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All Journal Unnes Political Science Journal Journal of Political Issues International Journal of Law and Public Policy (IJLAPP) Journal of Terrorism Studies International Review of Humanities Studies Journal Middle East and Islamic Studies Unnes Political Science Journal
Sims, Juan Pablo
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Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Physics Social Sciences Other

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STRATEGIC PATHWAYS TO MINIMAL DETERRENCE AND COUNTER-TERRORISM: ENHANCING BRUNEI’S DEFENSE CAPABILITIES Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Komšić, Filip; Sims, Juan Pablo
Journal of Terrorism Studies Vol. 6, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This paper explores the strategic enhancement of Brunei’s military capabilities under the guidelines of the Brunei Defense White Paper 2021, focusing on establishing a robust minimal level deterrence. It emphasizes transitioning from conventional defense paradigms to an integrated, technologically advanced military structure tailored to contemporary and future security challenges. The significance of minimal level deterrence is analyzed, illustrating how a proportionate and efficient military force not only deters potential aggressors but also supports counter-terrorism efforts. This approach underscores the dual benefits of ensuring national security while facilitating economic stability and growth, allowing Brunei to allocate resources more effectively between defense and development sectors. The discussion extends to how Brunei can optimize its defense expenditure by investing in high-impact technologies that enhance capability across air, land, and naval forces without necessitating a large military footprint. The paper argues that such strategic investments not only bolster national and regional security but also enhance Brunei's international standing by contributing to a stable Southeast Asian region. The integration of advanced technologies and a focus on multi-domain operations are proposed as key strategies for maintaining security and supporting economic objectives.
ASEAN at the Crossroads of US-China Rivalry: The Role of Majority Voting and the Introduction of a Permanent Secretary-General Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Sims, Juan Pablo
International Journal of Law and Public Policy (IJLAPP) Vol 6 No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Lamintang Education and Training Centre, in collaboration with the International Association of Educators, Scientists, Technologists, and Engineers (IA-ESTE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ijlapp-0601.586

Abstract

This paper examines ASEAN's need for structural reform amidst the US-China rivalry, highlighting the limitations of its consensus approach during crises. It proposes majority voting as an emergency measure and advocates for a Permanent Secretary-General position, ensuring consistent leadership. The analysis balances the benefits and challenges of these reforms, emphasizing the necessity for ASEAN to evolve while maintaining its core values, ensuring relevance and unity in addressing major geopolitical challenges.
An Alternative to the Liberal World Order: China, BRICS, and Middle East Diplomacy Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Kornphetcharat, Kotchaphop; Sims, Juan Pablo
Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This paper explores how China and BRICS are emerging as strategic alternatives to the liberal international order, particularly in the realm of diplomacy and mediation for periphery states in the Middle East. Drawing on a realist theoretical framework, the study argues that these platforms offer pragmatic, interest-based avenues for engagement that contrast sharply with the conditionalities and normative expectations of Western-led institutions. Through case studies such as China’s mediation in the Iran–Saudi Arabia normalization and the expansion of BRICS+ to include Middle Eastern actors, the paper demonstrates how sovereignty, non-interference, and multipolarity have become central organizing principles for a new diplomatic architecture. For periphery states traditionally excluded or constrained by the liberal order, BRICS and China provide critical tools to bargain, hedge, and enhance agency in an increasingly fragmented world.
SOFT POWER: BRICS CULTURAL DIPLOMACY AND THE REBALANCING OF GLOBAL NARRATIVES Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Kornphetcharat, Kotchaphop; Sims, Juan Pablo
International Review of Humanities Studies
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

BRICS has broadened its agenda beyond finance to cultivate soft power through coordinated cultural diplomacy. Examining official statements, press releases, and scholarly commentary on the bloc’s flagship film, sports, and ministerial initiatives, this article shows that cooperation is advancing from one-off spectacles toward structured, recurring institutions. Findings indicate two simultaneous dynamics: outwardly, BRICS venues amplify Global-South perspectives that diversify international cultural flows; inwardly, member states use the same platforms to signal national prestige, revealing persistent status competition. The result is an early but uneven cultural architecture—one that counters Euro-Atlantic narrative dominance yet has not crystallized into a fully coherent BRICS identity. The study argues that success will hinge on tighter media coordination and concrete, mutually beneficial projects capable of deepening collective resonance while balancing internal hierarchies.
The BRICS+ Expansion, Global Trade Dynamics, and the Dedollarization Phenomenon Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Sims, Juan Pablo
Unnes Political Science Journal Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/upsj.v8i1.4432

Abstract

This paper delves into the transformative role of the expanded BRICS bloc, referred to as BRICS+, in the evolving global economic landscape and its implications for dedollarization. The inclusion of nations such as Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Egypt, and the UAE diversifies the bloc's economic and geopolitical reach, extending its influence into new regions like Africa and the Middle East. The study underscores the potential of BRICS+ as a catalyst in the dedollarization narrative, driven by the desire for economic autonomy, geopolitical strategies, and hedging against U.S. dollar volatility. The analysis further explores the intricate relationship between the BRICS+ expansion, global trade dynamics, and dedollarization. The paper concludes by emphasizing the potential of the BRICS+ bloc to reshape global trade dynamics, influence trade policies, establish new trade routes, and foster regional connectivity, all while advancing the agenda of a more diversified and multipolar economic world order.
Nusantara's Northern Neighbors: Brunei, Sabah, Sarawak, and the Prospects of a Pan-Borneo Railway in ASEAN Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Sims, Juan Pablo; Ouyang, Hanzhen; Komšić, Filip; Bettani, Salman Ali
Unnes Political Science Journal Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/upsj.v8i2.12129

Abstract

Borneo, the world's third-largest island, presents a unique intersection of diverse ecosystems and indigenous cultures set within the complexities of Southeast Asia's socio-economic and geopolitical fabric. This research delves into the developmental trajectories of Sabah, Sarawak, and Brunei, emphasizing their historical resource endowments and contemporary challenges. Positioned against the backdrop of Indonesia's Nusantara initiative, which seeks to galvanize Kalimantan's growth, this study articulates strategic pathways for the northern territories. Drawing from comprehensive evaluations, it bridges the existing literature gap by integrating analyses of critical resources, exploring the viability of the Pan-Borneo Railway, and examining its potential impacts. Moreover, it provides comparative insights with other regional transport projects and underscores Borneo's potential transformation into a pivotal trade nexus. The study culminates by highlighting how fortifying Northern Borneo's capabilities could reciprocally amplify Kalimantan's regional prominence. The research underscores the need for collaborative imperatives and strategic integration.
Mendefinisikan Kembali Pembangunan Regional: Kasus untuk Bank Pembangunan ASEAN Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Sims, Juan Pablo
Journal of Political Issues Vol 6 No 1 (2024): Journal of Political Issues (February - July)
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Politik Universitas Bangka Belitung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33019/jpi.v6i1.160

Abstract

Amidst ASEAN's vibrant economic expansion lies an urgent need for a specialized financial institution—an ASEAN Development Bank (ASDB)—to harness and guide this growth. The region's dynamic diversity in development stages presents a unique opportunity for the ASDB to act as the catalyst for economic resilience and regional integration. This urgency is underscored by the potential for the ASDB to provide targeted financial strategies, directly addressing the specific challenges faced by member states. A robust and equitable governance structure will be crucial for the ASDB to facilitate strategic decision-making and sustainable development. The establishment of the ASDB is not just timely but imperative to ensure that ASEAN's economic growth is balanced, inclusive, and sustainable, positioning the region as an integrated, resilient economic powerhouse on the global stage.
The Interplay of Public Health, Politics, and Economics in COVID-19 Border Control Strategies: A Comparative Study of Brunei Darussalam, UK, China, Germany, and Australia Lee, Brice Tseen Fu; Asihaer, Ayidana; Sims, Juan Pablo; Ali, Salman
Unnes Political Science Journal Vol 7 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/upsj.v7i2.75374

Abstract

This study investigates the effectiveness of border control in containing the spread of COVID-19. Through a literature review and discourse analysis, the study examines the pandemic response of China, the UK, Brunei Darussalam, Australia, and Germany, with a focus on their border control policies. The data collected suggests that countries with closed borders were more successful in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of health statistics, such as the prevention of infection, hospitalization cases, and death rates. Effective domestic public health measures, including mask mandates and social distancing, were also found to be critical components of successful pandemic containment protocols. However, the study also highlights the impact of domestic and international relations and political perceptions on shaping each government’s pandemic response. The role of the economy was identified as the biggest factor contributing to the government decision to close their borders, with regime type considered to a certain extent as it allows for less pushback towards policy changes. Overall, the study suggests that a combination of effective domestic public health measures and border controls is critical to containing the spread of COVID-19.
Co-Authors Asihaer, Ayidana Bettani, Salman Ali Komšić, Filip Kornphetcharat, Kotchaphop Lee, Brice Tseen Fu Ouyang, Hanzhen Salman Ali