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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Business Intelligence BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Jurnal Matematika UNAND KUBIK: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmiah Matematika Journal of Mathematics Education and Science Euler : Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Sains dan Teknologi Yayasan Cita Cendikiawan Al Khwarizmi Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat : Pemberdayaan, Inovasi dan Perubahan eProceedings of Engineering
Sa'adah, Aminatus
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Journal : Jurnal Matematika UNAND

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OPTIMAL BLOOD GLUCOSE CONTROL IN TYPE 1 DIABETIC PATIENTS BY USING PONTRYAGIN’S MINIMUM PRINCIPLE AND EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER Sa'adah, Aminatus; Paramadini, Adanti Wido
Jurnal Matematika UNAND Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Matematika dan Sains Data FMIPA Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jmua.14.2.117-128.2025

Abstract

Artificial Pancreas (AP) is an advanced diabetes management technology. AP requires an automatic control algorithm to determine the level of insulin injection based on the glucose level calculated on the Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) sensor. Bergman Minimal Model (BMM) is a basic model in describing the dynamics of glucose-insulin in the human body. This study aims to determine the optimal control using Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP), which is subject to reducing glucose levels in type 1 diabetes patients to be within the normal glucose level interval of 80-120 mg/dL. The BMM parameter values will be estimated using EKF to support the acquisition of precise and personal numerical simulations. Based on the control de sign simulation that has been obtained, the optimal control of insulin injection is given maximally (25 mU/L) during the first two hours of observation; then, the level decreases slowly until it reaches 0 at 12 hours of observation. This scenario successfully reduces the patient’s glucose levels at the end of the observation period from 170.4 mg/dL (with out control) to 121.2 mg/dL. This result providing a confident basis for initial future research and development in diabetes management.
Co-Authors Adanti Wido Paramadini An-Naayif, Hanief Taqiyuddien Adz-Dzaky Bita Parga Zen Briliana, Carlita Wahyu Dasril Aldo Dedy Agung Prabowo Dewi Handayani Dian Kartika Sari, Dian Kartika Dimas Fanny Hebrasianto Permadi Faiz, M. Hanif Al Faizah Faizah Fathan, Faizal Burhani Ulil Fau, Andrew Fiqrian, Muhammad Nafal Firmansyah, Muhammad Raafi'u Hidayat, Afifah Naurah Masulah, Bidayatul Maulana, Ihsan Muadin, Dika Alim Oktavia, Laksmi Dwi Pasaribu, Asysta Amalia Prihantini Prihantini Salsabila, Luciana Sasmito, Ayomi Sulaeman, Gilang Suprapto, Amelia Rut Yasin, Feri Yohani Setiya Rafika Nur Zefanya Yuni Br, Syaloom