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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science AGROLOGIA : Jurnal Ilmu Budidaya Tanaman JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Agroradix : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Jurnal Agrosilvopasture-Tech
Simos H.T Raharjo
Program Study Pemuliaan Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura, Jln. Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Poka, Ambon 97233, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science

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Selection Indicators of Yield Components and Yield for Improvement of Local Sweet Potato under Water Stress Helen Hetharie; Simon Hadi Teguh Raharjo; Edizon Jambormias; Reny Tomasoa; Anna Yuliana Wattimena
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 43, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v43i1.1993

Abstract

Genetic diversity is required for crop improvement against environmental stress. Astudy wasconducted to determine characters as selection indicators of water-stress tolerance, and of yield components and yield. The research method involved a one-factor experiment with 21 sweet potato clones, using a Completely Randomized Block design with three replicates. Water stress in this study mean that the bottom of plants was submerged in water at 2 and 3 months of age. Determination of selection indicators was conducted by estimating the coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variations, heritabilities, genetic advance and correlation test result. The characters of number of leaves, individual leaf area, leaf area per plant, leaf area index, stem length, internode length, number of tubers (storage root), individual tuber weight and yieldas selection indicators of water stress tolerance. Selection indicators of yield components consisted of less number of leaves, small leaf size, short stemsand number of branches, whereas selection indicators of yield were small leaf size, number of branches, number of tubers and individual tuber weight. Selection became effective and efficient when the selection indicators were influenced greatly by genetic factors.
Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa S. Tuhuteru; Meity L Hehanussa; Simon H.T Raharjo
Agrologia Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Agrologia: Jurnal Ilmu Budidaya Tanaman
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/a.v1i1.293

Abstract

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.
Penggunaan Adenin Sulfat Pada Perbanyakan Mikro Talas Jepang W Hattu; Dj. F Parera; Simos H.T Raharjo
Agrologia Vol 7, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/a.v7i2.763

Abstract

Taro is a staple food source in several regions of Indonesia. One type of this crop, namely Japanese taro or satoimo [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. antiquorum], is widely consumed in Japan so that there are export opportunities into the country. To overcome the problem of lack of propagules in the cultivation of taro, quality seed production can be done with micro propagation. This study aimed to obtain MS tissue culture media with the right concentration of adenine sulfate for Japanese taro micro propagation. The study was designed as a single factor experiment with a Completely Randomized Design, with an experimental factors of adenine sulfate concentration consisting of 5 levels, namely: A0 (control, 0 mg / l), A1 (10 mg / l), A2 (60 mg / l ), A3 (110 mg / l), A4 (160 mg / l), and with 5 replications. The use of MS media with BAP 0.5 mg /l + adenine sulfate 160 mg/l gave the best results for shoot multiplication with an average number of shoots produced 21.40 per culture bottle, at 12 weeks after culturing. The success percentage of plantlet acclimatization was 86%, and tissue cultur propagules subsequently was able to grow normally under ex vitro conditions.
AKURASI KARAKTERISASI TINGKAT IN SITU TANAMAN UBI JALAR PADA DUA KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN SERAM BAGIAN BARAT Helen Hetharie; Simon H T Raharjo; Gelora H Augustyn; Marietje Pesireron
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 13 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2017.13.2.103

Abstract

Morphological characters of above ground plant parts can be used to distinguishsweet potato accessions. The objective of this study was to get a number of diversity of sweet potato accessions based on above ground part morphology and to determine the accuracy of in situ characterization. This study used a survey method in five villages in two sub-districts, namely Inomosol and Huamual Muka, Western Ceram District. The first stage of this study involved in situ characterization, and the second stage involved planting and ex situ morphological characterization of 2-month-old plants which was used sweet potato descriptors. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that there were 25 accessions of sweet potato found in Huamual Muka and Inomosol Sub-districts, as distinguished by leaf shape and color, leaf patterns and leaf lobe number, petiole and stem colors, and vine twisting tendency. Verification results of the above ground morphology showed accuracy of ≥80% in 3 phenotypes in leaf lobe pattern, shape of central leaf lobe, linear middle leaves, leaves with 1, 5 and 7 lobes, green abaxial leaf veins, 2 petiole color phenotypes, purplish red stem, and stem additional colors. Meanwhile, the accuracy of characterization of other phenotypes was 0-76%. Keywords: diversity, ex situ, Ipomoea batatas, Maluku, morphology ABSTRAK Karakter morfologi tajuk ubi jalar dapat digunakan sebagai pembeda antar aksesi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan sejumlah klon ubi jalar yang beragam berdasarkan morfologi tajuk serta ketepatan karakterisasi morfologi pada tingkat in situ. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei di lima desa pada dua kecamatan yaitu kecamatan Inomosol dan Huamual Muka pada Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat, Propinsi Maluku. Tahap pertama dengan mengkarakterisasi morfologi tajuk di kebun petani (in situ), dan tahap kedua penanaman dan karakterisasi ex situ di kebun koleksi pada umur tanaman 2 bulan menggunakan deskriptor ubi jalar. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 25 aksesi ubi jalar di kecamatan Inomosol dan Huamual Muka yang dibedakan berdasarkan bentuk dan warna daun, pola dan jumlah lekuk daun, warna tangkai dan batang, serta sifat membelit. Hasil verifikasi terhadap karakterisasi in situ didapatkan akurasi ≥80% pada 3 fenotip pada pola lekuk daun, daun dengan bentuk bagian tengah linear, daun dengan jumlah cuping 1, 5 dan 7, tulang daun permukaan bawah berwarna hijau, 2 fenotip pada warna tangkai daun, batang berwarna merah keunguan, serta ada warna tambahan pada batang. Sedangkan akurasi karakterisasi pada fenotip lainnya yaitu 0-76%. Kata kunci: ex situ, Ipomoea batatas, keragaman, Maluku, morfologi
Keragaman dan Potensi Genetik Ubi Jalar Lokal Pada Kondisi Partial Submergence Helen Hetharie; Simon H T Raharjo; Anna Y Wattimena; Reny Tomasoa; La Dahamarudin
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 14 No 1 (2018): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2018.14.1.1

Abstract

Excess ground water above normal due to high rainfall affect the growth and yields of crops. The objectives of the study were to measure the genetic diversity of local sweet potato clones, to obtain characters of vegetative and yield characters that were responsive against of partial submergence and sweet potato clones that had highest yield components. The method of research was a one-factor experiment involving 21 sweet potato clones using a Completely Randomized Block design with 3 replication. The partial submergence in this study mean that was the lower parts of the plants submerged when the plant were 2 and 3 months old. Data were analyzed with F test, genotype and phenotype variance, and DMRT test. The results show the sweet potato clones have a wide diversities of vegetative and yield characters. Vegetative characters that were positively responsive to partial submergence were the number of green leaves, leaf area per plant, leaf area index, and stem length. Yield characters that were positively responsive to partial submergence were tuber number and tuber length. Some of the clones with the highest production potential were shown through two of the three yields indicators (tubers number, individual tuber weight and tuber weight per plant), i.e. A13, AR15, B9, BSepa-U, BR5, H1 clones and Antin 2 variety.. Keywords: excess water, genotype variance, Ipomoea batatas, Maluku, yield character ABSTRAK Kelebihan air tanah di atas normal akibat curah hujan yang tinggi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengukur keragaman genetik klon-klon ubi jalar lokal, serta mendapatkan karakter vegetatif dan karakter hasil yang responsif positif terhadap partial submergence dan klon ubi jalar yang mempunyai komponen hasil tertinggi. Metode penelitian berupa percobaan satu faktor yaitu 21 klon ubi jalar menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap berblok dengan pengulangan tiga kali. Partial submergence dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagian bawah dari tanaman terendam air pada umur tanaman 2 dan 3 bulan. Analisis data dengan uji F, ragam genotip dan fenotip, dan uji DMRT. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa klon-klon ubi jalar mempunyai keragaman luas pada semua karakter vegetatif dan produksi. Karakter vegetatif yang responsif positif terhadap partial submergence yaitu jumlah daun hijau, luas daun per tanaman, indeks luas daun dan panjang batang. Karakter produksi yang responsif positif terhadap partial submergence yaitu jumlah umbi dan panjang umbi. Beberapa klon dengan potensi produksi melalui dua dari tiga indikator produksi (jumlah umbi, bobot per umbi dan bobot umbi segar per tanaman) tertinggi yaitu A13, A15, B9, BSepa-U, BR5, H1, dan varietas Antin 2. Kata kunci: Ipomoea batatas, karakter hasil, Maluku, ragam genotip, terendam
Effect of Coconut Water and Benzyl Adenine with Different Concentrations on Potato Tissue Culture (Solanum tuberosum L.) Var. Granola Hana S. Tomatala; Simon Raharjo; Meitty L. Hehanussa
Agrologia Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Agrologia: Jurnal Ilmu Budidaya Tanaman
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajibt.v12i1.1693

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of giving coconut water and the right concentration of benzyl adenine in MS media for potato tissue culture of Granola variety. The study was carried out from November to January 2022, in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University, Ambon. This study used a 2-factor completely randomized design (CRD); the first factor was the concentration of coconut water 0 with 100 ml/l, and the second factor was the concentration of BA consisting of 0.1,2,3,4 mg/l. The study was conducted with 7 replicates and each replication consisted of 5 explants in each culture bottle, so that there were 350 cultures as the unit of observation. The variables observed in this study included the number of shoots, the number of internodes, the number of branches, and the number of roots per plantlet. The results showed that the concentration of coconut water 0 and 100 ml/l had an effect on the number of internodes and the number of roots at 4 weeks after planting. Benzyl adenine at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/l had an effect on the variable number of shoots at 8 WAP and the number of internodes at 2 - 8 WAP; which also applies to the number of roots. Whereas, the interaction between both factors affected the number of internodes at 4, 6, and 8 weeks, which also applies to the number of roots.
Keragaan Dan Daya Hasil Beberapa Varietas Jagung Lokal Pulau Kisar, Kabupaten Maluku Barat Daya Akerina, Allinsia Meilany; Laisina, Jane K J; Raharjo, Simon H T
Jurnal Agrosilvopasture-Tech Vol 3 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Agrosilvopasture-Tech
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/j.agrosilvopasture-tech.2024.3.1.166

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the performance and yield of several local corn acccessions from Kisar Island, Maluku Barat Daya (MBD) or Southwestern Maluku Regency. This research was carried out on the field of the Kisar Island Agricultural Extension Center located in Lebelau Village, MBD Regency from November 2022 to February 2023. The research was carried out as an experiment designed as a single factor Randomized Block Design, with 4 replicates. The single factor was corn accession/variety consisting of four local corn accessions from Kisar Island and one superior variety of Sukmaraga as a comparison. The results of this study showed that local corn from Kisar Island in the form of the Merah Delima Kisar accession had the highest values for the variables of plant height, leaf number, and cob height when compared with the Putih Kisar accession, the Kuning Bunga Kisar accession and the Ungu Kisar accession. The Putih Kisar accession had high values for cob plus kernel weight with husks (145.40 g), cob plus kernel weight without husks (127.33 g), fruit diameter (4.08 cm), cob length (13.98 cm), number of kernels per plant (391.75), weight of 100 kernels (33.00 g) and kernel weight per plant (114.09 g), when compared with the Merah Delima Kisar, Kuning Bunga Kisar, and Ungu Kisar accessions. The Putih Kisar and Merah Delima Kisar accessions showed high yields. They were not significantly different from the Sukmaraga variety, which had the highest yields based on kernel weight per plant.
Ketahanan Beberapa Galur Harapan Kacang Hijau Asal Kepulauan Tanimbar Terhadap Penyakit Busuk Akar Basah (Rhizoctonia Solani Kuhn) Laritmas, Irma S; Leiwakabessy, Christoffol; Raharjo, Simon H.T
Jurnal Agrosilvopasture-Tech Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Agrosilvopasture-Tech
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/j.agrosilvopasture-tech.2024.3.2.213

Abstract

Mung bean is a supplemental and alternative food source whose disease attacks often hamper cultivation. One of the main diseases that attacks mung beans is wet root rot caused by R. solani, which has a negative effect on growth and causes a decrease in crop yield. This research aimed to determine mung bean lines resistant to wet root rot disease and the level of resistance of the lines from the Tanimbar Islands to wet root rot disease. This research was carried out at the Disease Diagnosis Laboratory, Pattimura University, and took place from July to September 2023. It used descriptive analysis involving eight treatments in the form of 8 local mung bean genotypes from the Tanimbar Islands. The R. solani isolate used to test the resistance of mung bean genotypes was taken from samples of diseased plants (mustard), isolated on PDA media, and grown for seven days. The genotypes that were tested by inoculation at the seedling stage consisted of KC_3-8, KC_6-1, KC_8-2, KC_9-10, KC_23-6, KC_23-8, KC_23-9, and KC_26-4. In addition to the growth of young seedlings after inoculation, the parameters as indicators of mung bean resistance were the incubation period and disease severity in each genotype. Analyses of the incubation period, severity of wet root rot disease, and vegetative plant growth data consisting of sprout height, number of leaves, root length, and fresh and dry weight, were carried out descriptively. The results of this study indicate that three genotypes were moderately susceptible to R. solani, namely KC_6-1, KC_3-8, and KC_9-10; whereas the genotypes KC_26-4, KC_23-6, KC_25-8, KC_25-8, KC_28-9 were included in the susceptible category. The lowest root rot disease severity was found in genotypes KC_6-1, KC_3-8, and KC_9-10, while the other five genotypes were in the high category.
EKSPLORASI MORFOLOGI DAN KANDUNGAN PROKSIMAT PADA UBI JALAR (Ipomoea Batatas L.) DARI KEPULAUAN KEI, MALUKU Bugis, Putri Aini; Raharjo, Simon Hadi Teguh; Wahditiya, Andi Adriani
AGRORADIX : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 8 No 1 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam Darul 'Ulum (UNISDA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52166/agroteknologi.v8i1.6843

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the most distinguishing morphological characteristics among several accessions of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) and to measure the water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content in each accession. The research methods included land preparation, preparation of four types of sweet potato colors ready for planting, planting, morphological observations, and harvesting. The study was conducted in Ohoitahit Village, North Dullah Island District, Tual City, Kei Islands, Maluku. The results showed that there were four types of sweet potato accessions with various morphological characteristics. Each accession showed significant diversity in stem length, leaf shape, and tuber shape. These observations indicate that morphological diversity among accessions can be used as the main distinguishing parameter. Proximate analysis showed variation in water, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content among the four sweet potato accessions. This data provides important insights into the agronomic potential and nutritional value of sweet potatoes from the Kei Islands, which can be used for the development of superior varieties and further utilization in the food industry. This research also reinforces the importance of conservation and utilization of local biodiversity in supporting regional food security.
Diversity of Morphology and Reproduction Phenology of Clove Germplasm on Manipa Island, Western Seram, Maluku Ulath, Yohana; Mahulette, Asri S; Raharjo, Simon H T
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 19 No 2 (2023): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2023.19.2.149

Abstract

Manipa Island, in Western Seram Regency, Maluku Province, Indonesia, is one of the cloves-producing centers in Maluku. So far, the study of clove germplasm on Manipa Island is still minimal, especially studies on morphological diversity and flowering phenology. The study aimed to (1) obtain data and information on morphological characteristics of various clove germplasm on Manipa Island and (2) obtain data and information on reproductive phenology of various clove germplasm on Manipa Island. The study was carried out in two clove distribution areas on Manipa Island, namely West Tomalehu Village (altitude >600 m asl) and East Tomalehu Village (<600 m asl), from March-December 2021. Morphological investigation in this study used survey methods, whereas observations of reproductive phenology were carried out through interviewing representative farmers. The results showed three types of cloves on Manipa Island, namely Tuni, Red Zanzibar, and White Zanzibar. Based on Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), cloves in Manipa Island were divided into two large groups with a coefficient of dissimilarity of 33%, namely the Tuni clove group as the first group and the Red Zanzibar and White Zanzibar cloves as the second group. The main characterizing character based on Principle Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that the characterizing character in the Red Zanzibar and White Zanzibar cloves was the color of the shoots. In contrast, in Tuni cloves, characterizing characters were the color of the old leaves and the color of petiole tips. The phenology of clove reproduction on Manipa Island consisted of 7 stages, namely: flower induction, flower initiation, pre-anthesis, anthesis, pollination and fertilization, as well as fruit and seed formation, fruit and seed enlargement, and fruit and seed ripening. The timing of the occurrence of each of these phenological stages throughout the year in Manipa Island was determined in this study.
Co-Authors Akerina, Allinsia Meilany Andi Adriani Wahditiya Anna Y Wattimena Anna Yuliana Wattimena Augustyn, Gelora Helena Bugis, Putri Aini Dj. F Parera Edison Jambormias Hana S. Tomatala Helen Hetharie Helen Hetharie Helen Hetharie Imelda Jeanette Lawalata La Dahamarudin Laisina, Jane K J Laritmas, Irma S Leiwakabessy, Christoffol Mahulette, Asri S Manuputty, Ariance Marietje Pesireron Meitty L. Hehanussa Meity L Hehanussa Reny Tomasoa Sumiyati Tuhuteru Tomasoa, Reny Ulath, Yohana W Hattu