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IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT PENCEMARAN UDARA AKIBAT AKTIVITAS TRANSPORTASI Djen, AYN Terto; Costa, Don Gaspar N. Da
Prosiding Forum Studi Transportasi Antar Perguruan Tinggi Vol 2 No 2 (2015): Prosiding Forum Studi Transportasi antar Perguruan Tinggi
Publisher : FSTPT Indonesia

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Growth in the number of motor vehicles have an impact onthe increase involume, which in turn result in increased levels of pollutants resulting from the combustion engine of the motor vehicle. Congested corridors traffic rightly evaluated the air contaminant levels, so that the causesand/ortriggersand the potential negative impact of contaminants/pollutantsreferred to can be managed fruitfully. Prediction of pollutant levelsa nalogously performe dusing a variety of mathematical models that exist,where the preamble which can be used merely parameters based on the amount of traffic volume alone. Survey results showed that the volume of traffic on the roads Jl. Sudirmanis high so that the results of the simulation identified that CO, NOx and Pb are the types of pollutants whose levels have exceeded the threshold of airquality standards as required by the Minister of Environment Decree No.554/MENLH/10/1997 about the Pollutant Standards Index (ISPU) and as required under Indonesian Government Regulation No:.41/1999 on Ambient Air Quality Standards. Recommendation strategy and/or management technique is to 1) Control of pollutants in pollutant source by limiting the volume of vehicles disparsilocation-based activity, routine vehicle controll and vehicle operating restrictions of old-engined 2) Control of pollutants in the receiving contamination by limiting the duration of activity of the cur band/orusea mask covering the nose 3) environmental quality control at contaminated locations via a coveredyard of land all ocation policy (ban concrete floor) and road side vegetation 4) Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance 5) follow policies that ban covered parking area wih concrete and road side vegetation program.

FAKTOR PEMICU PERSEPSI DAN SIKAP TOLERAN PENGENDARA TERHADAP RISIKO KECELAKAAN da Costa, Don Gaspar Noesaku; Malkhamah, Siti; Suparma, Latif Budi
Jurnal Transportasi Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Jurnal Transportasi

AbstractÂ Impact speed was believed to be the factor that associated with fatal accident. On the other hand, a number of riders believe that their braking capabilities could reduce the risk. The perception should be studied deeply. Therefore, this paper was focused to identify variables influencing riderâs risk tolerance due to speeding behavior. The risk tolerance analysis was conducted based on the values of safety factor and margin of safety, due to the differences in braking capability. Safety factor was defined as the ratio of the available stopping sight distance to a minimum stopping sight distance; whilst the margin of safety was the different between safety factor and its optimum safety criteria. All the input data were collected from the result of literature review. The result showed that vehicle deceleration, due to engine brake force, influence the vehicle speed before braking significantly, and end up with a decreasing in impact speed. Since the risk might be reduced by increasing the braking capability, the awareness of it was indicated to be the triggering factor of an accident risk toleranceâs level.Â Keywords: braking capability, minimum margin of safety, risk tolerance, speeding behaviorÂ Â AbstrakÂ Impact speed diyakini merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi kecelakaan fatal. Di lain pihak, sejumlah pengendara meyakini bahwa kemampuan pengereman mereka dapat menurunkan tingkat risiko tersebut. Persepsi tersebut perlu dipelajari lebih mendalam. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada identifikasi variabel yang memengaruhi tingkat toleransi pengendara terhadap risiko yang ditimbulkan oleh perilaku speeding. Analisis toleransi terhadap risiko tersebut didasarkan pada nilai safety factor dan margin of safety akibat perbedaan kemampuan pengereman. Safety factor merupakan rasio antara jarak pandang henti tersedia dan jarak pandang henti minimum, sedangkan margin of safety merupakan selisih antara safety factor dan kriteria keselamatan optimumnya. Seluruh data input untuk studi ini diperoleh dari hasil kajian literatur. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa perlambatan kendaraan akibat tahanan mesin berdampak signifikan pada penurunan kecepatan kendaraan sesaat sebelum pengereman dan berujung pada penurunan impact speed. Karena risiko tersebut dapat dikurangi melalui peningkatan kemampuan pengereman, pemahaman akan hal ini terindikasi menjadi faktor pemicu tingkat toleransi terhadap risiko kecelakaan.Â Kata-kata kunci: kemampuan pengereman, margin keselamatan minimum, toleransi risiko, perilaku mempercepat

Use of Systematic Approach in Accident Risk Analysis for Motorcyclists: A Conceptual Idea da Costa, Don Gaspar Noesaku; Malkhamah, Siti; Suparma, Latif Budi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 50, No 5 (2018)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Thus far, minimum stopping sight distance (SSD) is determined based on design speed, a minimum reaction time of 1.64 s and a deceleration rate of 3.4 m/s², whereas in certain situations the latter can be shorter than 1 s and higher than 4.5 m/s². Awareness of this can trigger speculative behavior, as can be seen from the choice of speed and/or the critical crossing gap, which is often smaller than the recommended minimum SSD. This study focused on the development of an appropriate minimum SSD model that is suited to risky conditions at an un-signalized intersection and its possible usage in accident risk evaluation, particularly for motorcyclists. The data were taken from direct measurements and related studies. Variables that potentially influence minimum SSD were tested. The results strongly suggest that the speed reduction achieved by downshifting significantly influences both the braking distance and the impact speed. Moreover, the minimum SSD obtained from the proposed model significantly differs from that obtained from a similar model recommended by AASHTO. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider the application of the proposed minimum SSD as an accident probability indicator parameter.

Strategi Pengelolaan Terpadu Fasilitas Pejalan Kaki Costa, Don Gaspar N. da; Demon, Stephanus Ola
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 25, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

AbstrakKetiadaan dan/atau buruknya kualitas layanan fasilitas pejalan kaki tidak saja berdampak pada gangguan kelancaran aktivitas pejalan kaki tetapi juga dapat memicu terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas. Di lokasi studi sesungguhnya sudah terdapat sejumlah fasilitas yaitu trotoar, zebra cross, Zona Selamat Sekolah (ZoSS), halte dan jembatan penyeberangan; namun hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa selain terjadi kemacetan akibat pola parkir kendaraan dan penyeberangan pejalan kaki yang tidak teratur, juga terindikasi adanya risiko kecelakaan akibat perilaku speeding pengendara sepeda motor. Studi ini tidak saja bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi aspek ketersediaan (jumlah), dimensi dan tata letak, namun juga kebutuhan pengembangannya secara berkelanjutan. Penilaian kinerja dilakukan berdasarkan pertimbangan akan aspek ketersediaan dan aspek fungsionalnya yaitu dengan membandingkannya terhadap kriteria penyediaan maupun kriteria desain tiap fasilitas dimaksud. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperlukan tidak saja perbaikan fisik dan tambahan fasilitas namun juga dimensi dan tata letaknya.AbstractThe absence and/or lack of pedestrian facilities' performance is not only affect the mobility of pedestrian activities but also could trigger traffic accident. Although there are some pedestrian facilities built at the study location such as kerb, zebra cross, school safety zone, bus stop and crossing bridge, but the result of visual observation shown that there was a traffic congestion, caused by uncontrolled parking and pedestrian crossing pattern, and high level of accident risk due to speeding behaviour of motorcyclists. The aim of this study is not only to identify the presence of number, dimension and the suitable site of the existing pedestrian facilities but also and the needs of new facilities sustainably. The assessment of those facilities’ performance was conducted based on the consideration about on the presence and functional aspects, i.e by comparing them to their available and design criteria. The result of the study showed that it is needed not only physical reconstruction and new additional facility but also improvement of dimension and/or lay out of those facilities.

FAKTOR PEMICU PERSEPSI DAN SIKAP TOLERAN PENGENDARA TERHADAP RISIKO KECELAKAAN Don Gaspar Noesaku da Costa; Siti Malkhamah; Latif Budi Suparma
Jurnal Transportasi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Forum Studi Transportasi antar Perguruan Tinggi (FSTPT)

Abstract Impact speed was believed to be the factor that associated with fatal accident. On the other hand, a number of riders believe that their braking capabilities could reduce the risk. The perception should be studied deeply. Therefore, this paper was focused to identify variables influencing rider’s risk tolerance due to speeding behavior. The risk tolerance analysis was conducted based on the values of safety factor and margin of safety, due to the differences in braking capability. Safety factor was defined as the ratio of the available stopping sight distance to a minimum stopping sight distance; whilst the margin of safety was the different between safety factor and its optimum safety criteria. All the input data were collected from the result of literature review. The result showed that vehicle deceleration, due to engine brake force, influence the vehicle speed before braking significantly, and end up with a decreasing in impact speed. Since the risk might be reduced by increasing the braking capability, the awareness of it was indicated to be the triggering factor of an accident risk tolerance’s level. Keywords: braking capability, minimum margin of safety, risk tolerance, speeding behavior Abstrak Impact speed diyakini merupakan faktor yang memengaruhi kecelakaan fatal. Di lain pihak, sejumlah pengendara meyakini bahwa kemampuan pengereman mereka dapat menurunkan tingkat risiko tersebut. Persepsi tersebut perlu dipelajari lebih mendalam. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada identifikasi variabel yang memengaruhi tingkat toleransi pengendara terhadap risiko yang ditimbulkan oleh perilaku speeding. Analisis toleransi terhadap risiko tersebut didasarkan pada nilai safety factor dan margin of safety akibat perbedaan kemampuan pengereman. Safety factor merupakan rasio antara jarak pandang henti tersedia dan jarak pandang henti minimum, sedangkan margin of safety merupakan selisih antara safety factor dan kriteria keselamatan optimumnya. Seluruh data input untuk studi ini diperoleh dari hasil kajian literatur. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa perlambatan kendaraan akibat tahanan mesin berdampak signifikan pada penurunan kecepatan kendaraan sesaat sebelum pengereman dan berujung pada penurunan impact speed. Karena risiko tersebut dapat dikurangi melalui peningkatan kemampuan pengereman, pemahaman akan hal ini terindikasi menjadi faktor pemicu tingkat toleransi terhadap risiko kecelakaan. Kata-kata kunci: kemampuan pengereman, margin keselamatan minimum, toleransi risiko, perilaku mempercepat

PENGELOLAAN RISIKO KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS: CAKUPAN, INDIKATOR, STRATEGI DAN TEKNIK Don Gaspar Noesaku da Costa; Siti Malkhamah; Latif Budi Suparma
Simposium II UNIID 2017 Vol 2 (2017)
Publisher : Simposium II UNIID 2017

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Penjabaran agenda kegiatan Rencana Umum Nasional Keselamatan (RUNK) Jalan Indonesia 2011-2035 mengindikasikan adanya upaya pengelolaan risiko kecelakaan lalu lintas secara terpadu. Sayangnya, proses dan hasil pelaksanaan Inspeksi Keselamatan Jalan, yang adalah salah satu agenda unggulan RUNK cenderung bersifat parsial dan subyektif karena tidak tersedianya kriteria obyektif indikator risiko maupun belum optimalnya kinerja kelembagaan penyelenggaraannya. Studi ini dimaksudkan untuk merekomendasikan strategi dan teknik pengelolaan risiko kecelakaan yang lebih terukur melalui penyediaan berbagai indikator risiko kecelakaan beserta teknik penilaiannya. Data dan informasi tentang indikator risiko maupun cara pengelolaan risiko eksisting dikumpulkan lalu dihitung berdasarkan ketersediaan data sekunder dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk matriks indikator maupun nilai risiko. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kuantifikasi risiko dan soluasi pengelolaannya secara obyektif hanya dapat dilakukan apabila tersedia indikator risiko yang terukur. Safety factor dan impact speed merupakan indikator peluang dan konsekuensi yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan nilai risiko kecelakaan. Indikator dan nilai risiko yang ditampilkan dalam paper ini bersifat acuan alternatif. Strategi dan teknik intervensi perilaku pengguna jalan, kecepatan, kinerja infrastruktur jalan, sistem kendali gerak kendaraan dan kelembagaan pengelolaan risiko agar diterapkan secara terpadu dan berkelanjutan. Agar berdampak kumulatif, cakupan pengelolaan risiko hendaknya melingkupi aspek konservasi; pendayagunaan, pengendalian daya rusak dan pemberdayaan sistem keselamatan; hingga perbaikan sistem informasi keselamatan.

Use of Systematic Approach in Accident Risk Analysis for Motorcyclists: A Conceptual Idea Don Gaspar Noesaku da Costa; Siti Malkhamah; Latif Budi Suparma
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 50 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2018.50.5.2

Thus far, minimum stopping sight distance (SSD) is determined based on design speed, a minimum reaction time of 1.64 s and a deceleration rate of 3.4 m/s², whereas in certain situations the latter can be shorter than 1 s and higher than 4.5 m/s². Awareness of this can trigger speculative behavior, as can be seen from the choice of speed and/or the critical crossing gap, which is often smaller than the recommended minimum SSD. This study focused on the development of an appropriate minimum SSD model that is suited to risky conditions at an un-signalized intersection and its possible usage in accident risk evaluation, particularly for motorcyclists. The data were taken from direct measurements and related studies. Variables that potentially influence minimum SSD were tested. The results strongly suggest that the speed reduction achieved by downshifting significantly influences both the braking distance and the impact speed. Moreover, the minimum SSD obtained from the proposed model significantly differs from that obtained from a similar model recommended by AASHTO. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider the application of the proposed minimum SSD as an accident probability indicator parameter.

DAMPAK TARIKAN DAN BANGKITAN PERJALANAN PENGGUNA SPBU OEBUFU TERHADAP KINERJA BAGIAN JALAN DI SEKITARNYA Don Gaspar Noesaku da Costa
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 15 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Selama ini penentuan kelas hambatan samping jalan dan kapasitas ruas jalan hanya didasarkan pada frekuensi kendaraan masuk/keluar sehingga nilai derajat kejenuhan yang diperoleh tidak dapat digunakan untuk menggambarkan dampaknya terhadap gangguan perjalanan. Studi ini difokuskan pada penilaian dampak manuver belok kanan terhadap kelancaran dan keselamatan perjalanan sehingga penilaian kinerja didasarkan pada derajat kejenuhan, tundaan dan risiko kecelakaan. Risiko adalah fungsi dari peluang terjadinya kecelakaan dan konsekuensi yang dapat ditimbulkannya. Peluang tersebut diukur melalui nilai faktor keselamatan dan konsekuensinya ditentukan berdasarkan prakiraan kecepatan kendaraan saat benturan antara kendaraan arus mayor dan masuk/keluar SPBU. Ditemukan bahwa walaupun rasio arus belok kanan akibat manuver kendaraan masuk/keluar SPBU relatif rendah, namun 1) berdampak pada tundaan perjalanan yang cukup tinggi 2) peluang kecelakaan cukup tinggi karena sejumlah pengendara melaju dengan kecepatan di atas 50 km/jam 3) celah penyeberangan kritis rerata adalah sekitar 20 m sehingga dengan pilihan kecepatan tersebut potensi kecelakaan fatal mendekati 80%.

Manajemen Kecepatan dan Jarak Aman Antar Kendaraan Berdasarkan Perbedaan Kecepatan Kendaraan yang Berjalan Beriringan Don Gaspar Noesaku da Costa; Oktovianus Edvict Semiun; Ardy Liufeto
JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL ITP Vol 7, No 2 (2020): JURNAL TEKNIK SIPIL (JTS) ITP
Publisher : LP2M ITP

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Pilihan kecepatan yang tidak sesuai sudah terbukti menjadi faktor utama penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas, terutama pada segmen jalan berisiko seperti simpang tak bersinyal, jalan menurun dan lainnya. Sejumlah penelitian terdahulu telah melaporkan bahwa peluang kecelakaan pengendara sepeda motor di persimpangan prioritas dipengaruhi oleh tidak saja pilihan kecepatan saat memasuki area persimpangan dan kemampuan pengereman pengendara arus mayor namun juga pilihan celah penyeberangan kritis pengedara jalan minor. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan peluang kecelakaan tipe tabrak belakang kendaraan yang berjalan beriringan di jalan mayor akibat pilihan celah penyeberangan kritis pengendara jalan minor. Untuk itu survei kecepatan dan jarak antar kendaraan serta celah penyeberangan kritis dilakukan dengan menggunakan kamera video. Selanjutnya, peluang kecelakaan tipe tabrak belakang disimulasikan berdasarkan perbedaan kemampuan pengereman pengendara sepeda motor yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian terkait terdahulu. Diketahui bahwa hampir tidak terdapat perbedaan kecepatan antara kendaraan yang berjalan beriringan sehingga dari hasil simulasi terindikasi kuat bahwa peluang tabrak belakang sangat ditentukan oleh perbedaan kemampuan pengereman pengendara. Hal itu berarti bahwa diperlukan upaya terstruktur dan sistematis untuk memperbaiki kemampuan pengereman pengemudi dan perilaku berkeselamatan di jalan. Kata kunci: batas kecepatan, kemampuan pengereman, tabrak belakang

Considering the Effect of Motorcyclist Risk Tolerance in Accident Risk Management: A Preliminary Study Siti Malkhamah; Latif Budi Suparma; Don Gaspar Noesaku da Costa
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 20 No. 2 (2018): SEPTEMBER 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Negative perceptions about accident are usually associated with speeding behavior. However, risk perception has not been considered in accident risk management. It is accepted as a personality matter, thus the number of accidents per year was used as accident risk tolerance indicator. Consequently, due to insufficient measurable indicators, it would be difficult to prevent the increasing speeding behavior. This paper discusses the improvement of accident risk tolerance indicators, i.e. safety factor and margin of safety, and their possible usage in speed management policies. These indicators were built based on the correlation between the results of interview and braking maneuver test. From this combine approach, using aggregated-individual and expert acceptance models, it was found that risk tolerance arose because motorcyclists accepted both the advantages and disadvantages gained from speeding, obtained through their riding frequency, duration of riding and/or accident involvement experienced. However, inappropriate speed due to miss-perception toward braking capability should be avoided. Inversely, an appropriate speed management should consider their travelling expectation

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