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Journal : Open Access DRIVERset

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Toxicity Effects of Newbouldia Stem Bark Extract Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Umaru, Isaac John; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3350

Abstract

Newbouldia leavis is a boundary tree. it is a medium size angiosperm which belongs to the Bignoniaceae family. It is a fast-growing evergreen shrub or small tree. This study was carried out to investigate antibacterial activity of the methanol extract of Newbouldia stem bark. The antibacterial activity of the methanol extracts was determined by the agar well diffusion method. Three standard bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were used for the antibacterial assay. Result of screening plant extracts for antibacterial activity showed that most of the organisms were sensitive to the extract. The antibacterial test utilizing well diffusion assay showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the plant extract compared to Gram-negative bacteria. This study supports the use of Newboulda leavis in traditional medicine as well as highlights the need to further explore the potentials of the plant extract as antibacterial agent.
Hypoglycemic Potentials of Newbouldia laevis Stem Bark Extract in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Umaru, Isaac John; Chisom, Gabriel Favour; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3351

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the antidiabetic of the methanol extract of Newbouldia stem bark and to determine its safety and toxicity. Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was administered to albino rats via the oral route. The diabetic rats were then placed in 6 groups, following stabilization of hyperglycemia. The first group was non-diabetic, the second and third group were the diabetic control. The next three groups received, each day, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the methanol extract Newbouldia laevis and the second group received a reference standard, metformin (200mg/kg). Treatment was via the oral route for 14 days and fasting blood sugar level was monitored over this period. Acute toxicity (oral and intraperitoneal) studies on the extract was carried out. Blood glucose levels from day 1 to 14 days of treatment increased significantly (p <0.05) in all the treatment groups, except group 3 (positive control) which showed no significant difference compared to the normal control group. This study supports the use of Newbouldia laevis in traditional medicine as well as highlights the need to further explore the potentials of the plant extract as an antidiabetic.
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Capacity of Methanol Root Extract of Mangifera Indica Umaru, Isaac John; Ugbedeojo, Sule John; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3352

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed enhanced research work reported on plants and plant products. In this regard, plants with traditional therapeutic usage are being screened more efficiently to be considered as a substitution or as a better alternative agent for Human Pathogens. Antioxidant activity, antibacterial, antifungal properties, colour, phytochemical and FT-IR spectral analysis of flowers belonging to Hibiscus moscheutos was determined. Radical scavenging activity of sample extracts were determined based on the percent inhibition of DPPH and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Total phenolics were estimated based on the Folin–Ciocalteu method, while, vanillin–HCl and aluminum chloride methods were employed to estimate total tannins and flavonoids in the sample extracts, respectively. To determine total flavonols and anthocyanin contents, spectrophotometric method was employed. For antibacterial activities, modified agar disk diffusion method was adopted. Results: The crude extracts of hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, extracts with concentration levels at 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/mL were shown to significantly affect the inhibition of bacterial selected. The presence of phytochemicals compounds possesses the high antibacterial activities of this crude extracts. This study proved that Mangifera Indica crude extracts could be useful for inhibiting the selected pathogens which has an antioxidant potential as well as a natural bacterial agent.
Hepatocurative Effect of Methanol Extract of Newbouldia laevis Leaves in Alloxan-Induced Liver Damage in Albino Rats Umaru, Isaac John; Rebecca, Tsokwa Punarimam; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 1 No 1 (2024): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v1i1.3354

Abstract

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect (Hepatocurative and antibacterial potential) of Newboulda laevis leaves in alloxan-induced liver damage in Wister Albino Rats. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was bought from a local market in Wukari, Taraba State. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was chop and then pulverized into fine powder. The methanol crude extracts andthirty-two albino Wistar rats weighing 90-220 g was used for this research. Liver toxicity was induced in male rats by an intraperitoneal single dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. samples were subjected to biochemical estimation of liver function. The result showed a significant (p≤0.05) increase in serum AST level for group II (60.6 ± 1.12) which was administered high dose of Alloxan and serves as the negative control group, when compared to the normal control group I (35.09 ± 2.07) which only received feed and water. From the result described in table 4.0 above, it showed a significant (p≤0.05) increase in ALT level for group II (58.11 ± 0.42) negative control when compared with group I (20.00 ± 0.41) normal control. Group III (29.98 ± 0.12) which received standard drug showed a significant decrease in ALT which is a sign that there is some level of repair on the liver cells. Group IV (36.22 ± 0.s70), group V (30.00 ± 0.27) and group VI (29.99 ± 0.12) which received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of Newbouldia laevis leaves extract respectively when compared with the negative control group II, showed a significant decrease in ALT level. There was a significant (p≤0.05) increase in ALP level for group II (255.80 ± 1.12) which received Alloxan when compared with the normal control group I (80.21 ± 0.44) providing evidence to support the increase in ALT and AST level in group II, suggestive of liver injury. The treatment groups III, VI, V and VI showed significant (p<0.05) difference, when compared to the negative control group. No significant (p<0.05) difference between group V and VII. It was deduced that the total protein for group II (10.95 ± 0.37) significantly (p<0.05) decreased when compared to the normal control group I (14.13 ± 0.55). This is because low levels of total protein in the blood can occur because of impaired function of the liver. Administration of Newbouldia laevis leaves extract significantly (p<0.05) elevated total protein levels for group IV (10.99 ± 0.41), V (12.76 ± 0.41) and VI (12.98 ± 0.58). Albumin being the most abundant protein in the blood, equally followed same pattern as total protein, with Albumin level of (10.83 ± 0.10), (6.13 ± 0.05), (9.82 ± 0.18) (6.75 ± 0.13), (7.99 ± 0.10) and (9.60 ± 0.13) for group I, II, III, IV, V and V respectively. Thus, emphasizing the potential of the extract as a source agent for medication for ailment and diseases.
Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Annona senegalensis on Lipid Profile and Kidney Function in Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats Umaru, Isaac John; Adamu, Usman Lukman; Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza; Okang, Ogar Fonne; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Philip, Shadrach; Frank, Otashu Kenneth
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 3 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i3.7363

Abstract

Liver cancer remains a major global health burden, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most common form and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Its progression is often accompanied by metabolic and renal dysfunction, complicating treatment outcomes. While conventional therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted drug treatments offer benefits, they are frequently associated with high toxicity and adverse side effects. This discussion highlights the potential of Annona senegalensis as a safer alternative for managing HCC-related complications, particularly in the context of lipid metabolism and renal function. Evidence from experimental studies suggests that the ethanolic leaf extract of A. senegalensis significantly improves lipid profiles by reducing cholesterol levels from 368.57 ± 1.72 in the negative control group to 266.40 ± 0.88, 217.46 ± 0.82, and 182.24 ± 1.20 at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg doses, respectively, while maintaining favorable HDL levels at higher doses. These findings indicate the extract’s potential to enhance lipid metabolism, lower cardiovascular risk, and provide renal protection during liver cancer progression. Beyond its biochemical effects, the study reinforces the growing relevance of integrating traditional medicinal plants into modern healthcare frameworks as complementary therapeutic options. Overall, A. senegalensis demonstrates promising hepatoprotective, metabolic, and nephroprotective effects, warranting further investigation into its bioactive compounds and clinical applicability.