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All Journal International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering (IJEEPSE)
Ali, Umair
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Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy

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The Evaluation of Over Current Relay and Ground Fault Relay Settings on Power Transformers Fatwa Ulhuda, Fikri; Azhari Zakri, Azriyenni; Ali, Umair
International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): The International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering (I
Publisher : Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ijeepse.7.2.100-110

Abstract

Power transformer is an important component of the substation and has an important role in the electric power distribution system. During operation the power transformer can’t be isolated from distribution system when abnormal conditions or faults occur. A fault in the power transformer will have huge impact on the power transformer itself. The substation has an installed capacity of 60 MVA of power transformers, and during operation there is a possibility of relay failure, which may interrupt the power distribution process to the load. To avoid this failure, it is necessary to analyse the settings of Over Current Relay (OCR) and Ground Fault Relay (GFR) on the 60 MVA transformers. The analysis was carried out by simulating short circuit faults of the electrical system in the ETAP software application, and then configure the setting of the relay by referring to the magnitude of the short circuit current value for phase to phase and phase to ground. The results of this analysis are used as a reference to determine the OCR and GFR relay values in the power transformer. The results obtained show that the recommended value for OCR setting on 150 kV power transformers is 0.92 second while for GFR is 0.96 second, and for the 20 KVA power transformers the OCR and GFR setting values are 0.40 and 0.20 seconds respectively. Comparison based on the results of the setup data and the analysis data has carried out, there is difference in the working time of the relay, with a difference of 5%, where the value of the analysis results is not much different from the conditions in the field.
Assessing the Viability of Converting Fuel-Based Pedicabs to Electric Pedicabs: A Case Study in Padang Hidayat; Azhari Zakri, Azriyenni; Satria, Iman; Duskiardi; Arzul; Ali, Umair
International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): The International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering (I
Publisher : Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/ijeepse.8.1.1-14

Abstract

This study evaluates the feasibility of converting oil-powered three-wheeled pedicabs to electric vehicles to support sustainable urban transportation. The research focuses on pedicabs in Padang, which are commonly adapted from motorcycles. The feasibility assessment includes technical, financial, and demand analysis to determine the viability of the conversion. A survey was conducted among pedicab users to assess operational costs, fuel consumption, maintenance expenses, awareness of green energy, and willingness to transition to electric-powered pedicabs. The technical design involved selecting conversion components, estimating costs, and analyzing post-conversion operational expenses. The proposed electric pedicab utilizes a 2 kW, 72 V BLDC motor, with an estimated conversion cost of IDR 10 million. The operational cost before conversion is IDR 150,000 per week. Financial analysis shows that while initial operating costs for electric pedicabs are higher, they become more economical after 103 weeks. The findings indicate that the conversion is technically and financially feasible, with 53.85% of surveyed pedicab users expressing willingness to switch to electric models. This study highlights the potential to reduce fossil fuel dependence and promote environmentally friendly transportation alternatives in urban areas.
Co-Authors Arzul Azhari Zakri, Azriyenni Duskiardi Fatwa Ulhuda, Fikri Hidayat Hidayat Satria, Iman