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All Journal AGROLAND: The Agricultural Sciences Journal Mitra Sains
Hafsah Hafsah
Animal Husbandry Department, Tadulako University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT CONTENTS OF CLOVES LEAVES ESSENTIAL OIL Muhammad Tahir; Siti Chuzaemi; Eko Widodo; Hafsah Hafsah
AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal) Vol 7 No 1 (2020): June
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/agroland.v7i1.459

Abstract

Essential oils from the distillation of clove leaves could act as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal agentsforeither food or feed. The purpose of this study was to identify chemical compounds and antioxidant content of clove leaves essential oils. The material used was clove leaves essential oil obtained by soxlet extraction. Clove leaves were taken from trees of over 10 years old in Palu, Central Sulawesi. Chemical compounds of the sample were analyzed by GC-MS method. Each peak that appeared on the chromatogram was identified by comparing to the standard. While the antioxidant analysis was carried out by using the DPPH (IC50) of spectrophotometry method. The results showed that the total essential oils content of clove leaves was 3,957% and there were 6 chemical compounds identified, i.e. caryophyllen (0,96%); phenol, 2-methoxy (guaiacol) (4,16%); phenol,2-methoxy-4-methyl (9.79%); phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy (1.5%); phenol 2-methoxy-4-propyl (3.87%); phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-prophenyl) andEugenol (79.72%). While the results of antioxidant identification based on DPPH and IC50 values before purification were 0.597 and 74.358, and the respective values after purification were 0.597 and 42.255. In conclusion, the antioxidant content of clove leaves essential oils after purification is higher than before purification and it contains 3.957% essential oil.
IMMUNE ORGANS AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF MALE LAYING HENS WITH USE OF EUGENOL CLOVE LEAF OIL AS A SUBSTITUTE OF ANTIBIOTIC IN FEED Hafsah Hafsah; A P Damayanti; Syahrir Syahrir; Tahir Tahir; Feni Rahmasari; M R Alsahab
AGROLAND The Agricultural Sciences Journal (e-Journal) Vol 9 No 1 (2022): June
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/agroland.v9i1.1311

Abstract

The use of antibiotics as growth promoters (AGP) in poultry feed aims to stimulate growth and prevent disease. However, the use of antibiotics in animal feed has been banned spread of resistant bacteria which can be harmful to human health. The use of natural compounds, especially essential oils, as a natural alternative for antibiotics. The aim of the study was to evaluate the inclusion of eugenol clove leaf oil as a feed additive to replace antibiotics in feed on immune organs and growth performance of male laying hens. Experiment was designed in Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. The study Animal used 120 DOC (Day Old Chick) of male laying hens. Treatments consist of: P1 = Basal feed; P2 = Basal feed + 0.005% tetracycline ; P3 = Basal diets + 0.5% eugenol; P4 = Basal diets + 1.0% eugenol; P5 = Basal diets + 1.5% eugenol. Variables observed i.e.: immune organs (thymus, bursa fabricus, spleen, liver) and growth performance (weigh gain, feed intake, protein intake, energy intake, feed efficiency). The statistical analyses were carried out using Anova and LSD test. Results were shown high significant (P<0. 01) effects on thymus (immune organ) and growth performance (weight gain, feed intake, protein intake, energy intake, feed efficiency) of male laying hens. However, no significant (P>0.05) effects on bursa fabricus, spleen, and liver (immune organs). Our finding suggest that the use of eugenol clove leaf oil as a substitute for antibiotics in feed, with a level of 0.5%-1.0% of male laying hens resulted similar response to the use of tetracycline 0.005%.
Performan Pertumbuhan dan Daya Cerna pada Ayam Kampung dengan Penggunaan Jenis Bahan Pakan yang Berbeda Kaharuddin Kaharuddin; Hafsah Hafsah; Ummiani Hatta
Mitra Sains Vol 8 No 1 (2020): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/mitrasains.v8i1.269

Abstract

This study aims to determine the growth performance and digestibility of nutrients local chicken and super local chicken using different types of feed. The study was conducted in a Kawatuna Village, Mantikulore Subdistrict, Palu City, on January 13 - April 21, 2019. The study was designed using a Completely Randomized Design wira factorial patterns. The first factor is the type of chicken, namely local chicken and super local chicken, the second factor is the type of feed, which consists of commercial feed (P1), local feed (P2) and functional feed (P3). The study used 180 chickens consisting of 90 local chickens and 90 super local chickens . The variables observed were performance of growth and digestibility. Growth performance consisted of ration consumption, body weight gain, and ration conversied. Digestion consists of digestibility of crude protein and crude fat. The results showed that the interactied between chicken species and feed type had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the growth performance (feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion) and digestibility. (protein and fat). The factor of chicken type had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on growth performances and protein digestibility, but had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on fat digestibility. The type of feed had a significant effect (P <0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion and crude protein digestibility. The conclusions from the results of the study that growth performance (consumption, weight gain, feed conversion) and nutrient digestibilityies (crude protein and crude fat) were not significantly affected by interactions between types of chickens with feed types. Chicken species did not significantly affect the growth performance and protein digestibility, but fat digestibility differed significantly between local chicken (42.53%) and super local chicken (33.53%). The type of feed significantly affects growth performance and protein digestibilitis. But it is not significant in fat digestibility. The highest protein digestibility was found in the treatment of P3 (88.67%) and the highest fat digestibility, that is in the treatment of factory feed (P1) of (40.71%).
Co-Authors A P Damayanti Eko Widodo Feni Rahmasari Kaharuddin Kaharuddin M R Alsahab Muhammad Tahir Siti Chuzaemi Syahrir Ummiani Hatta