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All Journal Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering
Veranica
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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A Review: Analysis Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) of Heavy Metal Content in Crude Palm Oil Veranica; Rahayu, Aster; Maryudi; Lim , Lee Wah; Anggresani, Lia
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/ijce.v2i1.694

Abstract

Indonesia, the world's largest producer of crude palm oil (CPO), turns its oil through a series of refinement processes that include degumming, bleaching, and deodorization before it is used as cooking oil. Still, heavy metals are the main focus of CPO research. Elements known as heavy metals can have harmful effects on the human body, even in small doses. Making sure the amount of metal in CPO doesn't go over the limit is crucial. To find out how much this ingredient contributes to the heavy metal contamination in crude palm oil, more research is required. The CPO refining process is carried out with the aim of reducing free fatty acids and removing dirt or metals dissolved in CPO, which can affect the quality of cooking oil. AAS can detect metals in small amounts and provide analytical differences of up to 0.006 mg/kg.
Isotherm Adsorption of Ion Phosphate from Vinasse Waste Using Quaternary Ammonium Polymer as Adsorbent in Term Effect of Temperature Veranica; Rahayu, Aster; Maryudi; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Lee Wah Lim; Lia Anggresani
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v14i2.720

Abstract

Vinasse liquid waste is a waste product resulting from the ethanol distillation process. Phosphate in high concentrations can harm the environment, such as by polluting water sources and underground surfaces. In this research, adsorption of phosphate ions was carried out in vinasse waste to remove these pollutants using quaternary ammonium polymers. The study examined the effect of vinasse waste sample temperature on the adsorption of phosphate ions. The first step in this work was to create a quaternary ammonium polymer utilising a one-pot technique using 2-[methacryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride solution, also referred to as META. Subsequently, the adsorption process was performed using temperature variations of 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 . Phosphate ion adsorbance was measured with UV-Vis spectrometers at a wavelength of 880 nm. The quaternary ammonium polymer succeeded in adsorbing the phosphate ion content of the vinasse waste at an optimal temperature of 40 , with an adsorption capacity of 3.78 mg/L and a removal efficiency of 75.70%.  The adsorption isotherm model for phosphate ions onto quaternary ammonium polymer was studied using the Freundlich and Langmuir equations. The obtained data indicated that the Langmuir isotherm model, with an value of 0.9921, is well-suited for describing the adsorption behaviour in this research.
Isothermic Adsorption Study of Nitrate Ion Adsorption in Bioethanol Waste Using Quaternary Ammonium Polymer Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini; Rahayu, Aster; Dhias Cahya Hakika; Vivi Sisca; Veranica; Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna; Lia Anggresani; Lee Wah Lim
Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v15i1.770

Abstract

The global shift towards renewable energy sources has led to a significant increase in bioethanol production, particularly from sugar mills. Despite being an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, bioethanol production produces large amounts of waste containing dangerous contaminants such as nitrate ions (NO₃⁻). These contaminants pose severe environmental and health risks, including water pollution and eutrophication. This study explores the use of ammonium polymer as an adsorbent and the influence of pH in the adsorption process as a promising technique for removing nitrate ions from bioethanol waste. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the optimal pH for adsorption of nitrate ions is around 9, where the removal efficiency (%RE) reaches 98.43% and the adsorption capacity (Qe) is 24.86 mg/g. These experiments show that the Freundlich model, with a heterogeneity factor (n) of 1.0947 and a Freundlich constant (KF) of 1.92 x 10³ units, provides the best fit to the adsorption data, indicating a heterogeneous adsorption process with a strong affinity for nitrate ions.
Co-Authors Amrillah, Nafira Alfi Zaini Dhias Cahya Hakika Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna Lee Wah Lim Lia Anggresani Lim , Lee Wah Maryudi Rahayu, Aster Vivi Sisca