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This Author published in this journals
All Journal Journal of Innovation Information Technology and Application (JINITA) International Journal of Wireless And Multimedia Communications
Muhammad Putra Pamungkas
Politeknik Negeri Padang
Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering

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5G NR Coverage Optimization Using Legacy 4G Infrastructure: A Machine Learning-Enhanced Empirical Study in Indonesian Urban Environment AFRIZAL YUHANEF; Muhammad Putra Pamungkas; Nasrul Nasrul; Dikky Chandra; Herry Setiawan; Sonya Purna Faradisya
Journal of Innovation Information Technology and Application (JINITA) Vol 7 No 2 (2025): JINITA, December 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35970/jinita.v7i2.2942

Abstract

The deployment of 5G New Radio (NR) networks requires substantial infrastructure investment, posing challenges for emerging markets. This empirical study explores coverage optimization by retrofitting existing 4G LTE Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) using machine learning-enhanced Self-Organizing Network (SON) algorithms. Over six months, 6,895 drive test measurements were collected across 28 Telkomsel BTS sites in Padang, Indonesia, enabling before-and-after optimization analysis. Paired t-test results showed significant improvements in coverage quality: the service area with excellent SINR increased from 54.5% to 58.1% (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.27), while maintaining 99.3% RSRP compliance (≥ -92 dBm, 95% CI: 97.8%–100%). Automatic Cell Planning (ACP) effectively identified parameter configurations that enhanced performance without additional infrastructure cost, reducing deployment expenses. However, 5G NSA deployment remained limited to only 2.17% of measurements, which is valid for early-stage insights but restricts generalization to full 5G deployment scenarios. Therefore, the findings primarily apply to NSA overlay on existing 4G infrastructure rather than full 5G standalone deployment. This underscores ongoing economic and technical challenges in emerging markets’ 5G rollout. Despite this, the study provides strong empirical evidence supporting infrastructure reuse via SON-based optimization as a cost-effective way to improve coverage and quality. These results offer valuable guidance for operators and policymakers aiming to accelerate 5G adoption while managing costs in similar regions. Future work should expand validation as 5G NSA and standalone (SA) deployments grow and investigate integration with advanced AI-driven network management techniques
Evaluation of 2G and 4G Cellular Network Performance Along the Trans Padang–Bungus Route Tri Sukma Afani; Muhammad Putra Pamungkas; Yulindon
International Journal of Wireless And Multimedia Communications Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Wireless And Multimedia Communications
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62671/jowim.v3i2.285

Abstract

The quality of mobile telecommunication services is a vital parameter in supporting the connectivity of public transport passengers, particularly on routes with significant topographical challenges. This study aims to evaluate the performance of 2G and 4G LTE networks along the Transpadang Bungus Corridor route in Padang City to map signal quality and identify areas with low performance. The research materials involve the use of hardware in the form of smartphones integrated with TEMS Pocket software for field data collection, as well as TEMS Discovery for statistical data processing and geographical visualization. The method employed is a continuous drive test along the route to collect technical parameters in real-time. Measurement results indicate that on the 2G network, the RxLev parameter is dominated by the "Good" category ([-80, -70] dBm) at 25.62%, with exceptionally high RxQual stability reaching 87.53% in the "Excellent" category. However, on the 4G LTE network, the RSRP parameter shows coverage challenges where 14.03% of samples fall into the "Very Poor" category ([Min, -110] dBm) and 23.87% into the "Poor" category ([-110, -100] dBm), particularly in areas with geographical obstructions. RSRQ quality remains at a moderate level with 50.66% of samples in the [-15, -10] dB range, while data throughput is dominated by the 1000-7000 kbps range at 78.5%. The implications of this research provide strategic recommendations for cellular operators to perform optimization through antenna tilting adjustments or capacity increases in critical areas to enhance the user experience on the Transpadang route.
Co-Authors Afrizal Yuhanef Dikky Chandra Herry setiawan Nasrul Sonya Purna Faradisya Tri Sukma Afani Yulindon