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All Journal Majalah Farmaseutik Jurnal Mengkaji Indonesia Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia
Marbun, Prajona
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences

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Molecular Docking of Nigella Sativa L. with PXR Receptors and the Effect of Thymoquinone on PXR Expression in HepG2 Cells Megawati, Annik; Nurrochmad, Arief; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Lukitaningsih, Endang; Marbun, Prajona
Molekul Vol 19 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2024.19.2.11003

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The interaction between herbal remedies and drugs is a fascinating phenomenon that might cause therapeutic complications in patients. Warfarin is an anticoagulant drug that provides anti-blood-clotting effects by inhibiting the formation of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, and warfarin interacts with the nuclear receptor PXR, subsequently modulating cytochrome P450 during the metabolism process. St. John's wort, an herbal medicine with antidepressant effects, can alter the pharmacokinetics of warfarin. Thymoquinone is one of the active compounds in N. sativa and has pharmacological activities such as anticoagulant, antidiabetic, diuretic, antidepressant, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the compounds in Nigella sativa (N. sativa) against pregnane X receptor (PXR) and evaluated the impact of thymoquinone (TQ) administration on PXR expression in HepG2 cells. The molecular docking analysis was conducted utilizing the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) with the PXR (PDB ID: 7AXJ). At the same time, the PXR gene expression was measured using RT-PCR instruments. The RMSD value in docking represents the deviation criteria between the native ligand position and the redocking position result, indicating the capability of MOE and PDB qualification for performing molecular docking. The docking analysis showed that warfarin had the strongest binding energy (7AXJ -6.0507) by forming hydrogen binding type on Arg410. Despite TQ being the major component, it also displayed a high affinity for the two PDB IDs (7AXJ -4.5962). Furthermore, the concurrent administration of warfarin and TQ (19.27 μM) in HepG2 cells showed a significant reduction in the relative mRNA expression of the PXR gene. Given the above-mentioned findings, our study adequately enables us to predict the mechanism behind herb-drug interactions (HDIs) implicating N. sativa, specifically the TQ compound to warfarin metabolism via the activation of the PXR receptor. Keywords: Thymoquinone, expression mRNA, PXR, molecular docking, HepG2 cells.
Managing Foreign Product Trade Impact: Indonesia's Strategic Sovereignty and the Case of TikTok Shop Wibisono, Aditya Rahman; Marbun, Prajona
Jurnal Mengkaji Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jmi.v3i2.793

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines state sovereignty in the regulation of the impact of foreign product trade, specifically analyzing Indonesia's strategic steps toward the existence of TikTok Shop through the issuance of Ministry of Trade Regulation No. 31 of 2023. State sovereignty is recognized as full authority that cannot be interfered with by foreign powers, serving as the basis for international interactions. The TikTok Shop phenomenon reflects the optimization of online buying and selling, facilitating transaction processes. The role of social media, especially TikTok, plays a significant part in enhancing business performance, particularly for small businesses. However, the Indonesian government responded by closing TikTok Shop to protect micro, small, and medium enterprises and user data. Purpose: This research aims to analyze the conflict of interest between the state and social media platforms that provide trading services, as well as the establishment of strategic steps as an expression of state sovereignty in regulating all forms of trade in Indonesia, particularly through the case of the closure of TikTok Shop in Indonesia. Design/Methodology/Approach: This research is descriptive qualitative. The primary data analyzed were obtained from legal instruments such as legislation, ministerial regulations, and similar official rules issued by the government. The secondary data consisted of articles collectively obtained to gain an understanding of the causes, effects, and implications of the closure of TikTok Shop as a consequence of state sovereignty in regulating trade within the country. Findings: The results of the study indicate that in a global context, international cooperation remains important, and Indonesia strives to maintain its national legal sovereignty while contributing to global digital trade standards. In the face of various perspectives and impacts, the closure of TikTok Shop is interpreted as a governmental measure to protect national interests and exercise its legal sovereignty. Originality/value: This study makes a significant contribution to the existing literature by exploring the dynamics between state sovereignty and digital trade regulation in the context of Indonesia. It emphasizes the importance of balancing national legal sovereignty with participation in global digital trade standards, offering valuable insights for policymakers and academics in understanding the implications of trade regulation in the digital era.
Pharmacokinetic Virtual Screening and Molecular Docking Simulation for Evaluating Cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 Interactions Between Glibenclamide and Eurycoma longifolia Jack Extract Isnaini, Puti; Marbun, Prajona; Purwantiningsih, Purwantiningsih; Nugroho, Agung Endro
Majalah Farmaseutik Vol 21, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/farmaseutik.v21i1.102022

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with a globally increasing prevalence. The treatment of diabetes mellitus involves oral blood glucose-lowering agents, including glibenclamide. Although effective, glibenclamide can cause severe hypoglycemia, leading people to often combine it with herbal remedies such as the root extract of Eurycoma longifolia (ELRE), commonly known in Malaysia and Indonesia as the herbal medicine Tongkat Ali. ELRE is known for its anti-diabetic effects through enhanced insulin sensitivity and antioxidant activity. However, the pharmacokinetic interaction between ELRE and glibenclamide, particularly involving CYP3A4, which metabolizes glibenclamide, has not been well studied. This study employed an in silico approach using pharmacokinetic virtual screening server, followed by molecular docking analysis to evaluate the potential interaction. The results indicated that nearly all of the investigated ELRE chemical constituents showed high predicted affinity, with two compounds, 14,15β-dihydroxyklaineanone and niloticin, exhibiting higher affinity than glibenclamide for CYP3A4. These compounds may act as competitive substrates, potentially influencing glibenclamide metabolism.  
Co-Authors Agung Endro Nugroho Arief Nurrochmad Endang Lukitaningsih Isnaini, Puti Purwantiningsih, Purwantiningsih Wibisono, Aditya Rahman