensi beberapa hal dapat dikontrol di antaranya berat badan berlebih, kurangnya aktifitas fisik, merokok, konsumsi alkohol, asupan natrium berlebih, asupan kalium, kalsium, magnesium yang kurang serta kondisi stres. Pada masa lalu penatalaksanaan hipertensi yaitu dengan menggunakan obat antihipertensi dan diet rendah garam. Pada saat ini modifikasi gaya hidup (lifestyle) sudah diterapkan pada saat pra Hipertensi, selain diet rendah garam 1500 -2400 mg Natrium sehari telah disusun pula suatu pedoman yang terdiri dari pola makan, jumlah dan jenis bahan makanan dengan memperhatikan beberapa zat gizi lain yang berperan pada kejadian hipertensi diantaranya yang perlu ditingkatkan adalah asupan kalsium, magnesium dan kalium yang disebut diet DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertensi). Peran tenaga gizi (nutrisionis dan dietisien) sangat penting dalam asuhan gizi pasien hipertensi sebagai konselor terapi non-farmakologik. Diet DASH diterapkan sejak pra hipertensi, apabila target tekanan darah tidak tercapai pada 4-6 minggu, maka akan diterapkan terapi farmakologik disertai pengaturan makanan (Diet DASH) dan modifikasi gaya hidup. Kata kunci: asuhan gizi, hipertensi

PENATALAKSANAAN DIET PADA NEFROPATI DIABETIK Kresnawan, Triyani; Darmarini, Ferina
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 27, No 2 (2004): September 2004
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (94.056 KB)

One of the complication of diabetes mellitus is nephropathy diabetic, if this situation is not cured properly it tends to develop the end stage of renal failure. The objectives of this diet management in patients with nephropathy diabetic are to reduce progression of renal damage, maintain the nutritional status of the patient, control blood glucose, lipid serum and maintain electrolyte and fluid balance. Nutrient requirement of nephropathy diabetic patients should contain: protein 0.8 g/kg/body weigh/day. But if patients suffered of end stage of renal failure 0.8 g/kg body weigh/day, in the case of dialysis the protein need is 1-1.2g/kg body weigh/day. For energy requirement they need 35 kcal/kg body weigh/day, with the carbohydrate 60% from total energy need, fat should be 30% total energy need contain poly unsaturated fatty acid and mono unsaturated fatty acid. For mineral, natrium (Na) is needed 1000-3000 mg/day, whereas kalium (K) is 40-70 mEq/day (1600-2800mg/day). In conclusion, diet management is taking an important role to delay the progression of being end stage renal failure.Keywords: nefropati diabetik, gagal ganjal terminal

ASUHAN GIZI PADA HIPERTENSI Kresnawan, Triyani
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 34, No 2 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (111.602 KB)

Prevalensi kejadian hipertensi di Indonesia cukup tinggi dibandingkan dengan beberapa negara Asia dan berbagai dampak dari kejadian hipertensi memerlukan perhatian dan penanganan khusus. Untuk mencegah hipertensi dan mengendalikan hipertensi beberapa hal dapat dikontrol di antaranya berat badan berlebih, kurangnya aktifitas fisik, merokok, konsumsi alkohol, asupan natrium berlebih, asupan kalium, kalsium, magnesium yang kurang serta kondisi stres. Pada masa lalu penatalaksanaan hipertensi yaitu dengan menggunakan obat antihipertensi dan diet rendah garam. Pada saat ini modifikasi gaya hidup (lifestyle) sudah diterapkan pada saat pra Hipertensi, selain diet rendah garam 1500 -2400 mg Natrium sehari telah disusun pula suatu pedoman yang terdiri dari pola makan, jumlah dan jenis bahan makanan dengan memperhatikan beberapa zat gizi lain yang berperan pada kejadian hipertensi diantaranya yang perlu ditingkatkan adalah asupan kalsium, magnesium dan kalium yang disebut diet DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertensi). Peran tenaga gizi (nutrisionis dan dietisien) sangat penting dalam asuhan gizi pasien hipertensi sebagai konselor terapi non-farmakologik. Diet DASH diterapkan sejak pra hipertensi, apabila target tekanan darah tidak tercapai pada 4-6 minggu, maka akan diterapkan terapi farmakologik disertai pengaturan makanan (Diet DASH) dan modifikasi gaya hidup. Kata kunci: asuhan gizi, hipertensi

The Relationship of Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) with Energy Intake, Protein, Hand Grip Strength and Body Mass Index in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients with Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Adrianto, Yudhi; Hustrini, Ni Made; Kresnawan, Triyani; Amelia, Annisa Eka; Hudayani, Fitri
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Vol. 8, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Introduction. Energy and protein intake in chronic kidney disease (CKD) with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) therapy plays an important role in balancing hypercatabolic conditions. Unbalanced intake will result in energy and protein deficits which are increasing the risk of muscle catabolism, decreasing body mass index (BMI), and malnutrition. Subjective global assessment (SGA) as the gold standard in nutritional assessment is needed in assessing nutritional status and determining malnutrition, therefore nutritional intervention can be delivered and improve CAPD patients’ quality of life. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between SGA with energy and protein intake, hand grip strength, and body mass index on CKD patients undergoing CAPD. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 30 CKD patients undergoing CAPD which were purposively selected using total sampling. Nutritional status was assessed using SGA questionnaire, energy and protein intake was assessed through food records, and hand grip strength was measured by jamar hydraulic hand dynamometer. The normality of the data was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff test and bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test. Results. Of a total of 30 CKD patients, most of them were aged 25-55 years (76.6%), while the age group <25 years was only>6.7%. More than 73% of patients had normal SGA nutritional status and 26% were malnourished. The average energy requirement was 1,942 (SD 277) Kcal, the lowest energy intake was 921 kcal/day and the highest was 1,959 kcal/day with an average dialysate energy intake of 404 (SD 42) kcal. The average protein intake was 54 (SD 9.5) grams, while the average protein requirement was 70.7 (SD 9.7) grams/day. Based on BMI status, 20% of subjects were underweight, 60% normal, and 20% overweight. A total of 53.3% of patients had poor hands grip strength and only 46.7% were normal with an average grip strength was 26.7 (SD 9.3) kg. Analysis showed that SGA was not related to energy intake (p<0.857), grip strength (p<0.307), and BMI (p<0.829). However, there was a relation between protein intake and SGA (p<0.048, OR: 1.233, 95% CI: 1,058 – 2,389). Conclusions. Inadequate protein intake is related to the risk of malnutrition than adequate protein intake. There is no relationship between energy intake, hands grip strength, and BMI on SGA scores.

Faktor-faktor yang Berkorelasi dengan Status Nutrisi pada Pasien Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Yulianti, Mira; Suhardjono, Suhardjono; Kresnawan, Triyani; Harimurti, Kuntjoro
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Vol. 2, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Pendahuluan: Perubahan status nutrisi dikaitkan dengan tingginya mortalitas pada kelompok pasien penyakit ginjal tahap akhir (PGTA). Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan tingginya prevalensi malnutrisi pada pasien dialisis kronik, namun hingga saat ini, penelitian lebih banyak dilakukan pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis. Dengan latar belakang berkembangnya CAPD di Indonesia, perlu diteliti faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan kesintasan pasien CAPD untuk menekan tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas pada kelompok pasien tersebut, salah satunya adalah faktor nutrisi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada kelompok pasien PGTA yang menjalani CAPD yang kontrol ke RSCM dan RS Satelit. Dilakukan pengumpulan data denga wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik, penjelasan mengenai metode pencatatan makanan dengan food record oleh dietisian dengan menggunakan alat bantu food model. Pada saat kontrol berikutnya pasien diminta untuk mengembalikan food record dan menjalani pemeriksaan darah (hsCRP dan AGD vena). Hasil: Sebanyak 33 (75%) subjek penelitian memiliki status nutrisi baik dan 11 (25%) pasien memiliki status nutrisi kurang. Pada analisis bivariat penelitian ini didapatkan korelasi (r=0,433 ; p=0,003) antara hsCRP dan status nutrisi. Simpulan: Faktor yang berkorelasi dengan status nutrisi pada pasien CAPD adalah inflamasi.

PERAN EDUKASI GIZI TERHADAP ASUPAN ENERGI-PROTEIN DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS DENGAN TERAPI CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (CAPD) Adrianto, Yudhi; Utari, Diah Mulyawati; Hudayani, Fitri; Kresnawan, Triyani
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol 9, No 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6670

Background: Nutrition are the essential factor to maintain body weight, body mass index and food intake in CAPD patients. Dialysis could increase nutrients lost and had to be replaced by adequate intake. Nutrition education should be needed to increase patient’s knowledge, food intake and body mass index.Objectives: To determine the role of nutrition education towards energy-protein intake and body mass index in patient with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)Method: A cross-sectional study design with total sampling technique to obtains thirthy CAPD outpatient at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Energy and protein intake were assessed by 3-days-food records (weekday and weekend). Nutritional status were obtained with BMI by dry body weight. Data were analyzed with independent t-test.Results: Most of subject are male outpatients, 25 – 55 years old (76.7%), had hypertension (83.3%) and normal BMI (50%). Most of subject had been undergoing peritoneal dialysis more than a year (67%), and had less than two times education per year. Energy intake were categorized as sufficient (80%) but protein intake were categorized as insufficient. There were no differences between frequency of nutrition education with energy-protein intake and nutritional status (p0.05)Conclusion: There are no differences between energy-protein intake and nutritional status with the frequency of nutrition education. Nutritional education by nutritionist and/or dietitian according to the recommendations help to maintain normal body mass index.

PERAN EDUKASI GIZI TERHADAP ASUPAN ENERGI-PROTEIN DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS DENGAN TERAPI CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS (CAPD) Adrianto, Yudhi; Utari, Diah Mulyawati; Hudayani, Fitri; Kresnawan, Triyani
JURNAL RISET GIZI Vol 9, No 1 (2021): Mei (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6670

Background: Nutrition are the essential factor to maintain body weight, body mass index and food intake in CAPD patients. Dialysis could increase nutrients lost and had to be replaced by adequate intake. Nutrition education should be needed to increase patient’s knowledge, food intake and body mass index.Objectives: To determine the role of nutrition education towards energy-protein intake and body mass index in patient with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)Method: A cross-sectional study design with total sampling technique to obtains thirthy CAPD outpatient at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Energy and protein intake were assessed by 3-days-food records (weekday and weekend). Nutritional status were obtained with BMI by dry body weight. Data were analyzed with independent t-test.Results: Most of subject are male outpatients, 25 – 55 years old (76.7%), had hypertension (83.3%) and normal BMI (50%). Most of subject had been undergoing peritoneal dialysis more than a year (67%), and had less than two times education per year. Energy intake were categorized as sufficient (80%) but protein intake were categorized as insufficient. There were no differences between frequency of nutrition education with energy-protein intake and nutritional status (p0.05)Conclusion: There are no differences between energy-protein intake and nutritional status with the frequency of nutrition education. Nutritional education by nutritionist and/or dietitian according to the recommendations help to maintain normal body mass index.

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