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All Journal Warta IHP (Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian)
Pohan, H.G
Balai Besar Industri Agro
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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(The Effect of Stove Change Design and The Specific Gravity Briquette Bamboo Charcoal to Increasing of Heating efficiency) Pohan, H.G; Waspodo, Priyo; Yang Setiawan, Yang
Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian Vol 26, No 01 (2009)
Publisher : Balai Besar Industri Agro

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Abstract

Experiment on the use of modified anglo (rural type of stove) and density of bamboo charcoal briquette of Andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) and Petung (Denrocalamus asper) have been carried out to increase its heating efficiency. Observation was carried out on temperature profile, temperature elevation rate, fuel consumption rate and heating efficiency.Analysis on the charcoal briquettes includes moisture content, volatile substance on 950  C, fixed carbon and calorific value.The experiment revealed that the use of bamboo charcoal briquette of Andong and Petung with density respectively of 0.484 and 0.488 in unmodified traditional anglo give heating efficiency of respectively 16.36 % and 17.4 %. Whereas by increasing the density of bambu charcoal of Andong and Petung to respectively 0.5689 gr/cm3 and 0.5021 gr/cm3 and reducing the ventilation of anglo, the heating efficiebcy can be increased to respectively 40.27 % and 45.06 %. Moreover, the tested bamboo charcoal briquette of Andong has moisture content of 6.83 % (wb),volatile substance at 950 C of 22.71 %, Fixed carbon of 71.15 % and calorific value of 6668 cal/g, whereas the bamboo charcoal briqutte of Petung has moisture content of 4.25 % *wb), volatile substance at 950 C of 25.48 %, fixed carbon of 68.19 % and calorific value of 5018 cal/g.
(The Study of Making Bamboo Charcoal and Vinegar using Pyrolisis Kiln of Semi Commercial Scale) Pohan, H.G; Wijaya, Hendra; Suherman, Ade
Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian Vol 27, No 01 (2010)
Publisher : Balai Besar Industri Agro

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Study on production of bamboo charcoal an vinegar have been carried out semi commercially using pyrolysis furnace with a volume of 6 m3. The result of this study is expected to be a model of processing bamboo charcoal and vinegar for rural area. Observations were made on the characteristics of pyrolysis, yield of charcoal and bamboo vinegar, and characteristics of charcoal i.e., water content, ash, volatile matter, fixed carbon, calories, and pH. The bamboo raw material availability and techno-economical analysis were also conducted. The study revealed that the temperature of the out coming gar during the pyrolization process was 300 to 350 oC, the average yield of charcoal and vinegar were 27.33% and 33.61% respectively. The resulted bamboo charcoal has water content of 3.06%, volatile matter at 950oC was 40.03% (wb), ash content was 7.2% (wb), fixed carbon of 52.37% (wb) and calorific value of 5777 cal/g. The resulted bamboo vinegar has pH 4 and its refractive index was ranged from 3.25 - 3.75. The availability of raw material bamboo in the Village at Desa Tenjojaya, Kecamatan Cibadak Kabupaten Sukabumi, within the radius of 4 km was 3620 ton, while the possible selling price of the resulted charcoal was Rp. 3.000.-/kg whereas the vinegar was Rp.5000.-/kg. The techno-economical analysis of the processing unit of bamboo charcoal and vinegar with the capacity of 10 tons of charcoal per month revealed Present Value (NPV) of Rp.596.000.000,-, the Internal Rate pf Return (IRR) of 78% or Pay-back period was 1.3 years.
(The Process of Pyrolization Bamboo Throuugh Direct Combustion by using Fire Brick Kiln) Pohan, H.G; Maman Rohaman, M
Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian Vol 25, No 02 (2008)
Publisher : Balai Besar Industri Agro

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Abstract

The study on effect of bamboo variety and pyrolization through direct combustion using a fire brick klin model wquiped with a condenser to produce charcoal and vinegar has been carried out. The observation was conducted on the time and temperature profile of pyrolization process, yield of charcoal and its collected vinegar. The resulted charcoal and its liquor were subjected to further analysis, i.e. ash content, volatile matter at 950C, fixed carbon content, and calorific value for the charcoal and the pH, organic subtances profile for the liquor. The study revealed that the yield of charcoal was varied from the lowest 8. 07 % (wb) of Bamboo Petung and the highest of 20.81% (wb)i.e., of Bamboo Andong. The ash content of charcoal was varied from 5.01 to 6.8% (wb). The volatile matter at 950C was varied from 17.47 to 33.96% (wb) whereas the fixed carbon content was ranged from 5237 to 6637 cal/g. The electrica! conductivity was ranged from 8 - >9 , degree of crystallite between 10,45 and 14,51 % and surface area was ranged from 41,9 to 118,5 cm/g. it is also revealed yhat the yield of the Bamboo vinegar was varied from 6,52 - 17,26 % (wb) with pH varied from 3.75 to 4.01. The content of organic compounds found in liquor was varied i.e,. 19 compounds found in the liquor of Bamboo Andong, with dominant compound of tricyclo(2.2.2.1.0(2,6)heptene, 1,7 -dimetyhl-7-(4-methyl-3-penthyl)-(CAS)Si which comprised to 29.69 %, 29 compounds in liquor of Bamboo Petung with dominant compound of Acetic acid (CAS) Ethylic acid which comprised to 40.66 %, 13 compounds in liquor of Bamboo Ampel with domonant compounds of 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaene, 2,6,10,15,19,23,-hexamethyl- (CAS) Squ which comprised to 73.38 %; 39 compounds in liquor of bamboo Tali with dominant compound of cyclohexanon, 2-Isobutyl which comprised to 18.64% and 64 compounds was detected in liqour of bamboo Hitam domonant compounds of 2,3-dihydro-Ben zofuran which comprised to 11.53 %
(Effect of Temperature and Concentration of Sodium Hidroxida Producing Activated Carbon From Paddy Husk) Pohan, H.G; Siallagan, Christiana; Wulandari, Rianti
Warta Industri Hasil Pertanian Vol 11, No 1-2 (1994)
Publisher : Balai Besar Industri Agro

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Abstract

Production of activated carbon from paddy husk has been conducted with activation temperature and refluxed by NaOH (at 50-60 degree C. The activation temperature are 600; 800; and 1000 degree C with the concentration of NaOH 5;10;and 15%.The result is treated with activation temperature 800 degree C with 15% NaOH. The result has adsoption ability 514,36 mg/gr.From the analysis result of bond funcation showed that the activated carbon act as carbon-H (carbon with alkaline bond function).
Co-Authors Maman Rohaman, M Siallagan, Christiana Suherman, Ade Waspodo, Priyo Wijaya, Hendra Wulandari, Rianti Yang Setiawan, Yang