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All Journal West Science Social and Humanities Studies Ipso Jure
Hendri Khuan
Universitas Borobudur
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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The Effect of Legal Awareness, Access to Justice, and Social Support on Legal Compliance Behavior in MSMEs in Jakarta Hendri Khuan; Loso Judijanto; Arief Fahmi Lubis
West Science Social and Humanities Studies Vol. 2 No. 02 (2024): West Science Social and Humanities Studies
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsshs.v2i02.668

Abstract

This research investigates the influence of legal awareness, access to justice, and social support on legal compliance behavior within Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Jakarta. Utilizing a quantitative approach with a sample of 150 businesses, the study employs Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to analyze the relationships between the key constructs. The results reveal significant positive associations between legal awareness, access to justice, social support, and legal compliance behavior. The findings emphasize the importance of legal education, improved access to justice, and supportive networks in fostering a culture of compliance among MSMEs. The study contributes to the understanding of factors influencing legal behavior in the context of small businesses and provides practical implications for policymakers, business support organizations, and MSME stakeholders.
The Dispute Resolution Revolution: A Civil Law Analysis of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) Mechanisms Hendri Khuan; Achmad Fitrian; Loso Judijanto; Herry M Polontoh
Ipso Jure Vol. 1 No. 12 (2025): Ipso Jure - January
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/rfr3fg70

Abstract

The development of information technology and digitalization has encouraged the emergence of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) as an alternative dispute resolution that is more efficient and adaptive to the dynamics of electronic transactions. ODR, supported by Law No. 11/2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) and its amendments, offers a faster and more affordable solution than traditional mechanisms such as litigation or arbitration. However, the implementation of ODR in Indonesia still faces significant challenges, including the lack of clear regulations regarding the recognition and execution of judgments, as well as the protection of personal data. The ITE Law provides a legal foundation for electronic transactions, but further adjustments are needed to ensure ODR can be legally recognized and accounted for, especially in the context of cross-border disputes. In addition, aspects of transparency, accountability, and data security must be prioritized in the implementation of ODR. This research uses a normative juridical method to analyze the application of ODR in the Indonesian civil law system, assess the suitability of existing regulations, and identify challenges and opportunities faced. Comprehensive regulatory harmonization is needed to ensure ODR can function effectively, fairly, and safely for all parties, and become an integral part of a more modern and relevant Indonesian legal system in the digital era.
Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Challenges in the Society 5.0 Era: A Modern Criminal Law Perspective Hendri Khuan; Saptaning Ruju Paminto; Harly Clifford Jonas Salmon
Ipso Jure Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Ipso Jure - May
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/6kj9p298

Abstract

Abstract The Society 5.0 era brings deep integration between the physical and digital worlds, supported by technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and big data. Behind these innovations, a new threat emerges in the form of cybercrime that is increasingly complex, anonymous, cross-border, and difficult to track. Cybercrime in this context does not only target individuals, but also strategic infrastructure, with the potential to disrupt social and economic stability. Indonesia's criminal law system, especially through the ITE Law, has not been fully able to keep up with this dynamic. Many of the provisions are multi-interpreted and focus on cracking down on content, rather than strategic digital crimes such as hacking, cyberespionage, or ransomware attacks. The limitations of digital forensics, the lack of international cooperation, and the lack of optimal digital proof regulations aggravate law enforcement. The descriptive normative legal research method in this study shows the urgency of criminal law reform that is more adaptive, collaborative, and technology-based. A new approach is needed that prioritizes the principles of digital justice, good governance, and cyber ethics to answer the challenges of transnational cybercrime. Without these reforms, Indonesia risks experiencing a justice deficit and is increasingly lagging behind in the legal response to digital crime in the Society 5.0 era. Therefore, the renewal of the criminal law paradigm is a necessity to maintain national digital security and sovereignty.
The Urgency of Law Enforcement in the Case of Personal Data Leakage in Indonesia Hendri Khuan; Nugroho Noto Diharjo
Ipso Jure Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Ipso Jure - May
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/z5v9xv45

Abstract

This study discusses the weak law enforcement in the case of personal data leakage in Indonesia, even though normatively there has been recognition of data protection rights through Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection (PDP Law). The phenomenon of data leaks involving various sectors, including major cases such as BPJS Kesehatan, reflects the ineffectiveness of previous regulations and the suboptimal implementation of the PDP Law. The lack of a Personal Data Protection Authority (OPDP) has also exacerbated the disorder in handling data leaks which is often not transparent and unaccountable. This study uses a normative approach with doctrinal analysis of positive legal regulations and Islamic legal principles, especially related to the individual's right to privacy. The findings show that there is a serious gap between the law in the books and the law in action. The absence of a strong legal precedent, weak awareness of the authorities, and lack of coordination between institutions, cause violations of the right to privacy to often not be adequately acted upon. Therefore, systemic legal reforms, the establishment of independent supervisory bodies, and a progressive and evidence-based approach to law enforcement are needed, so that the protection of personal data truly functions as an instrument of social justice and human rights protection in the digital era.
Digital Platforms' Responsibility for the Security of Users' Personal Data: A Juridical Analysis Hendri Khuan; Saptaning Ruju Paminto; Nurul Fadhilah
Ipso Jure Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Ipso Jure - May
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/y3z03058

Abstract

The rapid development of information technology has created a complex and widespread digital ecosystem, where digital platforms are becoming massive collectors of personal data. This phenomenon poses a risk of data leakage and misuse that threatens individual privacy. In Indonesia, even though Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection (PDP Law) has been passed, its implementation still faces significant challenges, especially related to infrastructure readiness, law enforcement, and public awareness. Existing regulations tend to be normative and have not been able to keep up with rapid technological innovation, so the responsibility of digital platforms in maintaining data security is still weak and formalistic. This study uses a normative juridical approach to examine the effectiveness of the PDP Law in regulating the legal responsibilities of digital platforms. The results of the analysis show the need to strengthen supervision mechanisms, firm law enforcement, and increase technical capacity and human resources. Lessons learned from international standards emphasize the importance of independent oversight bodies and the application of privacy by design principles. With the synergy of adaptive regulations, reliable technology, and collective awareness, personal data protection can be realized effectively to protect users' rights and security in the digital era.
The Existence of Smart Contracts in Electronic Agreements: A Civil Juridical Review Hendri Khuan; Ach Dlofirul Anam
Ipso Jure Vol. 2 No. 5 (2025): Ipso Jure - June
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/2m5yv134

Abstract

The development of blockchain technology has given birth to smart contracts as a new instrument in electronic agreements that are executed automatically by computer programs based on agreed conditions. The autonomous, transparent, and irreversible characteristics of smart contracts present a challenge to the classical principles of Indonesian civil law, especially Article 1320 of the Civil Code which regulates the conditions for the validity of agreements. The main problem lies in the fulfillment of the elements of free will and agreement, especially when consent is given to a code that is not fully understood by parties without a technological background. Although Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) recognizes electronic documents as legal evidence, there are no explicit provisions governing the validity, legal responsibility, and dispute mechanisms related to smart contracts. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach to examine the existence of smart contracts in the Indonesian legal system. It is necessary to reinterpret and harmonize civil law with technological developments so that smart contracts are not only legally valid, but also fair and provide adequate legal protection. Without regulatory reform, legal certainty and substantive justice in the use  of smart contracts have the potential to be neglected.
Co-Authors Ach Dlofirul Anam Achmad Fitrian Arief Fahmi Lubis Harly Clifford Jonas Salmon Herry M Polontoh Loso Judijanto Nugroho Noto Diharjo Nurul Fadhilah Saptaning Ruju Paminto