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All Journal Pelita Perkebunan
Ari Wibowo
Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Implications of Cocoa Pod Storage and Temperature to the Performance of Pod Components and Seedling Growth Ari Wibowo; Indah Anita-Sari; Agung Wahyu Susilo
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 37 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v37i2.424

Abstract

Cocoa seeds are recalcitrant with some problems in their storage due to lack of dormancy period. This study aimed to find out the effect of cocoa pod storage in two different temperatures and the storage period towards seed viability and growth of the seedlings. This study applied a split-plot design with storage temperature as main plot and storage period as sub-plot. Cocoa pods of Sulawesi-1 clone were harvested and stored at 20ºC and 29ºC for 3, 7, 14, and 30 days. The stored cocoa seeds were then sown for three months. The findings showed that the storage of cocoa pods at 20ºC for 30 days causing the seed water content was 45%, the growth of the seedlings after the storage was 98.7%, and could press the pod shrinkage (1.6%). The storage of cocoa pods at 29ºC for 30 days could accelerate the reduction process by 68.2%, decreased germination of seeds upto 83.4%, and reduced the water content by 44.2%. The pod storage at 20ºC for 30 days showed a high value in some aspects such as seedling height, stem diameter, leaf area, seedling fresh weight, and shoot/root ratio. The storage of pods at 29ºC for 14 days indicated a high score in the character of germination, seedlingheight, stem diameter, and fresh weight of seedlings. The storage of pods at room temperature could be conducted for 14 days, meanwhile, at controlled temperature, it could be conducted for 30 days.
Heritability and Combining Ability of Some Vegetative and Yield Characteristics of Promising Arabica Coffee Varieties in Indonesia Ari Wibowo; Miftahur Rizqi Akbar; Ucu Sumirat
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 38 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v38i1.484

Abstract

Breeding for high yielding and good quality arabica coffee is the direction of the coffee breeding program in Indonesia. Hybridization becomes the important step to select promising genotypes from the genetic variability to achieve those goals. This research aimed to study heritability and combining ability of vegetative and yield characteristics of arabica coffee offspring. This research was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications at Andungsari Experimental Station, East Java. The materials consisted of five parents of arabica coffee namely BP 542A(P1), P88(P2), S795(P3), HDT(P4), GEISHA(P5), and ten F1 hybrids as the offspring. The results showed that the narrow-sense heritability of leaf width was categorized as high. P3 and P5 varieties had the highest general combining ability (GCA) value for internode length, cluster number, and cherries number. These results indicated that both parental lines had potential as parents for the breeding program. The highest value of specific combining ability (SCA) for cherry size and leaf size was shown in crossing combination of P1×P3 and P2×P3. While, the crossing combination of P3×P4 showed the highest SCA value for cluster number, internode length, and cherries number per branch. From this crossing combination, high yielding promising lines can be obtained.
Frequency distribution and potence ratio of agronomic traits in F1 generation of intraspecific crosses of Robusta coffee. Ari Wibowo; Ucu Sumirat
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 38 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v38i2.495

Abstract

Leaf morphological traits and internode length significantly affect the adapt-ability and production of coffee plants, respectively. Therefore, genetic studies of these two characters can support the effectiveness of Robusta coffee breeding program for obtaining superior planting materials. This study aimed to determine the diversity and frequency distribution of F1 generation on internode length and leaf size of Robusta coffee crosses. The study involved six groups of F1 progeny and their reciprocals (F1R) resulted from a cross of three parents, namely BP 961, Q 121, and BP 409. Each cross combination was planted with 41–49 progenies singly side by side in Kaliwining Experimental Station, Jember, Indonesia. The observed traits were internode length and leaf size. Analysis results of progeny variation distribution showed that most of the F1 and F1R progenies from intraspecific Robusta crosses had shorter branches than both parents in all combinations of crosses, even in BP 961 × BP 409 crosses. In addition, all F1 and F1R progenies had shorter internodes than both parents. More than 50% of the progeny of Q 121 × BP 409 and BP 961 × BP 409 crosses showed leaf length trait between parents. This indicates the absence of dominance of one parent in the progeny. Less than 20.9% of the progeny had a narrower leaf size than Q 121 parent. Most of the F1 and F1R crosses had a leaf width between both parents. The leaf length and leaf width traits were incomplete dominance or recessive, while the internodelength was overdominant.
Co-Authors Agung Wahyu Susilo Indah Anita-Sari Miftahur Rizqi Akbar Ucu Sumirat Ucu Sumirat