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All Journal Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry
Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

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Optimization and Characterization Cellulose Content of Cocoa Pod Husk from Cocoa Fermentation Center in Gunung Kidul Regency, Indonesia Through The Extraction Process Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini; Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah; Rahayu, Aster; BalqisViratu Hapsari, Alliya; Nuraini
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v14i2.703

Abstract

Lignocellulose comprises three biopolymers, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin that form a complex composite structure. Cellulose, as a biopolymer possesses notable properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability and economic viability. Gunung Kidul, one of the areas in Indonesia, precisely in Yogyakarta, where the population is known to live as cocoa farmers, so the potential for cocoa husks production is quite large. One way to obtain cellulose is by extracting the cacao husks from Gunung Kidul Cocoa Fermentation Center. Cellulose extraction were carried out through two main stages: alkaline delignification and bleaching. Based on the FTIR characterization results, the cocoa skins from Gunung Kidul Fermentation Center have the potential to separate cellulose from lignin and hemicellulose, which is shown in the presence of the function groups O-H, CH2, and C=O. So, the study aimed to get the optimum condition of the cellulose through several variations of the alkaline (NaOH and KOH), and the type of bleaching reagent (NaOCl and H2O2). The concentration of H2O2 (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The potential for cellulose can be developed and modified into nanocellulose in the future perspective.
Isothermic Adsorption Study of Nitrate Ion Adsorption in Bioethanol Waste Using Quaternary Ammonium Polymer Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini; Rahayu, Aster; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Vivi Sisca; Veranica; Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna; Lia Anggresani; Lee Wah Lim
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v15i1.770

Abstract

The global shift towards renewable energy sources has led to a significant increase in bioethanol production, particularly from sugar mills. Despite being an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, bioethanol production produces large amounts of waste containing dangerous contaminants such as nitrate ions (NO₃⁻). These contaminants pose severe environmental and health risks, including water pollution and eutrophication. This study explores the use of ammonium polymer as an adsorbent and the influence of pH in the adsorption process as a promising technique for removing nitrate ions from bioethanol waste. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the optimal pH for adsorption of nitrate ions is around 9, where the removal efficiency (%RE) reaches 98.43% and the adsorption capacity (Qe) is 24.86 mg/g. These experiments show that the Freundlich model, with a heterogeneity factor (n) of 1.0947 and a Freundlich constant (KF) of 1.92 x 10³ units, provides the best fit to the adsorption data, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption process with a strong affinity for nitrate ions.
Co-Authors BalqisViratu Hapsari, Alliya Dhias Cahya Hakika Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah Lee Wah Lim Lia Anggresani Nuraini Rahayu, Aster Veranica Vivi Sisca