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TEKNO EKONOMI PROSES DAUR ULANG ANODA GRAFIT BATERAI LITHIUM-ION KENDARAAN LISTRIK Miswanto, Agus; Wahyudi, Tatang; Prakosa, Agus; Birawidha, David Candra
Indonesian Mining Journal Vol 26 No 2 (2023): Indonesian Mining Journal, October 2023
Publisher : Balai Besar Pengujian Mineral dan Batubara tekMIRA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30556/imj.Vol26.No2.2023.1528

Abstract

Graphite is the primary material for battery anodes used in electronic devices such as cell phones, laptops, and electric vehicles. Exploiting natural graphite in Indonesia is still in the exploration stage. The ever increasing demand for energy storage devices poses challenges in producing battery-grade graphite. One possible approach is to recycle the graphite anode (AG) from used Lithium-ion Batteries (LIB) into battery components. By utilizing waste as a raw material, production costs are lower as well as the use of LIB becomes more sustainable. This study discusses the techno-economics of AG recycling from electric vehicle (EV) LIBs. Secondary data is used from various research reports, journals, and books published through the official website as references and assumptions in calculations and analysis. Mechanical separation to remove plastic components, washing with organic solvents (using dimethyl carbonate-DMC) and using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), then washing process with H2SO4 + H2O2 purifies graphite to be reused as anode material for the new LIB. Economic analysis shows that the Net Present Value is IDR 388,675,699, the Internal Rate of Return is 33.79% per year, and the Payback Period is two years and ten months. These three indicators show that the project is financially viable. The sensitivity analysis shows that it is still profitable if there is an increase in production costs of up to 20% and a decrease in selling prices of up to 20% or USD 12,000 per tonne.
Extraction of manganese from Indonesian manganese ore using sugarcane bagasse-acid reductive leaching Widi Astuti; Pinania, Kherani Hana; Lesmana, Donny; Dewi, Jilda Sofiana; Supriyadi, Harry; Sumardi, Slamet; Prakosa, Agus
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 19 No 1 (2025): Volume 19, Number 1, 2025
Publisher : Jurnal Rekayasa Proses

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.17591

Abstract

In this study, sugarcane bagasse was used as a reducing agent in manganese leaching from manganese ore from Way Kanan, Lampung under acidic conditions using sulfuric acid as a leaching reagent. Bagasse is an agricultural waste from the cane sugar manufacturing industry which is commonly found in Lampung Province. This agricultural waste has the potential to become a reducing agent in manganese leaching because it contains carbon in the form of cellulose and sugar. The optimization of the leaching conditions has been investigated with the parameters of H2SO4 concentration, temperature, and pulp density. The highest manganese leaching recovery was obtained under the following optimized conditions: 1 M H2SO4 concentration, 14 g sugarcane bagasse/20 g MnO2, 50 g/L pulp density, 80 °C leaching temperature, 200 rpm stirring rate, and 4 hours of reaction time. The present process therefore deals with achieving the effective recovery of value-added products from low-grade manganese ore using agriculture waste as reducing agent.