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All Journal Jurnal RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management JGE (Jurnal Geofisika Eksplorasi) Jurnal Wilayah dan Lingkungan Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) Jurnal Mineral, Energi dan Lingkungan Jurnal Mineral, Energi dan Lingkungan APPLIED RESEARCH ON CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENT (ARCEE) Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi Action Research Literate (ARL) Journal of Applied Geology Jurnal Jalan Jembatan

I Gde Budi Indrawan

Departemen Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika No. 2, Senolowo, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, D.I. Yogyakarta 55284, Indonesia.

Author-ID : 676691

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Social Sciences Transportation

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AN EVALUATION OF ROCK SLOPE STABILITY USING LIMIT EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSES Faridha Aprilia; I Gde Budi Indrawan
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 6, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

The stability of rock slopes is controlled by several factors, such as the intact rock strength, discontinuity characteristics, groundwater condition, and slope geometry. Limit equilibrium (LE) analyses have been commonly used in geotechnical practice to evaluate the stability of rock slopes. A number of methods of LE analyses, ranging from simple to sophisticated methods, have been developed. This paper presents stability analyses of rock slopes at the Batu Hijau open mine in Sumbawa Barat using various methods of LE analyses. The LE analyses were conducted at three cross sections of the northern wall of the open mine using the Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, and General Limit Equilibrium (GLE) methods in Slide slope stability package. In addition, a Plane Failure (PF) analysis was performed manually. Shear strength data of the discontinuity planes used in the LE analyses were obtained from back analyses of previous rock slope failures. The LE analysis results showed that the rock slopes were likely to have shallow non-circular critical failure surfaces. The factor of safety (Fs) values obtained from the Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, and GLE methods were found to be similar, while the Fs values obtained from the PF method were higher than those obtained from the more rigorous methods. Keywords: Batu Hijau mine, Bishop Simplified, Janbu Simplified, Janbu Generalised, limit equilibrium analyses, general limit equilibrium, rock slope stability, plane failure.

Site Investigation For Construction Of Emergency Spillway At The Jatigede Dam I Gde Budi Indrawan; Gusti Imam Warman
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 7, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

An emergency spillway has been planned to be constructed at the Jatigede Dam, West Java, to allow floodwater to flow downstream and to prevent the capacity of the main spillway to be exceeded during large flood events. The complex geology of theJatigede Dam area, however, poses a challenge to determine the suitable location for the emergency spillway construction, either in the area to the west or to the east of the embankment dam. An engineering geological mapping and landslide susceptibilityzoning were conducted to determine the engineeringgeological characteristics of the area surrounding theJatigede Dam. The site investigation showed that thearea to the west of the embankment dam tended tohave a lower slope inclination than the area to theeast of the embankment dam. Both areas to the westand to the east of the embankment dam were found tobe composed of less erosion resistant rock units. Theexistence of the earth retaining structures for slopestabilization in the area to the east of the embankment dam will, however, likely limit the flexibility in developing the emergency spillway route. With respect to the existence of fault systems, both areas to the west and to the east of the embankment dam will likely be influenced by similar conditions. The areato the west of the embankment dam tended to be lesssusceptible to landslide as compared to the area tothe east of the embankment dam. The undevelopedland use of the area to the west of the embankmen dam as compared to the area to the east of the embankment dam will provide more flexibility in construction of the emergency spillway. Due to the morefavorable engineering geological conditions, the area to the west of the embankment dam is proposed forthe location of the emergency spillway construction.Keywords: Emergency spillway, Engineering geological mapping, Jatigede Dam

Engineering Geology of Sidosari Area, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia I Gde Budi Indrawan; Diyaning Ratri
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Development of settlement area in Sidosari area and the surroundings requires complete understanding of the engineering geological conditions, including susceptibility to landslides, to prevent damaged properties and loss of lives. Surface engineering geological mapping at a 1:25000 scale was conducted to develop a detailed landslide susceptibility map for spatial planning and to identify most controlling factor of landslides in the research area based on conditions of geomorphology, rock and soil, geological structure, groundwater seepage, and land use. The engineering geological mapping showed that landslides commonly occurred in the moderate slopes of the denudational hill landform having slope inclination ranging from 9 to 17°, in the areas covered by residual soils of the vitric tuff 2 unit, in the areas of no groundwater seepage, and in the settlement areas, including in Kranjang Lor area where soil creeping occurred. The high susceptibility zone covered 55.5 % of the research area and was characterized by having slope inclinations ranging from 9 to 35°, engineering geological units of vitric tuff 2 and tuff breccia, and land uses of rice and dry ﬁelds and settlement. The low cohesion and very high swelling potential of the residual soils of the vitric tuff 2 unit were considered to be the main controlling factor of landslides in the research area.

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Using Analytical Hierarchy Process, Statistical Index, Index of Enthropy, and Logistic Regression Approaches in the TinalahWatershed, Yogyakarta I Gde Budi Indrawan; Tee Xiong; Doni Prakasa Eka Putra
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

A number of approaches have been used inlandslide susceptibility mappingand there seems to be no agreement on which approach provides best prediction of landslide susceptibility. This study was conducted to develop landslide susceptibility mapsof the Tinalah watershed at a 1:25000 scale using analytical hierarchy process (AHP), statistical index (SI), index of entropy (IOE) and logistic regression (LR) approaches and to compare performance of those approaches in predicting landslide susceptibility. Out of 114 landslides identified during site investigation, 86 landslides were selected for landslide susceptibility analyses, while the remaining 28 landslides were used to verify the results. Factors controlling landslides considered in the landslide susceptibility mapping were slope inclination, lithology, distance to fault, land use, distance to river, and rainfall. Analyses of Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves showed that the AUC values of the landslide susceptibility maps derived using AHP, SI, IOE and LR approaches were 0.784, 0.688, 0.827 and 0.834, respectively. The LR approach was concluded to perform the best in predicting landslide susceptibility in the study area.

Improvement of Engineering Properties of Residual Soil of Tuff Breccia by Electro-Kinetic Method Doni Prakasa Eka Putra; Hnin Thazin Aung; I Gde Budi Indrawan
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

This paper presents the results of an experimental study that was conductedto improve engineering properties of residual soil of tuff breccia by applying the electrokinetic method. The soil samples were taken from a slope in a high susceptible landslide area in the Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The electro-kinetic experiments were conducted using a clear glass tank of 60 cm 30 cm 30 cm size, a 13 V power pack to supply the voltage, and aluminum electrodes. The results showed that the pH value of anolyte decreased while that of catholyte increased during the treatment. The Atterberg’s limits of all soil samples decreased, while the shear strengths increased. XRD and SEM analyses indicated that there were no mineral changes after electro-kinetic experiments. However, the soil structure changed and became denser. The increased soil strength after electro-kinetic treatment would likely improve stability of natural slopes.

Mineralogical Characteristics of Hydrothermally-altered Andesite in Kalirejo Village and The Surrounding Areas, Indonesia I Gde Budi Indrawan; Diyan Aditya Putra Pratama; I Wayan Warmada
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Type and intensity of hydrothermal alterations affect rock engineering properties and slope stability. Identification of mineralogical characteristics of rocks is essential in determination of rock slope failure mechanism in a hydrothermal alteration zone. This research was conducted to identify mineralogical characteristics of hydrothermallyaltered andesite in Kalirejo Village and surrounding areas, Indonesia. The research was conducted by field observation and laboratory analyses involving petrographic and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) analyses. The results showed that the research area was dominated by argillic alteration type and high alteration intensity implying high susceptibility to slope failures

Rock Mass Characterization for Assessment of Safe Cut Slope and Rock Bearing Capacity at Gondang Dam Site, Karanganyar, Indonesia I Gde Budi Indrawan; Sao Sochan; Dwi Agus Kuncoro
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 4, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

This paper presents results of surface rock mass characterization for assessment of safe cut slopes and allowable bearing capacity of foundation rocks at the construction area of Gondang Dam. The rock mass characterization involved determination of intact rock engineering properties and rock mass quality based on the Geological Strength Index. The rock mass characterization results showed that the research area consisted of moderately to highly weathered and very weak to weak andesite breccia and andesite tuff breccia. The andesite breccia had very poor to fair rock mass quality, while the andesite tuff breccia had poor to fair rock mass quality. The research area was divided into three zones of safe cut slope and allowable bearing capacity. Landslides occurred at natural slopes having poor to very poor rock mass quality and inclinations greater than the determined safe cut slopes.The foundation rock of the embankment dam had fair rock massquality and 135–280 T/m2 allowable bearing capacity

Numerical Evaluation of Earthquake Effect on Cisumdawu Tunnel Stability I Gde Budi Indrawan; Jutika Aditya Nugraha Nugraha; Dwikorita Karnawati
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

Cisumdawu Tunnel is located approximately 3.95 km southeast of the activeLembang Fault. Earthquakes induced by movement of the the active the strike-slip fault may influence stability of the twin tunnel. This paper presents results of numerical analyses carried out to demonstrate effect of a worst-case scenario of earthquake load potentially induced by the Lembang Fault on the stability of the Cisumdawu Tunnel. Static and pseudo-static tunnel stability analyses were carried out at 11 observation stations of tunnel face mapping using RS2 finite element package (Rocscience, Inc.). In the pseudo-static analyses, a 0.48 horizontal seismic load coefficient, which was obtained from a deterministic seismic hazard analysis (DSHA) based on a 6.8 maximum magnitude of estimated earthquake sourced from the Lembang Fault using Campbell-Bozorgnia (2014) attenuation relationship, was applied to the finite element models. The numerical analysis results showed that strength factors of the rock masses around the twin tunnel were greater than unity, both under the static and earthquake loads. The forepolling zones, however, appeared to be under an overstressed condition. Reduction of rock strength factor around the tunnel roof due to application of the earthquake load occurred at all observation stations. Total displacement contours of rock masses around the twin tunnel indicated an increased rock mass displacement due to the earthquake load, as compared to that due to the static load. Under the static load, the largest displacement occurred at the tunnel inverts. The predicted roof displacements obtained from this study were in a reasonably good agreement with those obtained from the field measurements. Number of yielded elements and extend of shear and tension failure zones in the rock masses around the twin tunnel also appeared to increase due to the earthquake load. Despite slight tunnel displacement as predicted in the numerical analyses, the worst-case scenario of earthquake load potentially induced by the Lembang Fault may only cause failures of the rock masses around the Cisumdawu Tunnel. To prevent the twin tunnel displacement caused by such relatively severe earthquake loads, however, stabilizing surrounding the relatively poor ground condition may be necessary.

Mineralogical, Geochemical, and Mechanical Characteristics of Intrusive Andesite Rock Slope in Sangon 2 Area, Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia Hnin Thandar Phyu; Heru Hendrayana; I Gde Budi Indrawan; Toshitaka Kamai
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

This study was carried out to investigate mineralogical, geochemical, and mechanical characteristics of intrusive igneous rock andesite consisting of Sangon 2 Slope located in Kulon Progo Mountains. Mineralogical characteristics of the rocks consisting of the slope were identified by visual observation of hand specimens in the field and petrographic and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses of the rock samples in the laboratory, which rock genetic classification was determined. Types of rock hydrothermal alterations were determined by the presence of key minerals identified in the petrographic and XRD analyses. Hydrothermal alteration intensity was determined by comparing the number of secondary minerals to the primary minerals observed in the petrographic analyses of thin sections by point counting method. Rock weathering degrees were determined in the field based on the visual characteristics and in the laboratory-based on the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) of the rock samples. The rock uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) was determined by point load and compression tests. The results showed that the rocks typically consisted of 6.37 to 74.3% plagioclase, 1.52 to 6.82% quartz, 7.81 to 17.2% hornblende, and 4.81% pyroxene minerals and, therefore, were classified as andesite. The presence of chlorite and calcite as secondary minerals in the andesite rock samples indicated that the parent andesite rocks had undergone prophylactic hydrothermal alteration. Meanwhile, the percentages of primary minerals to secondary minerals indicated that the andesite rocks had undergone weak to high alteration intensity. Based on the visual characteristics, the research area consisted of fresh, slightly, moderately, highly, and completely weathered andesite rocks, and residual soil. The CIA values of the rock samples increased with the increase in rock weathering degree. Rock weathering degrees identified by the visual characteristics appeared to be in good agreement with those classified based on the CIA. The lower part of the mine slope profile consisted of fresh and slightly and moderately weathered andesite rocks, which had relatively high strength and were classified as very strong rocks. Meanwhile, the upper part of the slope profile consisted of highly and completely weathered andesite rocks, which had low compressive strength.Keywords: andesite, hydrothermal alteration, kulon progo, prophylactic alteration, weathering

Simulation of Kalirejo Road Side Slope based on Altered Andesite Characters, Kulon Progo Regency, Indonesia Hnin Thandar Phyu; Heru Hendrayana; I Gde Budi Indrawan; Toshitaka Kamai
Journal of Applied Geology Vol 5, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Geological Engineering Department Universitas Gadjah Mada

ABSTRACT. This study is performed to investigate the characteristics of intrusive andesite rock consisting of Kalirejo Road Side Slope located in Kulon Progo Mountains. The rocks consisting the slope are identified by visual observation of hand specimens in the field, petrographic and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses of the rock samples in the laboratory, upon which genetic rock classification is determined. The altered rock types are determined by the presence of specific minerals identified in the petrographic and XRD analyses. The alteration intensity is examined by comparing the amount of secondary minerals to the primary minerals observed in the petrographic and XRD analyses. The developments of rock weathering are determined in the field GSI classification based on the visual characteristics and in the laboratory-based on the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and engineering properties of the altered rocks. The results show that the rocks typically consisted of 33.2 to 59.2% plagioclase, 1.4 to 5.1% quartz, therefore, are classified as andesite. The presence of halloysite, montmorillonite, and kaolinite as secondary minerals in the altered andesite indicated that the parent andesite rocks have undergone argillic alteration. Meanwhile, the percentages of primary minerals to secondary minerals indicate that the andesite rocks have undergone moderate to high alteration intensity. Based on the visual characteristics, the research area consisted of fresh, slight weathered andesite rocks and complete weathered residual soil. The CIA values of the samples are increased with the increase in rock weathering. Identification of visual characteristics of rock weathering appeared to be in good agreement with those classified based on the CIA and engineering properties analysis results. The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rocks and soils is determined by point load tests. Engineering properties of the residual soils are performed by using ASTM standard procedures. In the lower part of the roadside, slope consists of fresh and slightly weathered andesite rocks, which have relatively high strength and are classified as medium strong rocks. Meanwhile, the upper part of the slope profile contained completely weathered residual soil, which had very low compressive strength, are classified as very weak soil.Keywords: andesite, argillic alteration, Geological Strength Index (GSI), hydrothermal alteration, roadside slope, weathering

Co-Authors Abd Karim, Amirul Aiman Abrar, Mifthahul Adriansyah, Yan Afandi, Valentino Ilham Aisyah Shahirah Juhari Alfrianto, Rifki Alvian Rizky Yanuardian Amirul Aiman Abd Karim Anastasia Dewi Titisari Aprilia, Faridha Ardian Baroto Murti Aung, Hnin Thazin Baniarga Prabowo Daniel Happy Putra Daru Jaka Sasangka Dian Insani Dian Rusmanawati Didit Hadi Barianto Diyan Aditya Putra Pratama Diyaning Ratri Doni Prakasa Eka Putra Dwi Agus Kuncoro Dwikorita Karnawati Fahmi Aldiamar Fahmi Aldiamar, Fahmi Faridha Aprilia Fathan Hanifi Mada Mahendra Fatkhiandari, Irien Akinina Febrie Maulana Fajrin Gevor, Even Gusti Imam Warman Hendy Setiawan Heru Hendrayana Hitznaiti Zaidini' Khul Husna Hnin Thandar Phyu Hnin Thazin Aung Husein, Salahuddin I Wayan Warmada Ikfi Maasyi Hanif Ilham Dharmawan Putra Irien Akinina Fatkhiandari Jutika Aditya Nugraha Nugraha Kamai, Toshitaka Kuncoro, Dwi Agus Mahendra, Fathan Hanifi Mada Maulana, Deviana Shinta Murti, Ardian Baroto Nugraha, Jutika Aditya Nugraha Nugroho Imam Setiawan Nurul Huda Phyu, Hnin Thandar Putra Pratama, Diyan Aditya Rama Tri Saksono Ratri, Diyaning Ridwan Umbara Salam Via Febriyanti Sao Sochan Shinta Dwi Novianti Shinta Maulana, Deviana Sia Pamela Dita Sochan, Sao Subagyo Pramumijoyo Sugeng Sapto Surjono Sunardi Sunardi Sunardi Sunarko Sunarko Sunarko Sunarko Tamado, Daniel Taufiq Muhammad Wijayanto Tee Xiong Thandar Phyu, Hnin Toshitaka Kamai Tri Puji Astuti Tri Puji Astuti Umbara, Ridwan Wahyu Wilopo Wakhid Khoiron Nugroho Warman, Gusti Imam Wawan Budianta Wijayanto, Taufiq Muhammad Wisnu Aji Dwi Kristanto Xiong, Tee Yan Adriansyah Yayi Ismanda Yunie Wiyasri

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