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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research IJES : Indonesian Journal of Environmental Sustainability.
Maulana, Fahrul Rozi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Engineering Environmental Science Social Sciences Veterinary

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Analysis of Indonesian Palm Oil Competitiveness in the Main Export Destination Countries Maulana, Fahrul Rozi; Sukiyono, Ketut; Nusril; Sriyoto
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): InJAR, Vol. 6, No. 2, July 2023
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v6i2.11420

Abstract

Indonesia is the largest palm oil producing country in the world with a production volume of nearly 43 million tons/year. The high production of Indonesian palm oil is a new opportunity that needs to be developed in this globalization era to compete with its main competitors. Therefore, an analysis is needed in order to discover the competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil commodity in the main export destination countries. Export is an activity conducted by a country by selling its products abroad using the payment system, quality, quantity, and other sales terms that have been agreed upon by the exporting and importing countries. This study aims to analyze the level of competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil exports in the Asian and European markets represented by six countries: India, Malaysia, Singapore, the Netherlands, Italy, and Spain. The analytical method used is Revealed Competitive Advantage (RCA) to see the comparative advantage and to determine whether the performance of Indonesian palm oil products in the main export destination countries increases or decreases by using the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA Index) calculation. The data used are secondary data in the form of time series during the period of 2014 to 2020 and cross sections of the main export destination countries of Indonesian palm oil. The results of the calculation of the RCA value show that in the period 2014 to 2020 the RCA value of Indonesian palm oil products in the main export destination countries is higher than one (> 1). Thus, Indonesian palm oil products have a comparative advantage in the main exports of destination countries from year to year. In contrast to the RCA index calculation results in this study, Indonesian palm oil products are still able to show a positive trend every year. This is proven by certain years’ RCA index of the main export destination countries: India, Malaysia, Singapore, the Netherlands, Italy, and Spain is still less than one (<1) even though the average RCA index value for each country is higher than one (>1). Hence, it can be said that the performance of Indonesian palm oil products increases or decreases frequently every year in each of the main export destination countries.
EVALUATION OF INDONESIA’S READINESS FOR EARTH OVERSHOOT DAY 2045 THROUGH ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT, BIOCAPACITY, AND RESOURCE CONSUMPTION PROJECTION ANALYSIS Darmatama, Iman; Pratama, Zakhi Restu; Maulana, Fahrul Rozi
Indonesian Journal of Environmental Sustainability Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Center for Environmental Studies, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/ijes.v4i1.10381

Abstract

Rapid population growth, increasing resource consumption, and the implementation of the Indonesia Gold 2045 vision are expected to intensify pressure on natural resources, making the assessment of Indonesia's ecological readiness increasingly important. This study evaluates Indonesia’s readiness to face Earth Overshoot Day 2045 by integrating Ecological Footprint (EF), biocapacity (BC), ecological deficit, and Earth Overshoot Day (EOD) projections within the Indonesia Gold 2045 framework. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using historical data from the National Footprint and Biocapacity Accounts (NFBA) for the period 2005-2024. Trend analysis and historical linear trend extrapolation were applied to project future ecological conditions under a Business-as-Usual (BAU) scenario, assuming that current patterns of resource consumption and environmental management continue without significant policy intervention. The results indicate that Indonesia’s Ecological Footprint increased from 1.12 to 1.56 gha per capita, while biocapacity declined from 1.48 to 1.20 gha per capita, shifting the country from an ecological reserve to an ecological deficit since approximately 2015. Under the BAU scenario, the Ecological Footprint is projected to reach 2.18 gha per capita, whereas biocapacity is projected to decline to 0.90 gha per capita by 2045, resulting in an earlier occurrence of Earth Overshoot Day and a widening ecological deficit. These findings demonstrate the value of integrating Ecological Footprint, biocapacity, ecological deficit, and Earth Overshoot Day into a single analytical framework for assessing long-term ecological sustainability. The projected trends further indicate that strengthening resource efficiency, accelerating the transition to renewable energy, restoring ecosystems, and promoting circular economy practices will be essential to reduce ecological pressure and support Indonesia's sustainable development toward 2045.
Co-Authors Darmatama, Iman Ketut Sukiyono Nusril Pratama, Zakhi Restu Sriyoto