Public transportation plays a strategic role in supporting the mobility of urban residents and is also one of the solutions to reduce traffic congestion in metropolitan areas. This study aims to examine the influence of social and economic factors on the choice of public transportation in the metropolitan area of Batam City, with a focus on Batam Kota District. The research approach used is a quantitative method through a questionnaire survey involving 100 respondents who are public transportation users. The variables analyzed include social characteristics, economic conditions, travel characteristics, and users' perceptions of the quality of public transportation services. The results of the analysis show that most public transportation users are of productive age and are employed, indicating that routine daily mobility needs, especially for work purposes, are the main factors in the choice of transportation mode.From an economic perspective, differences in income levels and private vehicle ownership show that cost efficiency considerations continue to encourage people to use public transportation. In addition, service quality, especially in terms of cost and safety, has been shown to have a dominant influence on decisions to use public transportation. The findings of this study also indicate that improving service quality has the potential to increase interest in and frequency of public transportation use, which can be used as a basis for formulating sustainable and equitable urban transportation policies.