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All Journal Unnes Law Journal Jurnal De Lege Ferenda Trisakti
Tia, Hendry Frand
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Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Legal Dynamics of Limited Liability Companies: Unveiling the Power of Commissioners and Shareholders to Take Legal Action Against Directors' Negligence Sufiarina, Sufiarina; Ali, Muhammad; Mufrina, Mufrina; Maulana, Ahmad; Tia, Hendry Frand
Unnes Law Journal Vol 9 No 2 (2023): Contemporary Issues on Law and Development: Social, Political and Legal Aspects
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ulj.v9i2.75526

Abstract

The Limited Liability Company (LLC) is characterized by its distinct juridical entity, effectively segregating its management group from shareholders. Operating as a business entity, the primary goal of an LLC is profit generation. Functioning as a corporate legal entity with legal personality, an LLC comprises three key organizational components: the General Shareholders’ Meeting, Directors, and Commissioners. Directors, or the Board of Directors (BOD), bear the responsibility of managing and representing the LLC both within and outside the legal realm. The position of BOD is mandated to be occupied by a natural person, or 'naturlijk person,' either as a single individual (Director) or collectively by two or more individuals (Board of Directors). Despite a stringent selection process for board positions, the inherent nature of directors as natural persons introduces the possibility of intentional or negligent errors in management, potentially leading to financial losses. In the face of such negligence, the pertinent question arises: can a commissioner (Board of Commissioners) and/or shareholders initiate legal action against a director or BOD, whose legal standing is as the company’s representative? To address this query, a comprehensive library research initiative is undertaken, focusing on the analysis of Article 97 and Article 98 of the Limited Liability Company’s legal statutes. This examination aims to elucidate the viable courses of action that can be pursued against the company in the event of directorial negligence. The research findings reveal that specific commissioners and/or shareholders, in the absence of a director's power of attorney, are granted the authority by the LLC’s legal statutes to initiate legal proceedings against the director or board of directors in a court of law.
PENURUNAN MUKA TANAH DI JAKARTA: KAJIAN YURIDIS ATAS TANGGUNG JAWAB NEGARA DAN KORPORASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR Tia, Hendry Frand
Jurnal De Lege Ferenda Trisakti Volume 3, Nomor 2, September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25105/ferenda.v3i2.24300

Abstract

Penurunan muka tanah yang terjadi di kota-kota besar Indonesia, terutama Jakarta, akibat eksploitasi air tanah berlebihan, telah menjadi masalah lingkungan yang mendesak. Latar belakang permasalahan ini berkaitan dengan kerusakan ekologis yang terjadi akibat pengelolaan sumber daya air yang tidak berkelanjutan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tanggung jawab negara dan korporasi dalam mengatasi penurunan muka tanah yang disebabkan oleh eksploitasi air tanah berlebihan, serta mengkaji efektivitas regulasi yang ada. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat adalah bagaimana bentuk tanggung jawab negara dan korporasi dalam mengatasi penurunan muka tanah akibat eksploitasi air tanah, serta sejauh mana kebijakan dan regulasi yang ada dapat mengatasi permasalahan ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan menganalisis regulasi dan kebijakan terkait pengelolaan air tanah, serta menggunakan teori State Responsibility sebagai alat analisis untuk memahami tanggung jawab negara dalam mengelola sumber daya alam. Solusi yang diajukan mencakup penguatan regulasi, penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas, serta penerapan prinsip "polluter pays" untuk korporasi yang merusak lingkungan, di samping perlunya koordinasi lintas sektor antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah dalam mengelola air tanah secara berkelanjutan.
Co-Authors Ahmad MAULANA Mufrina, Mufrina MUHAMMAD ALI Sufiarina