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All Journal Eksergi: Chemical Engineering Journal Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Call Paper STIE Widya Wiwaha
Kuncara, Jaka
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Optimalisasi Mutu Batubara Indonesia: Kajian Metode dan Potensi dalam Peningkatan Nilai Kalor Batubara Febriani, Annisa Vada; Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah; Kuncara, Jaka; Setyawan, Martomo
Eksergi Vol 21, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v21i2.11761

Abstract

Nilai kalori batubara sangat penting bagi batubara itu sendiri. Selain berpengaruh pada proses pembakaran, nilai kalori juga menunjukkan kandungan energi yang terkandung dalam batubara. Nilai kalori batubara dipengaruhi oleh beberapa parameter diantaranya ialah kelembapan, kadar abu, zat terbang, karbon tetap dan total sulfur. Namun 40% cadangan batubara di Indonesia masih kualitas rendah. Hal ini menunjukan perlu adanya teknologi peningkatan nilai kalori yang sesuai, dengan tujuan batubara kualitas rendah ini dapat digunakan secara maksimal serta mengurangi emissi CO2 yang dikeluarkan selama proses pembakaran di PLTU. Teknologi pengeringan batubara menjadi salah satu teknologi peningkatan nilai kalori batubara, dengan konsep pengurangan kadar air yang dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan tekanan. Teknologi ini terbagi menjadi empat kategori yaitu mekanis, evaporasi, non-evaporasi dan pirolisis. Sesuai dengan program hilirisasi kementrian ESDM tentang pemanfaatan batubara, teknologi yang dikembangkan dalam proses upgrading  batubara adalah teknologi UBC (Upgrading Brown Coal) dan teknologi CDB (coal dry briquette). Selain itu campuran batubara kualitas rendah dengan biomassa juga dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan bakar pembangkit listrik atau sering disebut co-firring. Baik diaplikasikan langsung maupun dibentuk menjadi briket. Program ini dijalankan untuk mendorong Program NZE pemerintah yang berkomitmen untuk mencapai nol emisi CO2 di tahun 2050. 
CHARACTERISTICS OF BAGASSE BIOCHAR IN INDUSTRIAL SCALE PRODUCTION Kuncara, Jaka; Setyawan, Martomo; Hakika, Dhias Cahya
Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Call Paper STIE Widya Wiwaha Vol 3 No 1 (2024): International Seminar Proceedings and Call for Paper STIE Widya Wiwaha
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Widya Wiwaha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32477/semnas.v3i1.1101

Abstract

Bagasse is a waste that can still be processed into more useful materials, in this case it will be processed into biochar. The bagasse used is sugarcane milling waste from a sugar factory in Majalengka, Cirebon, West Java. The pyrolysis process is carried out at the biochar factory of PT XXX which is also located in the area. Making biochar with an industrial-scale pyrolysis reactor namely the rotary carbonization furnace reactor. The main components are a bagasse feeder system, rotary drum dryer, pyrolysis reactor, fan and condenser. The system operates in line from the feeder to the biochar output. The purpose of this research is to investigate the pyrolysis of bagasse in a rotary horizontal carbonization furnace reactor to study the effect of pyrolysis process parameters in the form of temperature and residence time on the product characteristics of biochar. The tests provided results that the residence time has an effect on the proximate and ultimate analysis of biochar. The results showed that with increasing residence time, the volatile meter, hydrogen and oxygen decreased while the ash content, fixed carbon, carbon and gross calories increased. The test also provides results that temperature affects the proximate and ultimate analysis of biochar. The results show that as the pyrolysis temperature increases, the parameters of ash content, fixed carbon and gross calory increase while the parameters of volatile metter, hydrogen and oxygen decrease. The morphological structure of biochar changes with increasing pyrolysis temperature and the results showed that the higher the pyrolysis temperature, the larger the diameter of the biochar pores.
Optimalisasi Mutu Batubara Indonesia: Kajian Metode dan Potensi dalam Peningkatan Nilai Kalor Batubara Febriani, Annisa Vada; Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah; Kuncara, Jaka; Setyawan, Martomo
Eksergi Vol 21 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Prodi Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Industri, UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/e.v21i2.11761

Abstract

Nilai kalori batubara sangat penting bagi batubara itu sendiri. Selain berpengaruh pada proses pembakaran, nilai kalori juga menunjukkan kandungan energi yang terkandung dalam batubara. Nilai kalori batubara dipengaruhi oleh beberapa parameter diantaranya ialah kelembapan, kadar abu, zat terbang, karbon tetap dan total sulfur. Namun 40% cadangan batubara di Indonesia masih kualitas rendah. Hal ini menunjukan perlu adanya teknologi peningkatan nilai kalori yang sesuai, dengan tujuan batubara kualitas rendah ini dapat digunakan secara maksimal serta mengurangi emissi CO2 yang dikeluarkan selama proses pembakaran di PLTU. Teknologi pengeringan batubara menjadi salah satu teknologi peningkatan nilai kalori batubara, dengan konsep pengurangan kadar air yang dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan tekanan. Teknologi ini terbagi menjadi empat kategori yaitu mekanis, evaporasi, non-evaporasi dan pirolisis. Sesuai dengan program hilirisasi kementrian ESDM tentang pemanfaatan batubara, teknologi yang dikembangkan dalam proses upgrading  batubara adalah teknologi UBC (Upgrading Brown Coal) dan teknologi CDB (coal dry briquette). Selain itu campuran batubara kualitas rendah dengan biomassa juga dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan bakar pembangkit listrik atau sering disebut co-firring. Baik diaplikasikan langsung maupun dibentuk menjadi briket. Program ini dijalankan untuk mendorong Program NZE pemerintah yang berkomitmen untuk mencapai nol emisi CO2 di tahun 2050. 
Manufacture of Industrial Scale Bagasse Biochar: Effect of Temperature And Residence Time And Biochar Characterization Kuncara, Jaka; Setyawan, Martomo; Hakika, Dhias Cahya
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Volume 8, No 2 December 2024
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v8i2.95545

Abstract

Abstract. Bagasse is a waste that can still be utilized, one of which is processed into biochar. In this study, bagasse waste came from a sugar factory in Majalengka, Cirebon, West Java. The bagasse pyrolysis process was carried out at PT XXX biochar factory located in the area. Industrial scale biochar production is done by Rotary Carbonization Furnace. The research objective was to characterize biochar with variable residence time and pyrolysis temperature. Biochar was characterized based on physicochemical properties and surface composition analysis for use as a soil improver and adsorbent. The test results show that residence time and pyrolysis temperature affect biochar products. Physical characterization showed that the pyrolysis residence time of 24.73 minutes with a temperature of 400 oC gave biochar results with pH (8.92), c-organic (24.15%), total N (0.2%), P2O5 (0.17%) and high C/N ratio (1,208.00). This biochar has good quality for application as a soil improver, especially in increasing carbon storage capacity and improving soil pH. The high C/N ratio and low nitrogen content require alloying with other sources to increase nitrogen and phosphorus and lower the C/N ratio. Chemical characterization by BET test showed that pyrolysis residence time of 24.73 min at 400 oC gave the best results in terms of increasing surface area (0.554 m²/g) and pore volume (0.00364 cc/g), making it the optimal temperature to produce biochar with high adsorption capacity. Surface characterization by SEM-EDX mapping analysis showed that the pyrolysis residence time of 24.73 min at 400 oC gave results with relatively high composition of carbon (82.17%), oxygen (14.89%), silica (1.97%), potassium (0.42%), and made it more effective for soil conditioner applications.Keywords: Bagasse, Biochar, Pyrolysis.
Co-Authors Dhias Cahya Hakika Febriani, Annisa Vada Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah Martomo Setyawan