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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Jurnal NERS Journal of Health Sciences
Mohamad, Norfidah
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Health Professions Nursing

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Determinants of caregiver burden in community-dwelling caregivers of patients with severe and persistent mental illness Mulud, Zamzaliza Abdul; Goodwin, John; Mohamad, Norfidah; Wahab, Patimah Abdul
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v14i1.24074

Abstract

Loss of independence due to cognitive and functional ability is the main challenge experienced by individuals with severe mental illness. This study aimed to investigate the associated factors of caregiver burden among caregivers of individuals with severe and persistent mental illness living in the community. We used a cross-sectional design with open-ended questions to determine the contributing factors to caregiver burden. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure caregiver burden and resilience (n=201). Caregiver burden and resilience were operationalized using the caregiver burden inventory scale (CBI) and Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RS), respectively. The findings showed that the caregivers were experiencing a moderate level of caregiver burden (M=30.7, SD=20.3). Caregiving-related stressors are the most important predictor of caregiver burden, explaining 28.3% of the variance in caregiver burden. Finally, the hierarchical analysis found that resilience, caregiver-related stressors, and socio-demographic factors contributed to 52.4% of the variance in caregiver burden. New factors that contributed to the burden, such as lack of support and knowledge deficit, emerged from the qualitative findings. The results highlighted the growing evidence of the role of caregivers' socio-demographic variables, caregiving-related stressors, and resilience to caregiver burden.
Prevalence and determinants of depression among community- dwelling older adults with chronic diseases Mulud, Zamzaliza Abdul; Mohamad, Norfidah
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 12, No 2: June 2023
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v12i2.22194

Abstract

The older population continues to grow globally, and data related to the prevalence of depressive symptoms among this population in Malaysia is scarce. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of depression symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 outpatients with chronic diseases. The level of depression was operationalized using the Malay version of the Geriatric Depression Scale. The prevalence of depression among community-dwelling older adults was 16.4%. Female (OR =8.86, 95% CI=1.10–7.53, p=0.03), Chinese ethnic group (OR=4.73, 95% CI= 1.04– 21.48, p=0.04), multimorbidity (OR=3.36, 95% CI=1.07–12.60, p=0.04) and presence of pain (OR=6.67, 95% CI=2.41–18.45, p<0.01) were associated to depressive symptoms. However, higher resilience was associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms in this population (OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.88–0.93, p<0.01). The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults with chronic diseases is higher than in previous data. Early identification of depression in this population is crucial for effective chronic disease management.
The impact of self-care behavior on quality of life among patients with heart failure in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study Mohamad, Norfidah; Mulud, Zamzaliza Abdul; Chan, Chong Mei; Razak, Hairil Rashmizal Abdul; Esa, Nor Masita
Jurnal Ners Vol. 20 No. 3 (2025): VOLUME 20 ISSUE 3 (AUGUST 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jn.v20i3.67901

Abstract

Introduction: Individuals with heart failure anticipate adjustment to self-care behaviors following hospital discharge. Self-care in heart failure includes medication adherence, dietary modifications, symptom monitoring, and activity adjustment. Adequate self-care behavior may contribute to enhanced outcomes, decreased hospitalization, and improved quality of life in patients with heart failure. This study aimed to determine the level of self-care behavior, quality of life, and its relationships among patients with heart failure. Methods: A cross-sectional study using purposive sampling was conducted among 200 heart failure patients at a teaching hospital in Selangor, Malaysia. The sample size was determined using G*Power to ensure adequate statistical power. Data were collected using the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ). Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regression were used in this study. Results: The results indicated that the total mean score of self-care behavior was 145.42 and SD=16.23. Most patients demonstrated good quality of life (n=73, 36.5%), moderate quality of life (n=62, 31%), and poor quality of life (n=65, 32.5 %). Pearson's correlation revealed a significant (p<0.001) correlation (r = 0.651) between self-care behavior and quality of life. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that higher levels of self-care are associated with better quality of life in patients with heart failure. It is recommended that nurses provide individualized self-care education at discharge, focusing on medication adherence, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle changes to improve quality of life.
Caregiver Burden and Depression Among Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Disease Mohamad, Norfidah; Mulud, Zamzaliza Abdul; Tutienande , Nurfeekah Afzatul; Sazaly, Nur Nadhrah; Ibrahim, Nurul Hazirah
Jurnal Ners Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024): MAY 2024
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jn.v19i2.51301

Abstract

Introduction: Caring for people with chronic diseases is physically and emotionally demanding. It can also have adverse effects on the caretaker, such as depression. Caregiver burden describes the psychological and financial strains of providing care. Depression in caregivers' manifests as concern, indecision, and an inability to feel the future. Chronic disease is a condition that takes a long time to treat and may progressively get worse over time. This study aims to identify the level of caregiver burden and depression and the correlation between burden and depression among caregivers of patients with chronic diseases. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire containing the Caregiver Burden Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory was used to measure caregiver burden and depression among 217 caregivers of patients with chronic diseases in a teaching hospital in the Klang Valley. Results: The findings showed that the majority of caregivers experienced a mild burden (n = 168, 77.4%), a moderate burden (n = 43, 19.8%), and a severe burden (n = 6, 2.8%). Following mild depression (n = 17, 7.8%), moderate depression (n = 15, 6.9%), and severe depression (n = 4, 1.8%), some caregivers experienced minimal depression (n = 181, 83.4%). According to Pearson's analysis, the link between caregiver burden and depression was statistically significant (p<0.000) with a positive correlation (r = 0.408). Conclusion: In this study, caregivers experienced burden and depression due to providing care. Future studies should incorporate support and resources for caregivers, including respite care and counselling that can promote overall well-being.
Application of the Health Belief Model to Compliance with the Use of Personal Protective Equipment by Laundry Staff: A Systematic Literature Review Maulana, Irvan; Winarti, Eko; Mohamad, Norfidah
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol 17 No 01 (2024): Vol. 17 No. 01 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (Journal of Health Science)
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/jhs.v17i01.4408

Abstract

Personal protective equipment is essential to safeguard workers from potential hazards in the workplace, including chemicals, dust, heat, or germs. The proper use of personal protective equipment can prevent or reduce injuries and illnesses at work. The goal of this literature review is to explore research on the utilization of personal protective equipment by hospital laundry workers based on the health belief model. The systematic literature review is the chosen method for conducting this study. It is a scientific approach employed to analyze, assess, synthesize, and critique research findings on specific themes or issues. To enhance compliance with personal protective equipment among laundry personnel, it is crucial to elevate knowledge and awareness, address unfavorable attitudes or perceptions, provide resources and comfort, implement adequate supervision and procedures, and foster a supportive organizational culture. Healthcare organizations can promote adherence to personal protective equipment guidelines among laundry staff by offering instruction and training, facilitating communication and awareness, providing administrative support, enforcing oversight, setting positive role models, continuously evaluating, and improving procedures, engaging employees, and ensuring ongoing support and resources.
Co-Authors Chan, Chong Mei Esa, Nor Masita Goodwin, John Ibrahim, Nurul Hazirah Maulana, Irvan Mulud, Zamzaliza Abdul Razak, Hairil Rashmizal Abdul Sazaly, Nur Nadhrah Tutienande , Nurfeekah Afzatul Wahab, Patimah Abdul winarti, eko