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Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles from Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Extract with Characterization and Antioxidant Activity Susilo, Raden Joko Kuncoroningrat; Apsari, Retna; Hayaza, Suhailah; Cristian, Yeremia Budi; Prasetyo, Vania Griselda; Widianti, Imanda; Palmasih, Anastasia Alin; Jemon, Khairunadwa; Sajidah, Elma Sakinatus
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.104189

Abstract

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have gained attention in the medical field because of their enhanced bioactive properties and bioavailability. The green synthesis of nanoparticles offers an eco-friendly synthesis method. In this study, Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) extract was used for the green synthesis of SeNPs. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized using UV-visible (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and particle size analyzer (PSA). UV-vis analysis showed a peak at a wavelength of 288 nm, and the SeNPs demonstrated stability at low temperatures for up to 30 days. FTIR analysis indicated interactions between the pectin functional groups on okra and the surface of SeNPs. The SeNPs had a 6.48 nm diameter and polydispersity index of 0.13. A spherical morphology was observed in the nanoparticles. The antioxidant activity of SeNPs was evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) methods. The results showed a dose-dependent increase in free radical inhibition with 31.44 and 15.37% by DPPH and ABTS tests, respectively. The green synthesis of SeNPs using okra extract produced nanoparticles with unique properties based on several characterization results. In conclusion, SeNPs exhibited promising antioxidant activity, highlighting their potential for biomedical applications.
Ferula assafoetida as a Multi-Target Therapeutic Candidate for Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review Selvaraju, Anusia; Mahat, Naji Arafat; Jemon, Khairunadwa; Mohd Nasir, Mohd Hamzah; Abdul Hamid, Azzmer Azzar; Mohamed Huri, Mohamad Afiq
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 16 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.16.02.01

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents a complex challenge in neurodegenerative research due to the persistent lack of disease-modifying therapies, prompting exploration of natural compounds with multi-target capabilities to modulate multiple pathways. Hence, this review evaluates the therapeutic potential of the ayurvedic plant, Ferula assafoetida, as a candidate for PD treatment. The phytochemical profile of F. assafoetida, rich in bioactive sulfur volatiles, phenolic acids, coumarins, and terpenes, aligns with mechanisms implicated in PD pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Critically, recent activity-guided isolation studies have successfully identified specific sesquiterpene coumarins, such as karatavicinol and farnesiferol C, as potent monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, demonstrating efficacy in ameliorating motor deficits and protecting dopaminergic neurons in a murine 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of PD. This breakthrough provides the first direct experimental evidence for F. assafoetida in a PD model, transitioning its status from a traditional remedy to a source of validated, bioactive lead compounds. While mammalian models offer crucial translational validation, zebrafish, with their conserved dopaminergic pathways, genetic tractability, and suitability for high-throughput screening, emerge as an ideal complementary platform for accelerating future research. Advanced phytochemical profiling, integrating chromatographic methods and in silico molecular docking, could prioritize lead compounds for further investigation. The integration of gene expression analysis in zebrafish models, alongside behavioral assays, enables a comprehensive understanding of the impact of this plant on PD-related pathways. This pertinent evidence now positions F. assafoetida as a viable preclinical candidate. Future research should prioritize chemical standardization across different plant sources and in vivo mechanistic studies in zebrafish. By illustrating the synergy between phytochemistry and innovative model systems, this review lays the groundwork for exploring F. assafoetida as a promising candidate for novel PD therapies and related neurodegenerative disorders.