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All Journal Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs Indonesia Journal of Social Responsibility Review (IJSRR) Journal of World Trade Studies
Rahmat, Rhin Khairina
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences

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Eksternalisasi Konflik Internal Yaman Dalam Kerangka Analisis Internationalization of Conflict Theory Heriamsal, Krisman; Manurung, Felix Broson; Rahmat, Rhin Khairina
Hasanuddin Journal of International Affairs Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31947/hjirs.v4i01.32859

Abstract

This research discusses the Yemen conflict that was originally internal and then transformed into an international conflict due to the externalization process. The author sees that the increasingly complex development of the Yemen conflict was affected by the intervention of external actors in the conflict. This research aims to find out how Yemen's internal conflict transformed into an international conflict using the analytical framework of the Internationalization of Conflict Theory. Therefore, in examining the externalization of Yemen's internal conflict, the author uses the concept of escalation, with qualitative research methods. The research results show that the externalization of Yemen's internal conflict is demonstrated through the involvement of external actors such as Saudi Arabia and its coalition, the United States, Britain, France, Iran, and ISIS. In this case, the escalation of the Yemen conflict occurred because of the geographical proximity between Yemen and several countries such as Saudi Arabia, the similarity of identity or ideology between internal parties and external parties who intervened in the Yemen conflict, as well as the opportunities and interests of foreign parties in the Yemen conflict.     Penelitian ini membahas tentang konflik Yaman yang semula bersifat internal kemudian mengalami transformasi menjadi konflik internasional karena adanya proses eksternalisasi. Penulis melihat perkembangan konflik Yaman yang semakin kompleks sangat dipengaruhi oleh intervensi pihak asing dalam konflik tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana konflik internal Yaman bertransformasi menjadi konflik internasional dengan menggunakan kerangka analisis Internationalization of conflict theory. Oleh karena itu, dalam menelaah eksternalisasi konflik internal Yaman, penulis menggunakan konsep eskalasi, dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Eksternalisasi konflik internal Yaman ditunjukkan melalui keterlibatan aktor eksternal seperti, Arab Saudi dan koalisinya, Amerika Serikat, Inggris, Prancis, Iran, dan ISIS. Dalam hal ini, Eskalasi konflik Yaman terjadi karena adanya kedekatan secara geografis antara Yaman dengan sejumlah negara seperti Arab Saudi, adanya kesamaan identitas maupun ideologi antara pihak internal dengan pihak eksternal yang mengintervensi konflik Yaman, serta adanya peluang dan kepentingan pihak asing dalam konflik Yaman.
Marine Waste Reduction in the European Union: The Potential of Bioplastic Policy Rahmat, Rhin Khairina; Atiya Nahda Fadilla; Izzatinnisa
Journal of World Trade Studies Vol 9 No 2 (2024): Journal of World Trade Studies
Publisher : Journal of World Trade Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jwts.v9i2.10942

Abstract

The accumulation of marine plastic waste represents a significant global environmental pollution issue. The European Union is a regional organisation that has implemented a marine plastic waste management strategy. This is due to the amount of waste on European beaches, which is dominated by about 50% of single-use plastics. The policy implemented by the European Union is to pay attention to the use of recyclable plastics including plastic processing strategies through the EU Plastic Strategy in 2018. Thus, this research aims to explain the EU's opportunity to implement bioplastics through single-use plastic policies that can reduce marine plastic waste. This research will be explained through analysis of the diffusion of innovation theory from Everett M. Rogers. Based on the implementation, the European Union can be a benchmark in plastic waste management to achieve a balance of sustainable development in the economic, environmental and social sectors. This is because the European Union has qualified policy development through the Single Use Plastic policy and the EU Policy Framework of Biobased, Biodegradable and Compostable Plastics.
Innovation and Transformation of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia: Colonial Legacy to Global Market Rahmat, Rhin Khairina; Marghanita, Clara Lucia; Murti, Safira Nur Lathifah Eka
Indonesian Journal of Social Responsibility Review (IJSRR) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Prospect Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55381/ijsrr.v3i1.349

Abstract

The telecommunications market in Indonesia is proliferating to become the backbone of the national economy. PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia, PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk. Alternatively, (Telkom) has undergone a significant transformation from infrastructure management in the Dutch Colonial era to a leading digital service provider in Indonesia and even the global market. From a concessionary strategy of international expansion, as well as multinational collaborations, Telkom increases its competitiveness and supports Indonesia's digital economy. Telkom invests in global infrastructure, such as the Sea Cable Communication System (SKKL), and operates various international business schemes through its subsidiary, Telkom Indonesia International (Telin). This paper is analysed using the Network Approach concept to compare patterns of industrial cooperation between countries. The findings in this paper are that private involvement and the role of government are needed to overcome market failure in a country. Telkom's transformation includes changes in ownership and cooperation that enable adaptation to evolving market dynamics, strengthening its position as a leader in the regional and global telecommunications sector.
Co-Authors Atiya Nahda Fadilla Heriamsal, Krisman Izzatinnisa Manurung, Felix Broson Marghanita, Clara Lucia Murti, Safira Nur Lathifah Eka