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An Efficacy of Seligi Leaf Flour Fermentation on Cholesterol Levels, Low Density Lipoprotein, and High Density Lipoprotein in Catfish Hardiansyah, Reza; Lamid, Mirni
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol5.iss1.2022.41-47

Abstract

Catfish is a freshwater fish with a high economic value, so it is very good to be developed. Feed is one of the most important components in the cultivation process because it plays a role in supporting the plants and the survival of cultivated fish. Seligi (Phyllanthus buxifolius) is a native Indonesian medicinal plant that has been widely used for medicinal purposes. Seligi leaf extract is known to contain flavonoids, polyphenols (tannins), saponins, alkaloids, quinones, and triterpenoid steroids. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of using fermented seligi leaf flour in feed to reduce levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and high densities lipoprotein in catfish meat. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The main parameters in this study were total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in catfish meat. The supporting parameters in this research are water quality which includes temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and ammonia (NH3-N). The results showed that the total cholesterol content of catfish meat ranged from 116.84-233.65 mg/dL. Meanwhile, the results of LDL in catfish meat ranged from 37.89-74.22 mg/dL. Then, the content of HDL in catfish meat ranges from 89.25-225.87 mg/dL.
Legal Responsibility of Marketplaces for Consumer Losses Due to Counterfeit Products: A Comparative Study of Indonesia and Singapore Purnama, Ikmal Ramdhan; Purnama, Akmal Ramdhan; Hardiansyah, Reza; Rahman, Alip; Dimyati, Agus
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v5i5.1228

Abstract

The rapid development of e-commerce in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia and Singapore, has opened up new economic opportunities, but it has also raised serious concerns regarding the circulation of counterfeit products on digital marketplace platforms. Counterfeit products not only harm the original manufacturer economically, but also endanger consumers in terms of health and safety. This research aims to evaluate and compare the legal responsibility of marketplaces for consumer losses due to counterfeit products based on regulations in Indonesia and Singapore. The method employed was a normative, juridical, and macro-comparative approach, involving the analysis of laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and interviews with stakeholders in the consumer protection sector. The results indicate that Indonesia lacks a robust legal framework for holding marketplaces accountable, which hinders consumers' access to effective legal protection. In contrast, Singapore has developed a progressive legal system through the Consumer Protection (Fair Trading) Act, which requires marketplaces to apply the precautionary principle and provide efficient dispute resolution mechanisms. The findings confirm that marketplaces should be positioned as active business actors who can be held legally liable when harm occurs to consumers due to the sale of counterfeit products. This research recommends revisions to Indonesia's Consumer Protection Law and Government Regulation No. 80/2019 to align with the development of modern e-commerce practices, including the implementation of digital product certification and reverse proof to ensure fairness for consumers.