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Dampak pandemi covid-19 terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah Provinsi Bali Raainaa, Nural Achmad; Zahrurrijal, Muadz Muawwidz
Akuntansiku Vol 3 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : PT WIM Solusi Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54957/akuntansiku.v3i4.1056

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant dynamics in the financial sector, especially at the local government level. Bali Province, as a major tourism destination, is facing major challenges due to the global and local economic downturn triggered by the pandemic. This research aims to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on the financial performance of the Regional Government of Bali Province. This research aims to analyze changes in income, expenditure, independence ratio, effectiveness, efficiency, and regional financial activities in Bali Province during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Thus, it is hoped that this research will provide in-depth insight into how the pandemic has impacted regional financial structures. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method by analyzing regional financial data for the Province of Bali from 2019 to 2022. The data is analyzed using financial ratios which include income growth, independence ratio, effectiveness of local revenue (PAD), efficiency of PAD collection, and economic ratio. The research results show that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on regional income, with a sharp decline in 2020. Despite recovery in subsequent years, several regions in Bali Province showed noteworthy fluctuations in their financial performance. The self-reliance ratio increases in 2022, signaling the province's efforts to reduce dependence on transfers and loans. The implications of this research provide an in-depth understanding of the regional financial dynamics of Bali Province during the pandemic. These findings can serve as a basis for developing adaptive financial policies and strategies, as well as provide guidance for other local governments facing similar challenges. Pandemi COVID-19 telah menciptakan dinamika signifikan dalam sektor keuangan, khususnya pada tingkat pemerintah daerah. Provinsi Bali, sebagai destinasi pariwisata utama, menghadapi tantangan besar akibat penurunan ekonomi global dan lokal yang dipicu oleh pandemi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak pandemi tersebut terhadap kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan pendapatan, belanja, rasio kemandirian, efektivitas, efisiensi, dan aktivitas keuangan daerah Provinsi Bali selama periode pandemi COVID-19. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang bagaimana pandemi berdampak pada struktur keuangan daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menganalisis data keuangan daerah Provinsi Bali dari tahun 2019 hingga 2022. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rasio keuangan yang mencakup pertumbuhan pendapatan, rasio kemandirian, efektivitas penerimaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD), efisiensi pemungutan PAD, dan rasio ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap pendapatan daerah, dengan penurunan tajam pada tahun 2020. Meskipun terjadi pemulihan pada tahun-tahun berikutnya, beberapa daerah di Provinsi Bali menunjukkan fluktuasi yang perlu diperhatikan dalam kinerja keuangan mereka. Rasio kemandirian meningkat pada tahun 2022, menandakan usaha provinsi untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada transfer dan pinjaman. Implikasi dari penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam terhadap dinamika keuangan daerah Provinsi Bali selama pandemi. Temuan ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk menyusun kebijakan dan strategi keuangan yang adaptif, serta memberikan panduan bagi pemerintah daerah lain yang menghadapi tantangan serupa.
The Effect of Tax Avoidance on Firm Value in Non-Cyclical Consumer Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2018-2022 Darmawan, Davi Judha; Raainaa, Nural Achmad; Sofianti, Evin
Asian Journal of Management Analytics Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ajma.v3i1.8316

Abstract

This study intends to examine the impact of tax evasion on the value of firms in the Non-Cyclical Consumer sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. The study includes a population of 125 companies and a sample of 22 companies. The findings indicated that the tax evasion variable had a non-significant negative impact on business value, however the state ownership and foreign ownership variables had a substantial negative impact on firm value. This study's addition to the literature is based on empirical research carried out in the Non-Cyclical Consumer sector in Indonesia. It focuses on examining the impact of tax evasion, local ownership, and foreign ownership on business value. This study addresses a research vacuum by emphasizing the significance of examining the impact of tax evasion, local ownership, and foreign ownership on business value, a topic that has not received extensive attention in existing literature.
Prudence Accounting, Financial Distress, and Foreign Operations on Tax Avoidance: Leverage’s Moderating Role Raainaa, Nural Achmad; Andriani, Arifah Fibri
Accounting Analysis Journal Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/aaj.v14i2.30782

Abstract

Purpose : The study investigates the effect of prudence accounting, financial distress, and foreign operations on tax avoidance, while also examining the moderating role of leverage in these relationships. The research addresses inconsistencies in prior studies regarding the influence of these factors and highlights their relevance in Indonesia’s financial sector, which is highly regulated and susceptible to aggressive tax strategies. Method : Using secondary data from audited financial statements of financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2023, this study employs panel data regression analysis. The fixed effect model was chosen as the best fit after Chow and Hausman tests. Findings : The results reveal that prudence accounting and financial distress positively and significantly affect tax avoidance, while foreign operations show no significant impact. Furthermore, leverage weakens the positive relationship between both prudence accounting and financial distress with tax avoidance, but does not moderate the relationship between foreign operations and tax avoidance. Novelty : The study offers a comprehensive framework by integrating prudence accounting, financial distress, and foreign operations with leverage as a moderating variable, providing empirical evidence on how these factors interact in shaping tax avoidance strategies in the regulated Indonesian financial sector.
PERAN LEVERAGE DALAM HUBUNGAN ANTARA INTENSITAS MODAL, INTENSITAS PERSEDIAAN DAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK Raainaa, Nural Achmad; Firmansyah, Amrie
Bina Ekonomi Vol. 29 No. 2 (2025): Bina Ekonomi: Majalah Ilmiah Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
Publisher : Center for Economic Studies Universitas Katolik Parahyangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/3e7qd021

Abstract

Tax revenues represent the primary source of government income in Indonesia, with corporate income tax contributing significantly to the State Budget (APBN). However, the increase in tax realization often does not correspond to the nation’s tax potential, partly due to corporate tax avoidance practices. This study aims to analyze the effect of capital and inventory intensity on tax avoidance, with leverage as a moderating variable, in non-cyclical consumer sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020-2023 period. This sector was selected due to its relatively stable characteristics against changes in economic cycles and its capital-intensive nature in supporting operational activities. This study uses 132 firm-year observations obtained from the companies' annual financial reports. The analysis was conducted using a panel data regression method and a fixed-effects model. The results show that capital intensity positively affects tax avoidance, meaning that the higher the proportion of fixed assets in a company's asset structure, the greater the opportunity for management to engage in tax planning through depreciation policies and operational cost classification. Conversely, inventory intensity does not significantly influence tax avoidance, as inventory value better represents supply chain efficiency and production stability than fiscal strategy. Furthermore, leverage is not proven to moderate the relationship between capital intensity and inventory intensity with tax avoidance, indicating that debt-based funding structures do not influence tax avoidance behavior in stable sector companies such as non-cyclical consumer sectors. These findings strengthen empirical evidence that fixed asset structure is a key determinant of corporate tax planning practices. At the same time, debt use plays a greater role in supporting long-term productive investments. The policy implications of this study emphasize the importance of fiscal oversight of asset-intensive companies by the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT), as well as the need for the Financial Services Authority (OJK) to promote greater transparency in tax policy disclosures in annual reports and corporate sustainability reports.
Menuju Skema Vacant Property Tax (VPT) Yang Efektif: Studi Komparatif Dan Implikasinya Di Indonesia Rahmawati, Anisa; Rachmadhika, Hendra Arie; Raainaa, Nural Achmad; Saud, Yehezkiel Victor
Jurnalku Vol 4 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : PT Wim Solusi Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54957/jurnalku.v4i3.861

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui skema terbaik apabila Vacant Property Tax (VPT) diimplementasikan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berkaca pada penelitian - penelitian sebelumnya baik dari Indonesia maupun penerapan pada negara lain VPT memiliki implikasi positif dan implikasi negatif, sehingga pada penelitian ini penulis juga akan menganalisis implikasi implikasi tersebut dan menawarkan solusi untuk pemajakan yang efektif dan adil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam membahas topik yang menjadi tujuan penelitian ini. Metode kualitatif dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan berbagai literatur mulai dari buku, artikel, berita, dan sumber lain yang relevan dengan topik yang dibahas. Literatur yang dikumpulkan juga memuat contoh negara yang menerapkan Pajak Properti Kosong (VPT). Hasil penelitian ini berupa subjek, objek, tarif, hingga skema penerapan VPT serta implikasi positif dan negatif penerapan VPT di Indonesia. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru dengan mengkaji potensi Vacant Property Tax dalam mengatasi backlog perumahan dan menurunkan harga rumah di Indonesia. Skema penerapan Vacant Property Tax yang dirumuskan dalam penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan yang bisa dipertimbangkan bagi otoritas pajak Indonesia (Direktorat Jenderal Pajak) dalam merumuskan kebijakan yang tepat dan efektif.
Review of revenue accounting implementation at PDAM XYZ based on SAK EP Raainaa, Nural Achmad
Akuntansiku Vol 5 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : PT WIM Solusi Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54957/akuntansiku.v5i2.2099

Abstract

This study aims to: 1) determine the application of revenue accounting at PDAM XYZ, and 2) determine the suitability of the application of revenue accounting at PDAM XYZ with SAK EP. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through literature, interviews, observation and documentation. Then analyzed qualitatively. The research findings reveal: 1) In recognizing water revenue, the company uses the accrual method. The use of this method is appropriate and relevant, because the activity or transaction of selling water to customers cannot directly generate cash receipts. The company must first fulfill its obligations in the form of providing clean water to customers, then recognize revenue by issuing water billing which serves as proof of the right to collect against customer obligations after the goods and/or services have been provided by the company. At the end of each water usage period, customer relations officers will visit the customer's home and record the numbers on the water meter, this aims to determine the volume of clean water usage by each customer. The company will process the water usage data to determine the amount of revenue the company will receive. Next, the company issues a water bill in the form of a Billed Account List (DRD) which will become the customer's obligation and must be paid within the time period determined by the company. 2) The revenue measurement applied by PDAM XYZ is in accordance with SAK EP, namely based on the fair value of payments received or accrued. Revenue is received by the company in cash. The value of water revenue is determined by multiplying the volume of customer water usage during a period by the drinking water tariff in accordance with Mayoral Regulation No. 55 of 2005. Non-water revenue is assessed based on a decision of the board of directors (internal company), so the company can determine the appropriate amount of fees charged to customers for each transaction. These costs charged to customers are measured based on the fair value of the equipment and services required for the transaction. Non-operating income, such as deposit interest and bank interest (giro fees), is calculated by the company by multiplying the bank interest rate by the amount of money the company holds in the bank. For non-operating income other than deposit interest and bank interest, the amount of revenue is measured based on the fair value related to the gross economic benefits received.