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All Journal Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Hudaya, Farhansyah Yusuf Putra
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Investigation on the Hydrothermal Condition in Synthesis of Active Matrix from Metakaolin: Physicochemical Properties and Intrinsic Cracking Activities Hudaya, Farhansyah Yusuf Putra; Anggaswara, Rezky Oktaviandy; Gunawan, Melia Laniwati; Kadja, Grandprix Thomryes Marth; Makertihartha, I. G. B. N.
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 3 Year 2024 (October 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20181

Abstract

The current trends in research and development of FCC catalyst is focused on the formulation of active matrices that serve as pre-crackers, with the objective of reducing the diffusional resistance of the longer chain hydrocarbon molecule in the feed. In this study, an aluminosilicate active matrix was synthesised from metakaolin using hydrothermal method. The experimental variables that were varied were hydrothermal temperature, in the range of 80 to 110 °C, and hydrothermal time, in the range of 12 to 72 hours, to investigate the best conditions for synthesising the active matrix. Subsequently, the active matrix was subjected to a series of analyses, including X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, N2 physisorption, NH3-temperature programmed desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetry, with the objective of determining its composition, crystal characteristics, surface characteristics, acidity, functional groups, material structure, and thermal characteristics. Additionally, the active matrix was tested for its intrinsic cracking activity using the micro activity test (MAT). The results indicate that the best temperature for hydrothermal synthesis of the active matrix is 80 °C. The active matrix synthesised with a heating time of 24 hours demonstrated the highest light cycle oil yield, reaching 38.9 wt%. Meanwhile, the active matrix synthesised at 48 hours exhibited the most favourable characteristics, with a specific surface area of 144.23 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.9933 cm3/g, as well as the highest cracking conversion of 70.0 wt%. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Investigation of the Effect of Silica and Phosphorus Content on the Performance of Active Matrix as Component of Cracking Catalyst Gunawan, Melia Laniwati; Rasrendra, Carolus Borromeus; Widikrama, Candra Lutfi; Kurniawan, Rizky Gilang; Nisa, Lita Marina; Hudaya, Farhansyah Yusuf Putra; Makertihartha, I G. B. N.; Subagjo, Subagjo
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.2.3

Abstract

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is a technique that converts heavy-fraction feed into fuel. The FCC catalyst components consist of a composite material made of zeolite, filler, binder, and an active matrix. The active matrix is used as a pre-cracker for the heavy-fraction feed. This study examined the impact of the Si/Al ratio and the addition of phosphorus on the physical properties and activity of the active matrix. The synthesis technique refers to US patent 6723297 B2. The utilized variants consisted of SiO2 ranging from 50 to 80 weight percent and a phosphorous addition ranging from 1 to 2 weight percent. The physical characteristics of the active matrix were assessed using nitrogen physisorption and NH3-Temperature programmed adsorption/desorption techniques. A chemical activity test was conducted using the micro activity test (MAT) method, with vacuum gas oil (VGO) as the feedstock. This test was done in accordance with the ASTM D 5154 – 03 standard. The results indicated that the silica composition in the active matrix is directly related to the average pore diameter but inversely related to the specific surface area. Additionally, the inclusion of phosphorus had a similar impact. The silica-alumina-phosphorous variant containing 75%-wt of SiO2 exhibited the most superior active matrix activity, achieving the maximum acquisition of light cycle oil (LCO) at 33%-wt.
Co-Authors Anggaswara, Rezky Oktaviandy Kadja, Grandprix Thomryes Marth Kurniawan, Rizky Gilang Makertihartha, I G. B. N. Makertihartha, I. G. B. N. Melia Laniwati Gunawan Nisa, Lita Marina Rasrendra, Carolus Borromeus Subagjo Subagjo Widikrama, Candra Lutfi