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All Journal The Journal of Society Medicine (JSOCMED)
Tona, Azwar Iwan
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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Role of Glucagon in The Metabolic Response: Review Tona, Azwar Iwan; Syukri, Maimun
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023): February
Publisher : CoinReads Media Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/jsocmed.v2i2.62

Abstract

Historically, glucagon is the counter-regulatory hormone of insulin. Glucagon secretion is induced by fasting conditions or hypoglycaemia to increase glucose levels. Glucagon is the dominant product of alpha cells in the islet and was first identified in 1923 during an attempt to purify insulin, where it was identified as a contaminant hyperglycaemia factor. Further research determined that the hyperglycaemic action of glucagon is mediated by increased hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to increase endogenous glucose production. Insulin and glucagon as opposing hormones work together for glycaemic control. Diabetic hyperglycaemia is caused by increased impaired insulin action and inappropriately elevated glucagon levels. This review summarizes an important function of glucagon is its role as a regulator of glucose homeostasis. Increased plasma glucagon levels lead to increased hepatic glucose production. The balance between insulin and glucagon is responsible for maintaining euglycaemia conditions. In conditions of hypoglycaemia, increased glucagon secretion leads to increased hepatic glucose production through a number of cellular mechanisms including suppression of glycogenesis and glycolysis and stimulation of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Literature Review Tona, Azwar Iwan
Journal of Society Medicine Vol. 3 No. 9 (2024): September
Publisher : CoinReads Media Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/jsocmed.v3i9.172

Abstract

This literature review examines the advancements and outcomes associated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), a minimally invasive procedure widely utilized to treat coronary artery disease. The review highlights key studies that evaluate the efficacy and safety of PCI, comparing it to traditional surgical options such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). It explores the evolution of PCI techniques, including drug-eluting stents and optical coherence tomography, and their impact on patient outcomes, including rates of restenosis and major adverse cardiovascular events. Stents should be deployed to attain minimal residual stenosis, referred to as optimum stenting. The achievement of a substantial luminal diameter reduces the likelihood of stent thrombosis and restenosis. Patients receiving elective stent therapy are often discharged within 24 hours post-implantation, following overnight observation and monitoring. Same-day discharge may be suitable for elective patients who have an easy operation and possess a minimal risk of post-discharge complications.
Co-Authors Maimun Syukri, Maimun