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Production of Biogas with Two-Stage Fermentation of Cow Dung-Palm Oil Mill Effluent NH, Harmiwati; Supriadi, Eko; Rahmad, Dedy; Akbar, Addin; Khairati, Miftahul; Amrin, M. Zhafran Zharif; Adi, Tegar Trikora; Suhardito, Ibnu; Hidayat, Salsabila Alifia; Phuong, Nguyen Thi Thanh
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 6, No 1 (2023): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v6i1.13541

Abstract

In this research, biogas is produced from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by fermentation of cow dung using a stirred reactor and purified by various CO2 and H2S removal techniques. The variables in this study were: composition of cow dung (55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80% w/w), amino acid composition (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% w/w) and length of fermentation time (2, 6, 10, 14, 16 days). The fixed variables were stirring speed (100 rpm), temperature (30oC) and reactor volume (100 L). This research also investigated the effect of using a lime packed reactor on the purity of methane gas. From the results of first stage of fermentation, it was found that the optimum composition of cow dung-POME was at 60% and the fermentation time was 14 days. In the second stage of fermentation using optimum results at first stage compared to fermentation of cow dung without POME, the results of measuring the gas pressure produced in 60% cow dung-POME fermentation were 17.5 Psig greater than fermentation of cow dung without POME of 15 Psig.
Pyrolyzer Modification for Making Coconut Shell Charcoal with Isolation from a Mixture of Clay, Sand, and Rice Straw Adi, Tegar Trikora; Youfa, Rita; Rahmad, Dedy; Akli, Khairul
invotek Vol 24 No 3 (2024): INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi Vokasional dan Teknologi
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/invotek.v24i3.1236

Abstract

Currently, many charcoal makers use drums as pyrolyzers, this is because the oxygen (O2) entering the combustion chamber is controlled, the oxygen level entering the combustion chamber must be low so that the shell does not burn out. The aim of this research is to calculate the heat loss rate of the pyrolyzer for making coconut shell charcoal and to analyze the effect of a mixture of clay, sand and rice straw insulator on the charcoal yield and quality of the charcoal produced. This research focuses on reviewing pyrolyzer modifications based on aspects of mixed variations of clay, sand and rice straw insulating materials in dealing with heat loss. Testing of furnace performance is carried out using comparisons of several parameters or components including temperature, time and insulator material. The final stage of the research is to draw conclusions and draw conclusions based on the results of material variations and the factors that influence them. The research results show that the best insulator is the TP3 pyrolyzer with an insulator mixed with clay, sand and rice straw in a ratio of 2:1:0.3 with a heat loss of 7,378.992 W and ΔT of 195°C. The addition of rice straw to a mixture of clay and sand insulators provides significant benefits in increasing ΔT and reducing heat loss. The addition of rice straw to a mixture of clay and sand insulators has a significant impact on the carbonization process of coconut shell charcoal. Even though the charcoal yield decreases with the addition of rice straw to the insulator, the quality of the charcoal produced increases, especially in terms of fixed carbon content with the best insulator being the TP3 pyrolyzer with a carbon content value of 78.54%.