Kerkulah P Nyeleker
Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Examining the Forms of Central Government’s Dominance over Local Governments in Liberia Kerkulah P Nyeleker; Satria Iman Prasetyo
ARISTO Vol 12, No 1 (2024): Januari
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ars.v12i1.7774

Abstract

In recent years, the government of Liberia and its stakeholders have developed several policies towards decentralization that have led to significant developments. However, challenges still remain, especially the dominance of the central government, political greed, etc. This study aims to identify the forms of central government’s dominance over local governments in Liberia and its impacts on local governance. This research applied a qualitative method with primary data obtained through interviews with relevant informants and secondary data obtained through analysis of previous studies, mass media, and policies regarding decentralization in Liberia, and analyzed using an interactive model in addition to the NVivo 12 Plus software. The findings reveal that the central government exerts dominance in three forms, including visible, hidden, and invisible forms. Visible forms include explicit regulations predominantly financial control and local officials' appointment, which allowed the central government to dictate local governance. Hidden forms mainly include intimidation and political party influence, which are not publicly acknowledged, allowing the central government to maintain its dominance and often devaluing local agendas. Invisible forms mainly include institutional capture and policy development, shaping the mindsets of local officials and citizens as well as viewing this dominance as natural, thus leading to a culture of silence. Hence, the research emphasizes the need for further reforms to ensure a balanced distribution of power and the independence of local governments to serve communities effectively and make decisions aligned with local needs.
E-Democracy and Citizen Participation in Liberia: Confronting the Challenges of Inclusivity and Engagement Kerkulah P Nyeleker; Dian Eka Rahmawati; Eko Priyo Purnomo; Non Naprathansuk
Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan : Kajian Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Politik Daerah Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Pancasakti Tegal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24905/jip.10.2.2025.129-144

Abstract

E-democracy involves the idea that digital tools such as the Internet can enhance citizen participation in decision-making. However, Liberia, a post-conflict state, still faces challenges with e-democracy. This article explores the factors obstructing the realisation of e-democracy and its goal of fostering meaningful citizen engagement in Liberia. This study used a qualitative approach, collecting secondary data from peer-reviewed articles, official reports, newspapers, and other sources, and interactively analysed in the NVivo 12 Plus software. The analysis is based on Marianne Kneuer's theory of e-democracy, which comprises three indicators: free and equal access, e-participation, and e-government. The findings indicate that the implementation of e-democracy in Liberia encounters several obstacles: (i) limited free and unequal digital access due to weak legal protections for internet freedom, online intimidation, high internet costs, and low digital literacy; (ii) absence of e-participation as citizens struggle to access timely and reliable government information. Traditional media, especially radio, continues to be the primary source compared to digital platforms; (iii) lack of e-government services owing to ineffective online government platforms and unreliable digital services, which force citizens to rely on traditional methods to access public services.