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All Journal SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology
Muchamad Wahyu Trinugroho, Muchamad Wahyu
Indonesian Agroclimatic and Hydrology Research Institute
Education

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Changes in Rainfall Pattern in Bengawan Solo Sub-Watershed Trinugroho, Muchamad Wahyu; Arif, Sigit Supadmo; Susanto, Sahid; Nugroho, Bayu Dwi Apri; Prabowo, Abi
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 19, No 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v19i2.61640

Abstract

Rainfed farming is vulnerable to climate variability, which changes rainfall patterns.  Rainfall variability disrupts rainfed rice cultivation because a  change in rainfall will affect the rice crop calendar. An analysis of long-term trends over a specific area is required to understand rainfall variability. The aim of this study was to assess climate variability in terms of rainfall magnitude and frequency by analyzing spatial and temporal rainfall trends in Bengawan Solo Sub-Watershed as well as the rainfed rice production. Daily rainfall data from 10 rain gauge stations over the sub-watershed area from the years 1975 to 2020 were used. The data was managed and collected by the Bengawan Solo Watershed authority. Pearson, Mann-Kendall, and Sen’s Slope tests were applied to assess the recorded data correlation, rainfall trends, and magnitude of trends into annual, monthly, and 10-day. The findings of the study indicated the spatial and temporal inhomogeneous rainfall pattern for all locations for 10-day, monthly and annual patterns. The mountainous regions at Tawang Mangu and Ngrambe stations tend to experience an upward trend (positive magnitude), while the coastal regions at Nglirip and Bojonegoro stations have a downward trend(negative magnitude). Those trends also confirmed that coastal regions would be drier than mountainous regions in the future. Understanding this rainfall trend can assist with rainfed farming strategic planning.
Assessing irrigation water demand and pumping operations for rice farming in the Bengawan Solo River, Indonesia Trinugroho, Muchamad Wahyu; Arif, Sigit Supadmo; Susanto, Sahid; Nugroho, Bayu Dwi Apri
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 21, No 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v21i1.79343

Abstract

Owing to population growth, the rice demand in Indonesia has been increasing, which has led to an increase in rice consumption. One way to boost rice production is to enhance pump irrigation in rainfed fields. The aim of this study is to evaluate irrigation water usage and water pumping practices in the Bengawan Solo River, focusing on enhancing rice production. Data were sourced from governmental entities, which include the Indonesian Bureau of Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics and the Ministry of Public Works and Housing. Water requirement was calculated using the FAO Penman–Monteith equation. The study highlights that throughout the three distinct growing seasons (GS), the water requirements for irrigating rainfed rice fields vary, with the most substantial demand observed during the first growing season (GS I), followed by the third growing season (GS III), and the second growing season (GS II). In dry years, a consistent pattern of low water balances occurs, which persists below 500 mm across all months. Compared with the other two scenarios, the dry year shows higher variability in rainfall, as evidenced by its higher coefficient of variation of 0.620 compared with 0.347 and 0.416 for the wet and normal years, respectively. The electricity cost rate peaks in GS I, trailed by GS II and GS III, with rates of IDR 2,400, 1,180, and 1,028 per kilowatt-hour, respectively. The findings play a pivotal role in shaping regional planning decisions regarding the utilization and necessity of river water resources and the development of cropping calendars.
Co-Authors ABI PRABOWO Bayu Dwi Apri Nugroho, Bayu Dwi Apri Sahid Susanto SIGIT SUPADMO ARIF