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All Journal Lentera Hukum ASAS : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) Open Access DRIVERset
Mohd Zahir, Mohd Zamre
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Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Investment in Indonesia After Constitutional Court’s Decision in the Review of Job Creation Law Nurhayati, Yati; Mohd Zahir, Mohd Zamre; Ifrani, Ifrani; Komarudin, Parman
Lentera Hukum Vol 9 No 3 (2022): LENTERA HUKUM
Publisher : University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ejlh.v9i3.32368

Abstract

In 2021, the Indonesian Constitutional Court decided conditionally unconstitutional in the review of the Job Creation Law. It was among a few decisions made by the Constitutional Court to accept a formal review, even if some dissenting opinions followed it. While the decision has largely influenced a wide array of regulatory laws because the Job Creation Law adopts the omnibus law model, the pivotal issue in this paper rests on the legal basis for investment in Indonesia after this decision. Firstly, it enquired whether the Constitutional Court exceeded its power for a procedural judicial review against the Job Creation Law. Second, it discussed the legal basis for investment in Indonesia after the Constitutional Court's Decision No. 91/PUU-XVIII/2020. Using normative research, the results showed that with the conditional unconstitutional decision, the Indonesian investment world would experience legal uncertainty for the next two years, especially new businesses, licensing, and investments with the enactment of the Job Creation Law. In particular, if the legislative branch failed to improve this law over two years, businesses, licensing, and investments in Indonesia might have no legal basis, resulting in the uncertain situation of the government’s desire to realize the friendly investment.Keywords: Constituional Court, Job Creation Law, Judicial Review.
Balancing Pharmaceutical Innovation, Protection for Local Industries, and Potential Evergreening: An Analysis of Indonesia's Patent Law Amendments Roisah, Kholis; Rahayu, Rahayu; Zaman, Muhamad Nafi Uz; Zainol, Zinatul Ashiqin; Mohd Zahir, Mohd Zamre
Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Legal Responses to Technological Innovation and Governance Challenges in Indon
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jils.v10i2.31175

Abstract

Recent changes to the Patent Law in Indonesia have sparked discussion regarding efforts to balance pharmaceutical innovation, protection of local industries, and the potential for evergreening practices. This study is a doctrinal research that uses a multi-approach analysis to examine the interaction between these variables in the context of Patent Law Number 65 of 2024. The study draws on literature reviews, theories and concepts related to drug patents, the pharmaceutical industry, the right to affordable medicine, and the evergreening. The research also includes an analysis of relevant laws and regulations, including the Patent Law before and after the amendment, to identify the changes and the underlying legal politics. The results show that the removal of Article 4 (f) of the Patent Law, which previously excluded certain inventions as inventions, may open up opportunities for the evergreening. However, the government argues that the deletion aims to protect local pharmaceutical companies and broaden the definition of invention. This study critically examines these claims, taking into account the readiness of the local pharmaceutical industry to compete with multinational corporations. In addition, there is a need for a strict control mechanism to ensure the validity of the invention in the patent as well as an objective evaluation of the inventive step and its therapeutic value. This study concludes that without adequate planning, the extension of patent protection to minor modifications may prolong commercial dominance of drugs, open opportunities for evergreening practices and ultimately hinder public access to essential and affordable drugs.
Breach of Contract: A Comparison Between Indonesian and Malaysian Contract Law Nurhayati, Yati; Mohd Zahir, Mohd Zamre; Hatta, Muhammad; Yanova, Muhammad Hendri; Komarudin, Parman
International Journal of Law, Environment, and Natural Resources Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): April Issue
Publisher : Scholar Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51749/injurlens.v2i1.21

Abstract

The purpose of this research study aims to dissect the concept of Breach of contract in the civil law of two countries between Indonesia and Malaysia. As a country that has a different legal system but also recognizes Breach of contract or breaking promises in civil relations. In this research method, the type of research that the author uses is normative research. The nature of the research in this paper is the nature of comparative descriptive research. The approach used in this legal research is the statute approach, and the conceptual approach. The results of the study found that the Breach of contract in Indonesian civil law. This is a deviant act committed by one of the parties to the agreement from what was previously agreed without coercion which can result in losses for the opposing party and default in civil law in Malaysia as regulated in the 1950 Contract Law which is called Contract impossibility, a contract may be terminated. If the contracting parties fail to carry out the responsibilities contained in the contract.
Criminal Liability Towards Corporations Acting As Narcotics Traffickers In Indonesia Hatta, Muhammad; Sumiadi, Sumiadi; Zulfan, Zulfan; Johari, Johari; Husni, Husni; Mohd Zahir, Mohd Zamre
International Journal of Law, Environment, and Natural Resources Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): April Issue
Publisher : Scholar Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51749/injurlens.v3i1.61

Abstract

Corporate crime is often referred to as a crime committed by a legal entity or organization. Corporate involvement in criminal activity can enable criminal access to methods of production, storage, distribution, or trading. In the context of narcotics crime, corporations could play a significant role in the trafficking of narcotics through a variety of modus operandi including production, distribution, and sales to the general public. Therefore, corporation as a legal subject can be held accountable. This study uses a statutory approach and is normative (doctrinal). It solely employs secondary data and is processed qualitatively to describe facts, documents, information, and other data related to criminal liability for corporations as perpetrators of narcotics trafficking in Indonesia. The embodiment of criminal liability towards corporations as perpetrators of narcotics trafficking is regulated in several provisions, including Article 130 of Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics as well as Articles 60 to 64 and Article 70 of Law No. 5 of 1997 concerning Psychotropics. The crime of narcotics distribution through corporation involves businesses or legal entities such as hospitals, health clinics, pharmacies and others. Revocation of business licenses can be used as punishment for those companies, while the management may also face further legal repercussions.
Sociological Dimensions in the Implementation of Salam Contracts in Rambutan Trade Transactions in Tangkiling, Central Kalimantan Rifai, Agus; Hidayati, Tri; Mohd Zahir, Mohd Zamre
ASAS Vol. 17 No. 02 (2025): Asas, Vol. 17, No. 02 Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/

Abstract

The implementation of salam contracts in agricultural trade often faces tension between classical fiqh norms and local socio-economic dynamics, including in rambutan trade transactions in Tangkiling, Central Kalimantan. The discrepancy between the legal pillars and requirements of salam and trust-based social relations raises questions regarding the validity and normative transformation of such contracts within agrarian communities. This study aims to analyze the sociological dimensions of salam contract implementation in rambutan trade transactions in Tangkiling and to identify the social factors influencing these practices. This research employs a qualitative approach with a field study design, utilizing in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using the perspective of Islamic legal sociology. The findings reveal that salam practices are conducted informally through trust-based transactions, flexible price negotiations, and adaptive arrangements in response to harvest fluctuations. Social solidarity, patron–client relationships, and farmers’ liquidity needs emerge as key determinants shaping transaction patterns. From a normative perspective, several elements of the salam contract are fulfilled; however, flexibility in determining product specifications and delivery time is influenced by local socio-economic contexts. The study highlights the importance of a contextual approach in understanding salam contract implementation and recommends strengthening community-based fiqh muamalah literacy to enhance legal certainty and protection for all parties involved.
Co-Authors . Zulfan agus rifai Husni Husni Ifrani, Ifrani Johari Johari Kholis Roisah Muhammad Hatta Parman Komarudin Rahayu Rahayu Sumiadi, Sumiadi Tri Hidayati Yanova, Muhammad Hendri Yati Nurhayati Zaman, Muhamad Nafi Uz Zinatul Ashiqin Zainol