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All Journal Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics ENGLISH FRANCA : Academic Journal of English Language and Education
Bhatt, Kiritkumar
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Religion Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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The Impact Explorative Study of Teachers’ Perception on Online Learning Based on Technology Accepted Model Rukminingsih, Rukminingsih; Novianti, Hartia; Bhatt, Kiritkumar; Rukmi, Nala Sita
ENGLISH FRANCA : Academic Journal of English Language and Education Vol. 7 No. 2 November (2023): ENGLISH FRANCA : Academic Journal of English Language and Education pr
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/ef.v7i2.7201

Abstract

This study aims to offer teachers' perspectives on the effects of integrating online learning, utilizing technology accepted models (TAM) by Davis, during the spread of the Corona virus. This study employed an exploratory case study to dig up further about English teachers’ perception toward online learning based on TAM. The participants consisted of 20 SMPN teachers to respond the questioner and 5 SMPN teachers to answer the interview in Jombang region, East java, Indonesia. The data were obtained from questionnaires and interviews developed based on TAM. All participants completed online research questionnaires with Google Form application. And was followed by interviews to support the finding from questionnaire. The results indicated that participants held a favorable opinion about the perceived utility, convenience of use, and behavioral intention of online learning systems.   The majority of teachers agreed on online learning. Although the teachers faced multiple challenges when conducting online classes, they remained optimistic about utilizing technology for remote instruction. 
Power-Efficient 8-Bit ALU Design Using Squirrel Search and Swarm Intelligence Algorithms Pasaya, Ashish; Hadia, Sarman; Bhatt, Kiritkumar
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 7 No 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v7i3.822

Abstract

The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) serves as a core digital computing element which performs arithmetic functions along with logic operations. The normal operation of ALU designs leads to increased power consumption because of signal redundancy and continuous operation when new data inputs are unavailable. The research implements the Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA) combined with Swarm Intelligence Algorithm (SIA) for 8-bit ALU optimization to achieve maximum resource efficiency alongside computational accuracy. The optimization properties of SSA and SIA make them ideal choices for digital circuit design applications because they yielded successful results in power-aware systems. The proposed method utilizes SSA-based conditional execution paired with SIA-based transition minimization to direct operations to execute only during fluctuating input data conditions thus eliminating undesired calculations. Studies confirm SSA and SIA function more effectively than distributed clock gating for power saving because they enable runtime-dependent optimization without creating significant computational overhead. The experimental Xilinx Vivado tests executed on an AMD Spartan-7 FPGA (XC7S50FGGA484) running at 100 MHz frequency established that SSA eliminates power consumption from 6 mW to 2 mW, and SIA achieves a power level of 4 mW. The SSA algorithm generates worst negative slack (WNS) values of 8.740 ns which SIA produces as 6.531 ns improving system timing performance. SSA-optimized ALU requires the same number of LUTs as the unoptimized design at 42 LUTs yet SIA uses 50 LUTs because of added logical elements. We observe no changes in flip-flop use during SSA where nine FFs remain yet SIA shows an increase in its usage up to 29 FFs due to input tracking. The study proves that bio-inspired methods create energy-efficient platforms which make them ideal for implementing ALU designs with FPGAs. Research studies demonstrate that hybrid swarm intelligence techniques represent an unexplored potential to optimize power-efficient architectures thus reinforcing their significance for future high-performance energy-efficient digital systems.
Co-Authors Hadia, Sarman Novianti, Hartia Pasaya, Ashish Rukmi, Nala Sita Rukminingsih Rukminingsih, Rukminingsih