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All Journal Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education Journal (Birle Journal) Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal) Britain International of Exact Sciences Journal (BIoEx Journal)
Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Mass Mapping the Cosmic Web: Insights from Redshift Dispersions in Supercluster Filaments Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8146

Abstract

Understanding the large-scale structure of the universe, including galaxy clusters and filaments, is essential for advancing our knowledge of cosmic evolution. Redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations are key observational metrics used to study these structures. The simulations provide a valuable tool for replicating and understanding the dynamics of galaxies across different environments, but discrepancies between observed and simulated data. This work examines and analyzes the redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations of clusters and filaments. The goal is to evaluate the degree to which simulations accurately depict visible large-scale cosmic structures and identify areas that require development. It analyzed observed and simulated data for redshift distributions and mass-velocity dispersion relations in galaxy clusters and filaments. Statistical methods were used to compute the main parameters, including means, standard deviations, and correlation coefficients. Moreover, comparisons of log-log slopes between observed and simulated mass-velocity dispersion relations were conducted. While simulations effectively captured mass-velocity dispersion trends, significant differences in redshift distributions were observed, indicating gaps in the simulation's ability to model smaller-scale structures. These discrepancies highlight limitations in the current simulation models, particularly in accounting for non-gravitational forces. The results show that simulations closely match observed mass-velocity dispersion trends. However, the accurately reproduced observed redshift distributions have some limitations. According to the study, improving filament modeling and fine-tuning filament physics may increase simulation accuracy. The intricacy of filament dynamics is indicated by the weak association between velocity dispersions and filament mass.
Harnessing Solar Energy for Hydrogen Generation: Advances in Artificial Photosynthesis Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Woldeamaueal, Melaku Masresha
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8147

Abstract

Artificial photosynthesis offers a sustainable method for hydrogen production, addressing the environmental drawbacks of traditional methods like steam methane reforming (SMR). However, its commercialization faces challenges in efficiency, cost, scalability, and stability. This study aims to evaluate the performance, challenges, and commercialization potential of artificial photosynthesis, providing recommendations to establish it as a mainstream clean energy technology. The analysis includes visualizing STH efficiencies of PEC cells and photocatalysts, assessing scalability and longevity challenges, evaluating alternative catalysts, and analyzing environmental and economic impacts using Python-based visualizations like radar charts, bar plots, and line plots. Data from various systems and materials were compared against ideal benchmarks. BiVO₄ achieved the highest STH efficiency at 4.2%, but efficiencies remain below the 10% target. Scalability and stability issues are significant, with System C (Hybrid) showing a 22% efficiency loss after 12 months. Fe₂O₃ emerged as a cost-effective catalyst with a 30.0 mA/cm² per USD ratio. Artificial photosynthesis reduces CO₂ emissions by 18-fold compared to SMR and becomes cost-competitive by 2045. Commercialization gaps include cost (3 vs. ideal 7) and scalability (3 vs. 8). Artificial photosynthesis holds promise for a hydrogen-based economy but requires improvements in efficiency, cost, and scalability. Developing low-cost catalysts, enhancing stability, scaling production, improving efficiency, and increasing public awareness can bridge these gaps, with potential market readiness improvements of up to 25%.
The Scientific Evolution of Astronomy: From Earth-Centered Universes to an Expanding Cosmos Goshu, Belay Sitotaw
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2026): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v8i1.8149

Abstract

The development of astronomical models has been central to humanity's understanding of the cosmos, evolving from the ancient geocentric model to the modern-day heliocentric and elliptical models. This progression reflects the advancement of observational techniques and mathematical formulations, each model providing insights that led to a more accurate depiction of planetary motion. The purpose is to explore the historical shift from the geocentric to the heliocentric and Keplerian models, examining their impact on astronomy and the broader implications for scientific progress. The research employs a historical analysis of astronomical theories, supplemented with Python-based simulations, to visualize each model’s key features. The study finds that the transition from the Earth-centered view to a Sun-centered one, followed by the refinement of planetary motion into elliptical orbits, marked a turning point in scientific thought. The results demonstrate how Kepler's elliptical model offers the most realistic depiction of planetary motion and how the heliocentric model is humbler than the geocentric model with epicycles. The significance of these models in providing the groundwork for contemporary physics and astronomy is emphasized in the conclusions. The analysis encourages more multidisciplinary research and technological advancements in space flight to continue building upon these core concepts.
Co-Authors Abas, Ermias Alemu, Yonas Tadesse Ayalew, Anteneh Berhanu, Hana Cheiklu, Robel Cheru, Nega Fitria Fitria Lakew, Eyoel Merga, Bikila Misganu, Tewodros Muhammad Ridwan Muhammad Ridwan Simegn, Tigist Weldeamueal, Melaku Masresha Woldeamanue, Melaku Masresha Woldeamaueal, Melaku Masresha