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All Journal Kiryoku: Jurnal Studi Kejepangan Patrawidya: Seri Penerbitan Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arnawa
Fitria, Ajeng Aisyah
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Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Realisme Magis dalam Crita Cekak Berjudul Kerisku Kasangsaranmu Karya Suparto Brata Fitria, Ajeng Aisyah
Arnawa Vol 2 No 1 (2024): Edisi 1
Publisher : Javanese Language, Literature, and Culture Study Program, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/arnawa.v2i1.12513

Abstract

Literary works are considered the result of human reflection on the realist world. However, some literary works contain not only realist but also topics of magic, such as in the short story (cerkak) titled Kerisku Kasangsaranmu by Suparto Brata in the book Trem Anthology of Crita Cekak (2000). This study uses the theory of magical realism to uncover the magical nature of a realist literature. This theory is defined as an understanding that presents magical or irrational things that live in modern literary works. This study focuses on analyzing the characteristics and determining the level of magical realism. This research uses a qualitative method. The theory of magical realism characteristics from Wendy B. Faris explains about five characteristics of magical realism, namely 1) irreducible elements, 2) phenomenal world, 3) unsettling doubt, 4) merging realms, 5) disruption of time, space, and identity. Based on the results of the analysis, it was discovered that the short story Kerisku Kasangsaranmu has all the characteristics, so it could be categorized as a work of magical realism. The level between realist and magical in the cerkak is more prominent in the magical, resulting in realist or real things being covered by magics. This can be seen from the role of the 'naughty' keris which is more emphasized as the main conflict in the story. === Karya sastra dianggap sebagai hasil cerminan manusia terhadap dunia yang realis. Meskipun demikian, beberapa karya sastra tidak hanya mengandung hal-hal realis tetapi juga magis, seperti pada crita cekak (cerkak) berjudul Kerisku Kasangsaranmu karya Suparto Brata yang termuat dalam buku Trem Antologi Crita Cekak (2000). Kajian ini menggunakan teori realisme magis untuk membongkar hal-hal yang bersifat magis dalam karya sastra realis. Teori ini didefinisikan sebagai suatu paham yang menghadirkan hal-hal magis atau irrasional yang hidup pada karya sastra modern. Penelitian ini berfokkus pada analisis karakteristik dan penentuan kadar realisme magis. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif. Teori karakteristik realisme magis dari Wendy B. Faris menerangkan tentang lima karakteristik realisme magis, yakni 1) irreducible element, 2) phenomenal world, 3) unsettling doubt, 4) merging realms, 5) disruption time, space, and identity. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, ditemukan bahwa cerkak Kerisku Kasangsaranmu memiliki semua karakteristik, sehingga dapat dikelompokkan sebagai karya realisme magis. Kadar antara realis dan magis dari cerkak tersebut lebih menonjol pada hal magis sehingga mengakibatkan hal-hal yang realis atau nyata tertutupi oleh hal magis. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari peran keris ‘nakal’ yang lebih ditonjolkan sebagai permasalahan utama dalam cerkak tersebut.
Yasadipura I: Politik nasionalisme pujangga Jawa dalam Babad Giyanti Fitria, Ajeng Aisyah; Aprianto, Hendra; Salam, Aprinus
Patra Widya: Seri Penerbitan Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya. Vol. 25 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Balai Pelestarian Kebudayaan Wilayah X

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52829/pw.487

Abstract

Yasadipura I (1729-1803) dikenal sebagai pilar kebangkitan kesusastraan Jawa. Sebagai pujangga Jawa, Yasadipura I memperlihatkan kepiawaian dalam karya-karyanya salah satunya dalam Babad Giyanti. Untuk menggali wacana ideologi dalam karya sastra, digunakan dua teori, yaitu materialisme historis dari Terry Eagleton dan pandangan dunia dari Lucien Goldmann dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dari analisis didapat hasil sebagai berikut. Pertama, ideologi kolonialisme dan kapitalisme Hindia Belanda yang menekan Kasunanan Surakarta menciptakan dua ideologi berupa individualisme dan patriotisme. Hal tersebut diperlihatkan dengan tindakan mengkritisi para penguasa melalui ideologi Islam-Jawa oleh Yasadipura I. Kedua, pandangan dunia Yasadipura I direpresentasikan sebagai subjek yang politis. Posisi Yasadipura I sebagai pujangga dikonstruksi oleh posisinya sebagai santri sekaligus priyayi membentuk pandangan kontradiksi, yaitu sebagai pujangga Kasunanan Surakarta, tetapi secara tersirat subjek berpihak pada Pangeran Mangkubumi. Dari keberpihakan pada kubu kontra kolonial memunculkan ideologi nasionalisme yang muncul atas dasar politik nasionalisme demi mengamankan Surakarta yang lemah kala itu.
Ijime, Mentsu, dan LGBTQIA+ dalam Film Monster (2023): Kajian Hegemoni Gramsci Fitria, Ajeng Aisyah; Priyatama, Ardian Nugraha
KIRYOKU Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Kiryoku: Jurnal Studi Kejepangan
Publisher : Vocational College of Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kiryoku.v9i1.87-104

Abstract

Homogeneous Japan is the source of several problems that have yet to be solved, one of which is bullying. The amount of bullying that occurs, especially in schools, causes many students to be depressed and even commit suicide. These harmful things are then represented in a film titled Monster (2023). In this paper, there are two research questions, namely 1) how does the government dominate and hegemonise society so that the concept of homogeneity and mentsu can crystallise in Japan? 2) what is the relationship between the discourses of LGBTQIA+, ijime, and mentsu that appear in the film? Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony is used with a qualitative method to dissect the film. This research discovered that the film attempts to voice the discrimination received by LGBTQIA+ people in Japan by portraying them as two boys who fall in love and yearn for freedom. The societal pressure that considers them different due to the hegemony of the homogeneous concept of Confucianism leads to ijime. This is exacerbated by the mentsu in society, which has a reciprocal relationship. LGBTQIA+ people therefore have no space in conservative Japanese society and so the film was produced to emancipate freedom for subaltern LGBTQIA+ people.
BETWEEN FICTION AND HISTORY: THE NARRATIVES OF MAJAPAHIT IN GIGREY'S NOVEL 'MADA' Fitria, Ajeng Aisyah; Priyatama, Ardian Nugraha
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v9i2.9671

Abstract

The Majapahit Empire has been a source of inspiration for writers of historical fiction, such as Gigrey with his novel Mada. Unfortunately, these historical fictions have the possibility to make readers experience misunderstanding in comprehending history. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal to what extent historical deviation can be considered as creativity and not deviation and whether it can be considered a deviation when the writer develops the history excessively. This study employed a descriptive-qualitative method and used Lindbald's theory of historical fiction for analyzing the data. The result shows that there is a historical narrative that can be categorized as creativity because it is so imaginative and does not trap readers in false history. Meanwhile, one form of creative change in the novel that traps can be seen when Nertaja is told as Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi's adopted son. Because of these creative changes, many readers are trapped in a false history as evidenced by the comments on Goodreads. This is exacerbated by promotional narratives about the author's extensive research, making common reader even more trapped in the falsehood.
Efek Panoptikon Orde Baru dalam Cerkak Berjudul Seksi Saka Menara Karya Suparto Brata Fitria, Ajeng Aisyah; Priyatama, Ardian Nugraha
Arnawa Vol 3 No 1 (2025): Edisi 1
Publisher : Javanese Language, Literature, and Culture Study Program, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/arnawa.v3i1.23746

Abstract

The ruling state employs various methods to control its citizens, both through legal institutions and through entities deemed "safe," such as schools and hospitals. This form of power ultimately creates what is known as the panopticon effect-a phenomenon where individuals feel as though they are constantly being watched, leading them to exercise caution to avoid committing unlawful acts. This concept is illustrated in the short story "Seksi Saka Menara" or "Witness from the Tower" by Suparto Brata. To explore this social phenomenon in depth, the research utilizes Foucault's panopticon theory. The methodology employed in this article is qualitative, incorporating data collection techniques that include a literature review. The data consists of quotations from the short story relevant to the panopticon effect. The results of this study indicate that the character Poniran becomes increasingly troubled and paranoid, leading him to entertain irrational speculations as a result of the panopticon effect. One of his excessive speculations is the belief that the police can track money circulation through its serial numbers. The panopticon effect causes Poniran to feel constantly monitored, thereby discouraging him from committing dishonorable acts. The sources of this effect in the short story include religion, society, culture, and the New Order government. === Negara yang berkuasa menggunakan berbagai cara untuk mengatur rakyatnya, baik melalui lembaga hukum maupun melalui lembaga yang dinilai “bersih”, seperti sekolah, rumah sakit, dan lain-lain. Bentuk kekuasaan tersebut pada akhirnya melahirkan efek panoptikon, yaitu sebuah efek ketika seseorang selalu merasa diawasi dan akhirnya berhati-hati agar tidak melakukan tindakan melanggar hukum. Hal tersebut tersepresentasikan dalam cerkak berjudul Seksi saka Menara atau Saksi dari Menara karya Suparto Brata. Untuk menyingkap fenomena sosial tersebut dengan detail, maka digunakan teori panoptikon Foucault. Dalam hal ini metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik studi pustaka. Datanya berupa kutipan-kutipan dalam cerkak yang berhubungan dengan efek panoptikon. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah, tokoh Poniran menjadi sangat gundah hingga memikirkan spekulasi-spekulasi tidak masuk akal dikarenakan secara tidak sadar dirinya telah terkena efek panoptikon. Salah satu spekulasi berlebihan tersebut adalah tokoh Poniran berpikir bahwa polisi dapat melacak pengedaran uang melalui nomor seri uang. Efek panoptikon membuat tokoh Poniran merasa diawasi sehingga tidak dapat dengan mudah melakukan perbuatan tercela. Sumber dari efek panoptikon dalam cerkak ini adalah agama, adat istiadat masyarakat, dan lembaga negara orde baru.
Co-Authors Aprianto, Hendra Aprinus Salam Priyatama, Ardian Nugraha