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Optimized Hybrid CLDNN Architecture with Enhanced Temporal-Spatial Feature Extraction for Robust Automatic Modulation Classification in Cognitive Radio Networks Daryan Pratama Alifi; Hane Yorda Dinata; Galura Muhammad Suranegara; Ichwan Nul Ichsan
Journal of Computer Science, Information Technology and Telecommunication Engineering Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/jcositte.v7i1.28935

Abstract

Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is a pivotal technology for efficient spectrum management in future cognitive radio networks. While Deep Learning has advanced the field, standard Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) often struggle to capture long-term temporal dependencies in signals affected by fading. This study proposes an Optimized Hybrid CLDNN architecture that integrates a "Wide-Kernel" CNN (k=7) for enhanced spatial feature extraction and a "High-Capacity" LSTM (100 units) for robust temporal modeling. Experimental validation using the RadioML 2016.10a dataset demonstrates that the proposed optimizations yield significant performance gains. Specifically, the model achieves a classification accuracy of 84.5% at 0 dB SNR, outperforming standard baselines in the critical transition regime. Furthermore, it reaches a peak accuracy of 92.4% at high SNR (+18 dB). A notable finding is the reduction of inter-class confusion between 16-QAM and 64-QAM, where the misclassification rate is suppressed to approximately 15%, confirming the architecture's effectiveness in resolving hierarchical modulation ambiguities in dynamic wireless environments.
Evaluating the Influence of MTU Configuration on Network Performance within a Software-Defined Networking Architecture Employing Mininet and the Ryu Controller Hane Yorda Dinata; Daryan Pratama Alifi; Abdull Kheqal
Electrician : Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Elektro Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/elc.v20n2.3095

Abstract

This study examines how variations in Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) affect network performance in a Software-Defined Networking (SDN) architecture using the Ryu controller, Mininet, and Open vSwitch. Experiments were conducted in a virtualized Ubuntu 18.04 environment with four MTU settings 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 bytes and performance was evaluated through repeated measurements of Round Trip Time (RTT), throughput, jitter, and packet loss. All scenarios produced 0% packet loss, enabling focused analysis on latency, efficiency, and temporal stability. The results indicate that MTU size has a non-linear influence on SDN behavior. The 1000-byte MTU yielded the lowest RTT (10.9 ms), while larger and smaller values introduced higher delay. Throughput peaked at 1500 bytes (11.4 Mbps) but declined sharply at 2000 bytes, reflecting inefficiencies in processing oversized packets. Jitter showed a distinct pattern, remaining low at 500 bytes, increasing at mid-range MTUs, and decreasing again at 2000 bytes, suggesting sensitivity to internal buffering and queue dynamics. Overall, MTU values between 1000 and 1500 bytes offer the most balanced performance across latency, throughput, and jitter. These findings highlight the need for careful MTU selection to optimize the operational stability and efficiency of SDN-based networks.
Analysis of Policy Based Routing (PBR) and Failover in Dual-WAN Networks Daryan Pratama Alifi; Ichwan Nul Ichsan
Aviation Electronics, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Electricals, and Controls (AVITEC) Vol 8, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/avitec.v8i1.3605

Abstract

Reliance on stable and high-speed internet connectivity is crucial for modern business operations. A failure in a single internet link often leads to significant disruptions in productivity. This study designs and implements a Dual-WAN network architecture utilizing Policy-Based Routing (PBR) combined with an automated failover mechanism on a MikroTik router. Unlike prior studies that primarily employ the Per-Connection Classifier (PCC) Load Balancing method to maximize bandwidth aggregation, this research prioritizes session integrity to minimize disruptions in sensitive applications. To validate the proposed method, a comparative analysis was performed against the conventional PCC method. The results indicate that while PCC yields a higher theoretical aggregated throughput (468.5 Mbps), it suffers from a high session drop rate in secure connections. In contrast, the proposed PBR implementation demonstrates superior connection stability with a maximum throughput of 344.25 Mbps on the primary link, alongside a responsive failover mechanism achieving a recovery latency of under 1000 ms with minimal packet loss (1–2 packets). This study concludes that the PBR architecture provides a more reliable solution compared to standard load balancing for Small Office Home Office (SOHO) and SME environments requiring high availability.