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Nutritional Properties Evaluation of Blowfly Larvae from Fish and Chicken Wastes for Asian Sea Bass Feed Formulation Application: Nutritional Properties Evaluation of Blowfly Larvae Anuar, Nurazira; Omar, Nur Faizah Moidu; Zakaria, Zainoha; Abdul Keyon, Aemi Syazwani; Muda, Nor Wajihan; Abd. Manaf, Mohammed Suhaimee; Mahat, Naji Arafat
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.03.02

This present research characterized the proximate nutrient, fatty acids and amino acids compositions of the wild third instar blowfly larvae collected from fish and chicken wastes as well as its mixture, in view of aquaculture feeding for Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer). Analyses of crude protein, crude lipids, crude fiber, ash, carbohydrates, amino as well as fatty acids were performed. Results revealed that the larvae that fed on the mixed substrates (chicken and fish, 50:50 ratio) had significantly the highest nutritional values (51.47 ± 0.32% of crude protein, 29.4 ± 1.47% of crude fat, 4.81 ± 0.83% of crude fiber, 4.85 ± 0.01% of ash and 12.71 ± 1.67% of carbohydrate) for formulating feeds for Asian sea bass when compared with that of chicken and fish wastes alone (P < 0.05). Similarly, significantly higher percentages of fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and amino acids (Arg, Lys, Met, Trp, His, Val, Ile, Leu and Phe) were observed in the larvae from mixed-substrates when compared with that of the remaining two substrates (P < 0.05). The findings supported the utilization of blowfly larvae harvested on mixed substrate as a possible candidate of nutrients for Asian sea bass feed formulations

Forensic Discrimination of Lipstick Stains Using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Pattern Recognition Techniques Azis, Mohd Afiq Mohd; Mahat, Naji Arafat; Maarof, Hasmerya; Azman, Sarah Aina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 24, No 6 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.97097

Lipstick stains discovered on objects (such as drinking cups) may be utilized as evidence and/or lead in forensic investigations by chemical analysis. Hence, this study analyzed two brands of lipstick stains' organic composition on paper cups over 0, 24, and 48 h of exposure using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), coupled with pattern recognition techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Spectral analysis revealed several functional group differences between the two brands of lipstick, viz. Wardah (W) and Silkygirl (S) stains, particularly in the fingerprint region of 1800–650 cm−1. Application of PCA (variance of ≥ 70%) and LDA successfully provided the suitable means for categorically classifying (a) the different brands of lipstick, (b) the male and female volunteers, as well as (c) the different periods of exposure. The fact that the cross-validation correct classification rates for all the LDA models exceeded 90.0%, their suitability for forensic provenance application of lip stains appears statistically supported. Hence, such an approach to combine the non-destructive ATR-FTIR analysis with PCA and LDA is not only easy and cost-effective but also forensically relevant for enabling the data mining process for forensic intelligence.

Nutritional Properties Evaluation of Blowfly Larvae from Fish and Chicken Wastes for Asian Sea Bass Feed Formulation Application: Nutritional Properties Evaluation of Blowfly Larvae Anuar, Nurazira; Omar, Nur Faizah Moidu; Zakaria, Zainoha; Abdul Keyon, Aemi Syazwani; Muda, Nor Wajihan; Abd. Manaf, Mohammed Suhaimee; Mahat, Naji Arafat
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 13 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.13.03.02

This present research characterized the proximate nutrient, fatty acids and amino acids compositions of the wild third instar blowfly larvae collected from fish and chicken wastes as well as its mixture, in view of aquaculture feeding for Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer). Analyses of crude protein, crude lipids, crude fiber, ash, carbohydrates, amino as well as fatty acids were performed. Results revealed that the larvae that fed on the mixed substrates (chicken and fish, 50:50 ratio) had significantly the highest nutritional values (51.47 ± 0.32% of crude protein, 29.4 ± 1.47% of crude fat, 4.81 ± 0.83% of crude fiber, 4.85 ± 0.01% of ash and 12.71 ± 1.67% of carbohydrate) for formulating feeds for Asian sea bass when compared with that of chicken and fish wastes alone (P < 0.05). Similarly, significantly higher percentages of fatty acids (DHA and EPA) and amino acids (Arg, Lys, Met, Trp, His, Val, Ile, Leu and Phe) were observed in the larvae from mixed-substrates when compared with that of the remaining two substrates (P < 0.05). The findings supported the utilization of blowfly larvae harvested on mixed substrate as a possible candidate of nutrients for Asian sea bass feed formulations

Ferula assafoetida as a Multi-Target Therapeutic Candidate for Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review Selvaraju, Anusia; Mahat, Naji Arafat; Jemon, Khairunadwa; Mohd Nasir, Mohd Hamzah; Abdul Hamid, Azzmer Azzar; Mohamed Huri, Mohamad Afiq
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.02.01

Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents a complex challenge in neurodegenerative research due to the persistent lack of disease-modifying therapies, prompting exploration of natural compounds with multi-target capabilities to modulate multiple pathways. Hence, this review evaluates the therapeutic potential of the ayurvedic plant, Ferula assafoetida, as a candidate for PD treatment. The phytochemical profile of F. assafoetida, rich in bioactive sulfur volatiles, phenolic acids, coumarins, and terpenes, aligns with mechanisms implicated in PD pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Critically, recent activity-guided isolation studies have successfully identified specific sesquiterpene coumarins, such as karatavicinol and farnesiferol C, as potent monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, demonstrating efficacy in ameliorating motor deficits and protecting dopaminergic neurons in a murine 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of PD. This breakthrough provides the first direct experimental evidence for F. assafoetida in a PD model, transitioning its status from a traditional remedy to a source of validated, bioactive lead compounds. While mammalian models offer crucial translational validation, zebrafish, with their conserved dopaminergic pathways, genetic tractability, and suitability for high-throughput screening, emerge as an ideal complementary platform for accelerating future research. Advanced phytochemical profiling, integrating chromatographic methods and in silico molecular docking, could prioritize lead compounds for further investigation. The integration of gene expression analysis in zebrafish models, alongside behavioral assays, enables a comprehensive understanding of the impact of this plant on PD-related pathways. This pertinent evidence now positions F. assafoetida as a viable preclinical candidate. Future research should prioritize chemical standardization across different plant sources and in vivo mechanistic studies in zebrafish. By illustrating the synergy between phytochemistry and innovative model systems, this review lays the groundwork for exploring F. assafoetida as a promising candidate for novel PD therapies and related neurodegenerative disorders.

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